JAA Update on JAA Safety Strategy Initiative NARAST

JAA Update on JAA Safety Strategy Initiative NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 April 2004 P. H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire JSSI Coordinator JAA Regulation Division PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 1

JAA CONTENTS • • • Introduction JSSI framework JSSI update on results Conclusion Perspective Ø List of Acronyms PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 2

JAA INTRODUCTION • JSSI-CAST cooperation • Change in Europe – JAA-EASA transition – EU expansion • Debriefing JSSI – general state of play – update since September 2003 PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 3

JAA JSSI FRAMEWORK JAA OVERALL OBJECTIVE The Joint Aviation Authorities aim at continuous improvement of their effective safety system leading to further reduction of the annual number of accidents and fatalities irrespective of the growth of air traffic PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 4

JSSI FRAMEWORK JAA • Aim – continuously improve JAA safety system – reduce annual accident rate • Scope -- Large Transport Aeroplanes operated in Commercial Air Transportation • Focused safety agenda with deliverables • Partnership, cooperation, open communication, implementation • Structured approach, complementary to FAA – Historic CAST leading – Predictive JSSI leading PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 5

JAA JSSI FRAMEWORK ORGANIZATION FAA JAA EUROCONTROL CAST JSSI Steering Group RS Steering Committee Action Plan Team CFIT, ALA, LOC Future Aviation Safety Team Runway Safety WG Occurrence Data Analysis Specs WG Runway Safety Task Force Occupant Safety & Survivability WG Design Related WG PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 6

JAA JSSI FRAMEWORK JAA CONSULTATION PROCESS Implementation Action Plans through member states’ NAA JAA Committee Regulations Licensing EASA << Maintenance JAA Sectorial Teams EASA << Certification Operations JSSI Steering Group JSSI working groups PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 7

JAA JSSI FRAMEWORK HISTORIC APPROACH • Identify focus areas • Prioritise focus areas: fatalities • Analyse representative accidents sample set to recommend interventions PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 8

JAA JSSI FRAMEWORK – HISTORIC APPROACH FOCUS AREAS • Controlled Flight Into Terrain*) • Approach and Landing*) • Loss of Control*) • Design related • Weather*) • Occupant Safety and Survivability • Runway Safety*) • Occurrence Data Analysis • Turbulence *) being considered *) common with CAST PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 9

JAA JSSI FRAMEWORK PREDICTIVE APPROACH • Reason – Future may not be direct extrapolation of past: changes – Many accidents are related to situations not envisaged by the assumptions made when designing • Focused Methodology – From Changes to Hazards (inherent & due to interactions) to Interventions • Future Aviation Safety Team (FAST) PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 10

JAA JSSI update CFIT/ALA/Lo. C • CFIT 8 Action Plans endorsed by JAAC • ALA 4 Action Plans endorsed by JAAC 1 Action Plan in APT for re-planning • Lo. C 5 Action Plans endorsed by JAAC 4 Action Plans in OST having RIA 1 Action Plan on hold Ø All Action Plans are based on those from CAST adapted to European needs/context PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 11

JAA JSSI update CFIT Action Plans ENDORSED by JAAC • • TAWS implementation ATC CFIT training Precision-like approach implementation Flight Crew training in CFIT prevention Crew Resources Management training Standard Operating Procedures Minimum Safe Altitude Warning Flight Data Monitoring PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 12

JAA JSSI update ALA Action Plans ENDORSED by JAAC • Flight Crew Training • Flight Deck Equipment Upgrade/ Installation • Aircraft Design • Approach and Landing Safety Culture RE-PLANNING by APT • Maintenance Procedures PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 13

JAA JSSI update CFIT/ALA Schedule revised • TAWS actions basically done, ICAO CFIT Training Tool on JAA website • status check Aug 2002: less covered than expected • consequences discussed. Action Plans were: ü ü ü re-prioritised at JSSI APT meeting, Nov 02 re-planned in close cooperation with Ops Division finalized and approved by JSSI St. G, May 03 approved by OST, Oct 03 fully endorsed by JAAC, Feb 04 PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 14

