James A Henretta Rebecca Edwards Robert O Self

I. The Political Crisis of the 1790 s A. B. The Federalists Implement the Constitution p 204 1. Devising the New Government- George Washington elected unanimously by the Electoral College-President had sole authority to remove advisors-set a precedent for future presidents to select their own cabinet 2. The Bill of Rights- set a proper balance between state and national government-safeguarded personal freedoms and legal rights but did not guarantee voting rights Hamilton’s Financial Program p 204 1. Public Credit: Redemption and Assumption 206 - to establish good credit and get the rich invested in the financial success of America 2. Creating a National Bank-to create a uniform currency-make business loans-opposed by TJ as unconstitutional 3. Raising Revenue through Tariffs-revenue not protective-excise tax on whiskey to pay interest on debt

I. The Political Crisis of the 1790 s C. Jefferson’s Agrarian Vision p 207 -208 D. Federalists vs Democratic Rebublicans 1. Southern Planters and Western Farmers-The excise tax on whiskey led to rebellion-GW used the army to crush it-first test of the power of federal govt D. The French Revolution Divides Americans-Washington Proclamation of Neutrality-trade flourished 1. Ideological Politics-Americans took sides over French Revolution-Federalists pro British Democrats pro French 2. Jay’s Treaty-pro British resolution over seizure of American merchant ships 1795

I. The Political Crisis of the 1790 s E. The Rise of Political Parties p 210 1. Common belief in 1790 s that the Public Interest not served by factions The First Party System-Federalists vs Democratic Republicans-main reason for split was Southern and Western opposition to Hamiltons fiscal policy Identities of each party-Federalist favored loose interpretation of the Constitution Democrats strict interpretation Washington Farewell Address 1796 – important to read p 226 -famously warned against political factions and foreign alliances 1796 election Adams (federalist party) elected TJ was VP after both campaigned-first time in history XYZ Affair-France wanted bribes from the Adams administration to consider stopping seizure of American ships-result was bad relationship between France and federalist party-began an undeclared war with each side seizing ships

I. The Political Crisis of the 1790 s F. Constitutional Crisis and the “Revolution of 1800” Adams Coercive Acts- The Alien and Sedition Acts suppressed free speech and arrested critics Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions –first time in history states attempted to nullify a federal lawalso first “states rights” argument 1. The Election of 1800 - aka The Revolution of 1800 Adams vs Jefferson first mud slinging campaign House chose Jefferson over Burr due in part to Hamilton support of TJ-his political opponent bloodless transfer of power rare for the times

II. The Westward Movement and the Jeffersonian Revolution A. The Expanding Republic and Native American Resistance – beginning in the 1790 s western expansion increased dramatically leading to conflict with Indians Indian policy of U. S. -Takeover vs Assimilation debated 1. Conflict over Land Rights- US claimed trans Appalachian land gained in Treaty of Paris and conquered enemy status for Indians Threats , bribery, wars forced natives to give up land in much of Ohio, New York, and Penn. -Treaty of Greenville 1795 -in exchange for keeping land Indians agreed to power of US government over them-reduced British influence 2. Assimilation Rejected-by Indians as they differed from whites on religion, farming, gender roles, and lifestyle

II. The Westward Movement and the Jeffersonian Revolution B. Migration and the Changing Farm Economy 1. Southern Migrants- 2 “streams”p 215 second stream=slaveowners into AL, MISS. , LA 2. Exodus from New England-traveled into NY as families and communities-most land had been bought by speculators-p 217 3. Innovation on Eastern Farms-new technology, crops, and strategies

II. The Westward Movement and the Jeffersonian Revolution C. The Jeffersonian Presidency- inherited a hostile and packed judicial system(Adams midnight judges)-Judiciary Act of 1801 1. Policies-eventually reversed Federalist policies give examples 2. Marbury v. Madison – decided on by historical case gave Supreme Court power to rule national laws unconstitutional akajudicial review

II. The Westward Movement and the Jeffersonian Revolution (cont) D. Jefferson and the West-favored expansion-made it easier and cheaper for families to buy land 1. The Louisiana Purchase- Napoleon was fighting in Haiti and Europe TJ made offer to buy New Orleans but was sold the entire Louisiana territory for 3 cents an acre doubled the size of the UScausing TJ to go against “strict interpretation of the Constitution 2. Secessionist Schemes—Aaron Burr tried to instigate secession twice-foiled by Hamilton-Burr killed Hamilton in a duel-relate to Federalist #10 3. Lewis and Clark Meet the Mandan and Sioux

III. The War of 1812 and the Transformation of Politics A. Conflict in the Atlantic and the West p 222 1. The Embargo of 1807 -in response to impressment by British Navy-”peaceful coersion” very unpopulardamaged economy of U. S. worse than it hurt France and Britain 2. Western War Hawks-Republicans from South and West that favored war included Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun -reasons P 223 -224 B. The War of 1812 –events p 224 -230 1. Federalists Oppose the War-The Hartford Convention-another secession scheme-too late 2. The War’s End- Jacksons victories , Treaty of Ghentended the War of 1812

III. The War of 1812 and the Transformation of Politics C. The Federalist Legacy p 230 1. Marshall’s Federalist Law –Marbury vs Madison 2. Asserting National Supremacy-Mc. Culluch vs. Maryland 3. Upholding Vested Property Right-Fletcher vs Peck 4. The Diplomacy of J. Q. Adams-list p 232 5. Monroe Doctrine-1823 Declared to European powers that Latin America was not subject to colonization-asserted American dominance over the Western hemisphere