ITU-T technical results in IMT-2000 Studies: Mobile Network Evolution Greg Jones, ITU-T greg. jones@itu. int June, 2002, Lisbon
Terminal mobility Ø must carry a wireless terminal Ø must be within radio coverage ITU-T Network wireless Personal mobility Ø need not carry a terminal Ø must have a personal number Network wireline A View of Terminal Mobility Versus Personal Mobility 2
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ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http: //www. itu. int ITU-T q Q. 1741. 1 (04/02) – IMT-2000 References to Release 1999 of GSM evolved UMTS Core Network with UTRAN Access Network q Q. 1701 (03/99) - Framework for IMT-2000 Networks q Q. 1711 (03/99) - Network Functional Model for IMT‑ 2000 q Q. 1721 (06/00) - Information Flows for IMT‑ 2000 CS‑ 1 4
ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http: //www. itu. int ITU-T q Q. 1731 (06/00) - Radio Technology Independent Requirements for IMT‑ 2000 Layer 2 Radio Interface q Q. 1751(06/00) - Internetwork Signalling Requirements for IMT‑ 2000 Capability Set 1 q Supplement 30 (12/00) to ITU‑T Recommendation Q. 1701 - Framework for IMT-2000 Networks - Roadmap to IMT-2000 Recommendations, Standards and Technical Specifications 5
ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http: //www. itu. int ITU-T q E. 164/I. 331 (05/97) - The international public telecommunication numbering plan q E. 190 (05/97) - Principles and responsibilities for the management, assignment and reclamation of E-Series international numbering resources q E. 212 (11/98) - The international identification plan for mobile terminals and mobile users q H. 323 (11/00) – Packed-based multimedia communications systems 6
ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http: //www. itu. int ITU-T q Annex H to Rec. H. 323 (2001) – Users, terminal and service mobility in H. 323 q Annex I to Rec. H. 323 (2001) – Terminal mobility in H. 323 (Error prone channels) q Annex E to Rec. H. 246 (11/00) – Use of H. 323 terminals in the PLMN q Recommendation G. 729 and its Annexes (Rev. ) – Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using CS-ACELP (conjugate – structure, algebraic-code- excited liner prediction) (03/96) q H. 323 (V 4 – 02/00) – Packet based multi-media communication systems 7
ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http: //www. itu. int ITU-T q Recommendation H. 450 series – Generic functional protocol for the support of supplementary services in H. 323 q H. 245 (V 6 - 02/00) – control protocol for multimedia communication q H. 332 (09/98) – Multimedia terminal for security Internet-based H. 323 conferences q H. 235 (V 2 - 11/00) – Security and encryption for H-series (H. 323 and H. 245 based) multimedia terminals 8
ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http: //www. itu. int ITU-T REC q H. 248 (06/00) – Gateway control protocol q M. 3200 (04/97) - TMN management services and telecommunications managed areas: overview q M. 3210(IMT-SP) - Configuration Management Functional Requirements: Service Provisioning for IMT-2000 - target 2003 q M. 3210. 1(01/01) – TMN Management Services for IMT-2000 Security Management 9
ITU-T Recommendations could be found at http: //www. itu. int ITU-T q X. 509 ISO/IEC 9594 -8 (03/00) – Information Technology – Open Systems Interconnection – The Directory: Public-Key and Attribute Certificate Frameworks q X. 841 ISO/IEC 15816 (10/00) - Information Technology – Security Techniques – Security Information Objects q X. 842 ISO/IEC TR 14516 (10/00) - Information Technology – Security Techniques – Guidelines on the Use and Management of Trusted Third Party Services (TTP) q X. 843 ISO/IEC 15945 (10/00) - Information Technology – Security Techniques – Specification of TTP Services to Support the Application of Digital Signatures 10
Stage 1 Services/Features Service definition ITU-T Functional architecture Physical architecture Information flows Stage 2 Signaling requirements SDL diagrams Interfaces SDL – System Description Language Stage 3 Protocol specification The three-stage process for interface specification 11
IMT-2000 Family ITU-T Family Member A Family Member B Family Member C IMT-2000 Family-of-systems concept. 12
to be specified in future CSs ITU-T UIM MT UIM-MT interface RAN MT-RAN interface UIM – User Identity Module MT – Mobile Terminal RAN – Radio Access Network CNs of other IMT-2000 family members CN CN RAN-CN interface NNI CN – Core Network NNI or CN–CN – Network-to- Network Interface Physical interfaces of an IMT‑ 2000 family member system 13
ITU-T List of Interfaces need to be standardized in ITU ØNNI ØMT-RAN interface ØUIM-MT interface ØRAN-CN interface 14
ITU-T IWF – Interworking Function Common NNI in the IMT‑ 2000 Family Member interconnection model
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SSG - IMT-2000 and Beyond ITU-T Why create this study Group? – growth of wireless access outstripping traditional access • soon will be over 50% of all subscribers • already the case in some markets – explosive growth of the Internet • strong correlation between wireless access and internet usage • leads to “Wireless Internet” – multiple forums working on 3 G systems • need to promote harmonization and convergence • rapidly increasing importance of globalization 17
