KALASHNIKOV M T 1919 2013 Made by

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KALASHNIKOV M. T. (1919 – 2013) Made by Yulia Ivanova, first-year student of the Institute of Civil Protection

Kalashnikov. M. T. was an outstanding designer of small arms, the author of the Kalashnikov assault rifle, the most reliable and popular automatic weapon in the world, and a number of its modifications.

Mikhail Timofeyevichwas born on 10 th of Novemberin 1919, in the village. Kuria, Altai Krai, to a peasant family. In 1930, their familywas recognizedtoo rich for peasants. They were deprived of property and deported to the village of Nizhnyaya Mokhovaya, Tomsk Oblast. Kalashnikov liked all kinds of machinery, but also he wrote poetry, dreamt to become a poet. Later he did six books and wrote poems all his life. Kalashnikov‘sfather often went hunting, so Mikhail Timofeyevichused his gun a lot in his youth. Kalashnikovwent on hunting even at the age of 90.

In 1938, Mikhail Kalashnikov was called up for military service. Already during his service in the army Kalashnikov made his first inventions. He invented a simple device for measuring the performance of tank engines, which proved so successful that it was put into production.

His career as a designer was interrupted by the German invasionof the Soviet Union in 1941, when he was recalled to his unit and served as a tank commander. During the battle of Bryansk, in October 1941, Kalashnikovwas severely wounded in the shoulder and chest. While in hospital he started designing a submachine-gun as he knew that the Red Army was short of small arms. After leaving the hospital he made a prototype of a submachine-gun. Althoughhis firstsubmachine-gun design was not accepted into service, his talent was noticed. From 1942 Kalashnikov was assigned to the Central Scientific-developmental. Firing Range for Rifle Firearms of the Chief Artillery Directorate of the Red Army.

In 1944, he designed a gas-operated carbine for the new 7. 62 x 39 mm cartridge. This weapon became a basis for his entry in an assault rifle competition in 1946. In 1947, according to test results, AK-47 was recommendedfor adoption by the Soviet Army.

In 1948, Mikhail. Kalashnikovwas sent to Izhevskmilitaryplant Izhmash to continue his design work. He created the basic design of a whole weapons family. The AKM first appeared in 1963, was lighter and cheaper to manufacturebecause of the use of a stamped steel receiver, and contained detail improvements such as a re-shaped stock and muzzle compensator. He made a squad automatic weapon variant on the base of AKM, known as Kalashnikovlight machine gun. The common characteristicsof all these weapons are simple design, surety and ease of maintenance.

Some of awards: - in 1949, Order of the Red Star and the Stalin Prize, First Class “For the creation of a weapon’s prototype " ; - in 1971, held the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences (without defending a thesis ); - Mikhail Kalashnikov was twice named Hero Socialist labor ; -On his 90 th birthday on 10 November 2009, Kalashnikov was named a "Hero of the Russian Federation“.

Kalashnikov was a member of the Union of Writers of Russia. There is a list of his books: - “Notes of weapons’ designer” (1992); - “From a strange doorstep to the Spassky Gate” (1997); - “I walked the same road as you” (1999) - “Kalashnikov: the trajectory of life” (2004); - “In a vortex of my life” (2008); - “All necessary things are simple” (2009). Once he said, "I created a weapon to defend the borders of my motherland. It's not my fault that it's being used where it shouldn't be. The politicians are more to blame for this. "

In 2004 the Kalashnikov Museum and Exhibition in Complex of Small Arms was opened Izhevsk.

Mikhail Kalashnikov died on 23 December in 2013, in Izhevsk in the 95 th year of life after a long illness. 26 th and 27 th of December were declared days of mourning in Udmurtia. th He was buried on 27 of December in the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery in Moscow.

Sources: • http: //ria. ru/spravka/20121110/910264283. html • http: //to-name. ru/biography/mihail-klashnikov. htm • http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mikhail_Kalashnikov • http: //www. theguardian. com/world/2013/dec/23/ mikhail-kalashnikov • http: //en. museum-mtk. ru/

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