JAA JSSI update Lo. C Action Plans ENDORSED by JAAC • Flight Envelope Protection • Vertical Situation Displays • Auto-flight • Icing • Displays & Alerting systems REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT by OST • Advance Maneuver • HF & Automation • SOP • Operational procedures ON HOLD • Risk management PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 15

JAA JSSI update Lo. C Action Plans SCHEDULE • Advance Maneuver, HF & Automation, SOP, Operational procedures submitted to OST Mar 04 request for Regulatory Impact Assessment • Risk management on hold pending discussions with FAA on CPS • Flight envelope protection, Vertical Situation Displays, Auto-flight*), Icing*), Displays & Alerting systems*) endorsed by JAAC Feb 04 *) rely on harmonization work: Ø NPA on Icing; Auto-flight prepared PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 16

JAA JSSI update DESIGN RELATED LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS • Final report delivered Jan 2002 – To. R for harmonization on Tyre/Wheel Burst – Proposal to further investigate interface Certification - Maintenance – Proposal to further investigate concept of “Deep Treatment of Anomalies/Precursors” • Follow-up – DTA/Precursors by ODAS WG in 2003 – Need for coordination with EASA since Jan 2004 PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 17

JAA JSSI update OSS LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS JSSI St. G established OSS working group in 2000 • Draft report issued and presented to OST Sep 02 – Recommendations Unruly passenger, Quality of Cargo handling, Crew training/drills, Cabin Crew/Passenger communication, Effectiveness of seat belts, Seat/floor attachment – To. R for Harmonisation: Holistic approach to evacuation – Research proposals On-board load & balance system, Smoking in toilets, Framework for data exchange • Issue Final report originally planned Jan 03, postponed until further notice PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 18

JAA JSSI update WEATHER • Joining CAST Remaining Risk JSAT Originally named Weather JSAT and planned to start Sep 02, put on hold until scope expanded with remaining areas of risk not covered yet • Started July 2003 One JSSI representative participating (from industry & only European participant) • Risk areas: Ground Icing/De-icing, Mid-Air collision, Cargo shift, Maintenance/System malfunction PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 19

JAA JSSI update ODAS Occurrence Data Analysis Specs Working Group established by JSSI St. G, Jan 2003 • Produced data users’ functional specifications document for ECCAIRS: Safety Performance Monitoring, Precursor Detection, Deep Treatment, Risk Assessment/Classification, JSSI/CAST Standard Problem Statements, Standard Results • Authorities and Interested Parties participated including FAA, Boeing and Airbus • Final report presented to ECCAIRS St. C, Nov 2003 accepted by JSSI St. G, March 2004 PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 20

JAA JSSI RUNWAY SAFETY Joint Task Force of JAA, EUROCONTROL, ICAO-Europe and GASR: • Started 2001, published Safety Letter, gathered data: Questionnaires, Interviews, Data Banks • Findings led to conclusion: RUNWAY INCURSION IS A MAJOR ISSUE…. . • Follow-up actions: ü ü Drafted strategic plan Proposed areas for improvement Made initial recommendations Held RS Workshop, EUROCONTROL, Sep 2002 PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 21

JAA JSSI RUNWAY SAFETY Conclusion of RS Workshop 9 -10 Sep 2002 START KEY REMEDIAL ACTIONS • • Set up RS programme at aerodrome level Pursue European co-operation Further develop TF/Workshop recommendations Stop Task Force, set up Working Group with Steering Committee to monitor/steer implementation PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 22

JAA JSSI RUNWAY SAFETY RS Working Group • • • Established Sep 02 Drafted Terms of References of WG and St. C Proposed St. C membership: directors level JAA, GASR, • • Selected Runway Incursions as first priority Drafted recommendations, developed into an Action Plan, issued Apr 03: EUROCONTROL, ICAO, IATA, ACI, IFATCA, IFALPA, a. o. European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 23