Why is the SSG-IMT special? ITU-T • Given significant freedom in conducting its business: – Paperless meetings to maximum extent possible – Reduced meeting notice requirements (one month, electronically) – Reduced contribution submission deadline – All documents to be available on ITU web site – Meeting reports to be made available quickly – May use teleconferences, other means to conduct work • A de facto trial of selected reform aspects! • Plus has the usual powers of a Study Group: – Create and approve Recommendations – To advise TSAG on effectiveness of new procedures 18
Wireless Internet ITU-T Wireless Applications Growth Data Subscriber Growth Source: The Yankee Group, Nortel Networks Data Traffic Growth Data 70% Data 4% Source: Strategis Group, World Cellular / PCS Markets, May 1998. Voice 30% (“Other Digital” refers to PDC and PHS. ) Voice 96% 19
A Mobile Revolution Fixed Lines vs. Mobile Users, worldwide, Million 1'400 Mobile Users 1'200 Fixed Lines 1'000 800 600 400 200 0 1993 1995 1997 Source: ITU World Telecommunication Indicators Database. 1999 2001 2003
Special Study Group on IMT 2000 and Beyond ITU-T Summary of Mandate (1 of 2) • Lead SG on IMT-2000 and beyond and for mobility • Primary responsibility within ITU‑T for overall network aspects of IMT‑ 2000 and beyond – Work plan – Migration path from existing IMT-2000 systems towards systems beyond IMT-2000 • Long term common IP-based architecture • Near term IP-based internetworking – Overview road map – Interworking functions, if not done elsewhere 21
Special Study Group on IMT 2000 and Beyond ITU-T Summary of Mandate (2 of 2) • In addition, will study: – Harmonization of IMT-2000 Family members as they evolve beyond IMT-2000 – Evolution of network aspects utilizing IMT-2000 RTTs as FWA – Network aspects of convergence of fixed and wireless networks – Standardization of IMT-2000 interfaces where needed • Work with ITU-D to assist developing countries in applying IMT 2000 • Collaborate with ITU-R 8 F (radio) and 8 D (satellite) • Strong cooperative relations and complementary programs with SDOs, 3 GPPs • Develop and approve Recommendations • Make use of provisional working procedures specific to this SSG 22
Questions under study (1 of 3) ITU-T Q. 1/SSG Service and Network capability requirements and network architecture establish a clear vision for future mobile services and network capability requirements for “beyond IMT-2000 systems” Q. 2/SSG NNI mobility management protocol (Stage 3) define new mobility management signalling application protocols, or enhancements to existing protocols, needed to support IMT-2000 services to enable global roaming between different IMT-2000 family systems. Q. 3/SSG Identification of existing and evolving IMT 2000 Systems identify architectures, detailed specifications and releases which have been and will be produced by recognized SDO’s which make up existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems. 23
Questions under study (2 of 3) ITU-T Q. 4/SSG Interworking functions to be used with existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems identify (and define if not done elsewhere) interworking functions to facilitate appropriate interworking between existing and evolving IMT-2000 family members, PSTN/ISDN and Packet Data Networks Q. 5/SSG 2000 Preparation of a Handbook on IMT- work with the D and R sectors, coordinate T sector input for a handbook on IMT-2000 to assist developed and developing countries 24
Questions under study (3 of 3) ITU-T Q. 6/SSG Systems Harmonization of evolving IMT-2000 define interface requirements and network architectures for harmonization of existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems to provide seamless global roaming for IMT-2000 future Capability Sets (that include high speed packet data, multimedia, and IPbased services) Q. 7/SSG Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000 systems - describe the principles and requirements for the convergence of fixed and IMT-2000 networks -describe the architectural requirements for a converged core network to support IMT-2000 capabilities accessible from various wireless and wireline access technologies to support current and evolving IMT-2000 capabilities Q. 8/SSG Special Study Group working procedures 25
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Characteristics of the 4 th generation? ITU-T • • New network types ? New frequency bands? New air interfaces? New terminals/appliances? Different network management? New services? Better cost/performance ratios? Higher reliability? Perhaps all, but only where the business case justifies the investment ! 27
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Technology perspective of 4 th generation ITU-T 4 th generation wireless network and terminal reconfigurability (scalable and flexible self-organised), including the adaptation of resource allocation to cope with varying traffic load, channel conditions and service environments. Integration of fixed/mobile/broadcasting networks and rules for distribution and decentralized control of functional entities. Protocols that permit the network to adapt dynamically to changing channel conditions, that allow the coexistence of low and high-rate users, hand-off of high-data-rate users between base stations, congestion-control algorithms that are cognizant of and adjust to changing channel conditions etc. Development of system concepts for digital broadband millimeter wave (up to 200 GHz ) capable of delivering bit rates beyond 155 Mbits/s. 29
