J Fuhrman 4 2012 First Phonics Spelling Expectancies for

J Fuhrman 4/2012 First Phonics Spelling Expectancies for K-2 Intervention Judy Fuhrman Riverside Unified School District 4/2012

J Fuhrman 4/2012 First Phonics English orthography is highly predictable. Most words follow common spelling generalizations. The challenge is to represent 44 speech sounds with only 26 letters.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 First Phonics Buzz, the famous Spelling Bee, will share some of the most widely used generalizations that beginning readers should know. Click once to advance to the next slide. Do not click again until the narration and animation is complete for the slide.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 SHORT VOWELS closed syllables and “ea” What is a closed syllable? This red bug’s head has spots.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 OPEN & CLOSED SYLLABLES Open Syllable When a single vowel is found at the end of a syllable/word, the sound says its letter name. There is nothing to close in the vowel, much like this open door. (e. g. I, so, he) hi hi t What do you notice about the words below? Closed Syllable In English, when a single vowel is followed by a consonant, the sound says its short sound. The consonant closes in the syllable much like this closed door. This red bug’s head has spots.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 SHORT VOWELS closed syllables and “ea” The only vowel combination that makes a short sound is ea. Okay, but what about ea? This red bug’s head has spots.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS Some one-syllable short vowel words get lucky and get an extra letter! Knowledge of closed syllables helps with other common spelling expectancies.

LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Quick When we hear /k/ right after the short vowel, add -ck.

LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words When we hear /f/, /l/, /s/, or /z/ right after the short vowel, double the final letter. Quick Jeff will pass Buzz.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words When we hear /ch/ right after the short vowel, add -tch. Quick Jeff will pass Buzz and catch fish.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS When we hear /j/ after the short oneadd dge. short vowel words syllable vowel, Quick Jeff will pass Buzz. and catch fish on the bridge.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Wow! Seven rules in one! Quick Jeff will pass Buzz. and catch fish on the bridge.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words if pal as bus gas has is this us yes much such rich which Of course, there always a few exceptions.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 Besides –ck, I know other ways to spell /k/.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 C, K, or -CK In English, c is more common than k. Can I have a cup of cocoa at the picnic*? *end 2+ syllable words When in doubt, use c. Always use c before a, o, and u.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 C, K, or -CK Quick Ken’s Use k before i, e, or y. pink* kite flies Use k at the end of in the one syllable words. . . sky. unless the /k/ comes right after the short vowel. Then use. . . –ck. *end one syllable words

J Fuhrman 4/2012 Whew! Time for a breather! C, K, or -CK Quick Ken’s pink* kite flies in the sky. Can I have a cup of cocoa at the picnic*? *end 2+ syllable words *end one syllable words

J Fuhrman 4/2012 V never end a word with v, add e Volcanoes have lava.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 Now, to tackle /j/. That was easy.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 J We use –ge at the end of a word, unless it is lucky. Then, we use. . . –dge. bridge We only find a j at the beginning of a syllable/word. There are other possibilities Ginger, the gymnast, jumps over a large hedge.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 J /j/ can also be spelled with gi, ge, and gy. gy Common exceptions include. . . gear, get, gift, giggle, gill, girl Ginger, the gymnast, jumps over a large hedge.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 G add a u before i, e or y Without the letter u, we would hear /j/. This guy plays good guitar for his guests.

ci, ce, and cy say /s/. 1 syllable words that are not “lucky” are often spelled –se. S J Fuhrman 4/2012 Lucky words are spelled –ss. Let’s extend what we know. . . An icy house sits icy house peacefully in a Swiss city. peacefully Swiss city.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 There you have it. There are some place value generalizations, such as, use ai at the beginning or middle of a syllable and –ay at the end of a syllable, but we won’t address them here. They can be found in the Spelling Rules document.

J Fuhrman 4/2012 The voice of the Spelling Bee was provided by 6 th grader Andrew Stetkevich from Victoria Elementary School.