Jefferson s Inaugural Address Friends and Fellow Citizens Every

Jefferson’s Inaugural Address Friends and Fellow Citizens: Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle. We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it l Why does he say we are all Republicans, we are all Federalists? l What is his point in the last sentence? l Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Revolution of 1800? l Why is the election of 1800 unique in World History? l 1 st peaceful/bloodless transition of power from 1 group to another!!! Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Jefferson Quote §“The government that governs least, governs best” § What does Jefferson mean by the quote? § Why does he feel this way? § Based on your understanding of the quote, how will the government change under Jefferson? Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

TJ changes to the government §↓ to size of government §↓ taxes, no direct taxes on the people §Severely ↓ army, ↓navy 50%; but does create Army Corps of Engineers and West Point Academy §↓ national deficit by ↓ budget §cabinet w/ both political parties §Slave trade banned in 1808 Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

The “informal” President Didn’t wear white wig No assigned seats at diplomatic dinners (this really bothered English diplomats) Walked to his inauguration, not a carriage ride Wore PJ’s to many meetings with US gov’t and foreign officials Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Marbury vs. Madison n “midnight judges” n n n Adams gave 58 new judges jobs on his last day in office 16 didn’t get their post by the time Adams left office Madison (TJ’s sec. of state) was responsible for handing out the jobs Jefferson never gave them the jobs Marbury sues to get his position Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

The Decision n Federalist judge Marshall “sort of” rules on Jefferson’s side n Marbury should’ve gotten his job n BUT…… n The part of the Judiciary Act Marbury was using as his reason to sue Marshall ruled unconstitutional Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Effect of Marbury v Madison n CREATION OF JUDICIAL REVIEW, THE CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETER TJ happy b/c they didn’t get the jobs! Power of federal government and judicial branch ↑!! Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Overseas Trouble § Pirates in the Mediterranean Sea, started to seize US trading ships § Barbary Pirates (led by Pasha of Tripolitania) demanded a fee for not taking US ships…. . What should TJ do? ? ? § Jefferson says no!!!! § Most European countries (England even) paid this ransom every year § GW and Adams also had paid!!! § 1 million a year… 10% of our national budget!! Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

“Tripolitan War”-1801 -1805 • Pasha cuts down US flag, basically declaring war • Mostly naval fighting Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US? • Stephen Decatur • “shores of Tripoli”. . Mameluke sword • TJ ended up giving the Pasha $60, 000, which technically was to free US prisoners of war

Louisiana Purchase ► Congress allows Jefferson to send a diplomat to Paris to buy Port of New Orleans and as much property to the east (northern section of Florida) as possible for $10 million ► Napoleon counters with New Orleans and all the land west of Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains for $15 million § § If you are TJ, do you make the deal? ? ? Is he allowed to do the deal? ? ? He had no authority as President to buy land!!! He says it’s a treaty, which he did have the right to do ► Jefferson a constitutional slut? (loose constructionist? ? ? ) Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Napoleon gone mad? u He wanted to prevent English/US alliance u He desperately needed the $$$ to fight England u He just got the territory from Spain, so he had no long term investment in the land u Haitian revolution created little need for New Orleans as a depot Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Affect on US • Doubles the size of the country • ↓ European influence around us • Full access of Miss. River – – • • • Great for western trading National security Huge amount of natural resources Increases wealth for the country ↑ population, ↑ immigration New states= ↑ power in the west, ↓eastern power base America the world power? • At least in western hemisphere • Coast to coast power? Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Possible Problems • • • Sectionalism Slavery issue increases Natives Spain Defending all this new land Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?

Lewis and Clark • 1804 -1806 • Scouted the territory acquired in La. Purchase – Geography/ Mapping/ What’s out there? – Sacagewea • Eventually, they get to the Pacific Ocean…. Why is this both important and unimportant? ? – Wasn’t our land past the Rockies…… Or is it? ? ? ? Aim: How did TJ's presidency change the US?