JAA JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY European AP for the Prevention of RI • Reviewed by RS St. C Feb 03 and member bodies • Endorsed by EUROCONTROL, GASR, JAA Apr-Oct 03 • Printed copies + CD + EUROCONTROL website www. eurocontrol. int/safety/runwayincursion. htm • Oct 03 RS St. C feed-back: implementation too slow !!! Remedial actions taken, urging ICAO for global RI def, tasking RS WG • Nov 03 RS WG Start updating schedule, develop RS Awareness CD, further dissemination AP, watch new technologies PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 24

JAA JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY European AP for the Prevention of RI Outcome meetings RS WG and St. C Jan/Feb 04 • Implementation status EAPPRI – reach small aerodromes: advertise in media • RS Awareness CD presented & approved • ICAO proposals – global RI definition – merge RS initiatives USA+Europe+Australia • Technology watch report – Situational Awareness – Collision Avoidance Systems PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 25

JAA JSSI update Future Aviation Safety Team • PHASE I, Oct 1999 - Sep 2000 – Methodology established – 157 Ao. C affecting the Aviation System identified • PHASE II, Sep 2000 - Jul 2001 – Top 20 Areas of Change selected using AHP method – Focus top 2 : Crew reliance on Flight Deck Automation New concepts for Airspace Management • PHASE III, Oct 2001 - Jan 2003 – Focused Analysis of FDA Outputs: Safety considerations for future FDA Validation of FAST PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 26

JAA JSSI update FAST TOP #1 Area of Change Crew reliance on Flight Deck Automation • 6 topics analysed, selected from top 23 by voting, looking at current or future hazards: – – – Situational Awareness Displays FMS CRM Navigation Using Terrain Recognition Fully Automated Flight CNS/ATM free flight • 34 interactions selected out of 157 by voting PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 27

JAA JSSI update FAST REPORT ON PHASE III • Containing: - vision of future automation - list of principal automation hazards - recommendations & follow-up - future work • • • Final draft presented to JSSI St. G, Jan 03 Issue #10 accepted by JSSI St. G, Jan 04 only as basis for development of top #2 Ao. C: New concepts for Airspace Management Next aim in support of top #2 Ao. C: - contributions from EUROCONTROL and CAST - JAAC endorsement and funding PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 28

JAA JSSI • • • CONCLUSION Structured activities, focused safety agenda Full coordination with CAST-EUROCONTROL-ICAO-FSF JSSI in JAA Business Plan Resources scarce = stiff prioritisation = careful planning Results ü Most CFIT/ALA/Lo. C Action Plans endorsed by JAAC ü Runway Safety initiative gained momentum ü fulfilled practical user needs ECCAIRS ü OSS and DR Action Plans lag behind ü Weather AP development started by joining CAST ü Future hazards identified/prioritised, recommendations made • Prepared for JSSI transfer to EASA PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 29

JAA JSSI PERSPECTIVE • Implementation of Action Plans in European states – EU expanding + EASA = increasing complexity: mix of members & non-members of EU, JAA, EASA – EASA will be instrumental in joining forces • EASA – recognized need for strategic safety planning, asked JAA to continue until further notice – focused on organization build-up right now, JAA expecting first discussions mid-2004 • Safety initiatives spreading worldwide – JSSI status change from “one of few” to “one of many” PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 30

JAA JSSI Acronyms AHP Analytical Hierarchy Process ALA Approach and Landing Ao. C Area of Change (in the Aviation System) APT Action Plan Team ATC(O) Air Traffic Control(ler) CAST Commercial Aviation Safety Team CFIT Controlled Flight Into Terrain CNS/ATM Communications, Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic Management CPS Commercial Airplane Certification Process Study EAPPRI European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 31

JAA JSSI Acronyms ECCAIRS European Coordination Centre for Aviation Incident Reporting System FAST Future Aviation Safety Team FMS Flight Management System GASR Group of Airport Safety Regulators JAAC JAA Committee Lo. C Loss of Control NPA Notice of Proposed Amendment ODAS Occurrence Data Reporting Specification OSS Occupant Safety & Survivability OST Operations Sectorial Team (JAA) RIA Regulatory Impact Assessment To. R Terms of Reference (= Charter) PHde. SA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14 -16 Apr 04 32