Towards life in 2010: ITU-T • 90% of traffic on mobile networks will be data • Domestic demand reaches 100 Mbits/s per home • Cellular phone locations used in traffic management systems • All new cars fitted with automated distress system • 90% of calls will be tetherless • 1 Terabit memory chip • Chips with 10 billion transistors • Household access by facial recognition • In-store positioning systems enable personalised guides • Voice interface for home appliances 30
Expectation for 4 G System: ITU-T • high speed (vehicular: 2 Mbps, pedestrian/indoor: 20 Mbits/s) • next generation Internet support (IPv 6, Qo. S, Mo-IP) • high-capacity 5~10 times to 3 G • flexible for providing new services • utilize higher frequencies (for example 3~8 GHz) • lower system cost (1/10 of IMT 2000? ) 4 th generation mobile systems will differ from IMT-2000. System deployment history indicates that the generation changes roughly 10 years step. 31
It is not only circuit switched voice services! ITU-T It is • the mobile component of the Information Society • digital convergence of content, media, data and telecom • a multi-national, multi-sector system • many different protocols (MPEG, WAP, IP, etc. ) • a wide range of terminals, products and services It demands global roaming • users want services available everywhere • new services and products for competition and innovation 32
Capability Set 1 ITU-T ü circuit and packet bearer capability up to 144 kb/s in vehicular radio environment ü circuit and packet bearer capability up to 384 kb/s for pedestrian radio environment ü circuit and packet bearer capability up to 2048 kb/s in indoor office radio environment ü roaming among the IMT-2000 family of systems ü interworking with IP networks ü interworking with other fixed networks ü service portability and support of virtual home environment ü multimedia terminals and services ü emergency and priority calls ü geographic position/location service ü user authentication and ciphering ü support of UPT 33
Deliverables (1 of 8) ITU-T 2002: • New Rec. Q. 1702 (Q. LTVN) - Long-Term Vision of Network Aspects for Systems Beyond IMT-2000 - Q. 1: ITU long-term vision (focused around year 2010) on systems beyond IMT-2000 for future mobile service and network capabilities requirements (currently under AAP Last Call) 34
Deliverables (2 of 8) ITU-T 2002: • Handbook on IMT-2000 deployment, Q. 5 • New Rec. Q. SCFN, Q. 1: Aspects of service capability requirements, including VHE 35
Deliverables (3 of 8) ITU-T 2002: • New Rec. Q. 1741. 2, Q. 3: “IMT-2000 References to Release 1999 of GSM evolved UMTS core network with UTRAN access network” (Release 2) • New Rec. Q. 1742. 1, Q. 3: “ANSI-41 evolved core network with cdma 2000 access network” 36
Deliverables (4 of 8) ITU-T 2003: • Tech. Report, Q. 2: New protocols for Common Mobility Management and Global Roaming • New Rec. Q. 1743. 1, Q. 3: “ANSI-41/GPRS evolved core network with UWC-136 access network” 37
Deliverables (5 of 8) ITU-T 2003: • New type of output, Q. 6: Degree of harmonisation of existing IMT-2000 systems • New type of output , Q. 6: Harmonisation issues relating to existing IMT-2000 systems • New type of output , Q. 6: Harmonisation proposals for evolving IMT-2000 systems • New type of output, Q. 7: Principles and requirements for convergence of public fixed networks and IMT-2000 network 38
Deliverables (6 of 8) ITU-T 2003: • New Rec. Q. FNAB, Q. 1: Long-term high-level network architecture for beyond IMT-2000 systems • New Rec. Q. NCRB, Q. 1: Network capabilities requirements • New Rec. , Q. 2: Requirements for new Mobility Management protocols to support Global Roaming in IMT-2000 and beyond • New Rec. , Q. 7: Network architecture and interface requirements facilitating evolution of existing public fixed networks towards converged core network, supporting IMT-2000 capabilities • New Rec. , Q. 7: Access network interface requirements for utilizing IMT-2000 radio access technologies as FWA with existing public fixed networks 39
Deliverables (7 of 8) ITU-T 2004: • New Rec. , Q. 4: Functions required to interwork between IMT-2000 family members developed by SDOs • New Rec. , Q. 4: Functions required to interwork between IMT-2000 family members and PSTN/ISDN • New Rec. , Q. 4: Functions required to interwork between IMT-2000 family members and Packet Data Networks 40
Deliverables (8 of 8) ITU-T 2004: • Tech. Report, Q. 2: Identification of the mobility management features and studies the protocol to interoperability, transport layers and mobility management • New Rec. , Q. 7: Architectural and network interface requirements for converged core network to facilitate services transparency to users across different access arrangements, including migration path for network convergence 41
SSG Meetings ITU-T • May 21 - 27, 2002, Ottawa, Canada followed by one-day seminar on IMT 2000 and Systems Beyond • November 4 - 8, 2002, Geneva, Switzerland • March 3 – 7, 2003, Geneva, Switzerland 42
Envisaged Network Environment Around the Year 2010 ITU-T • High-speed data connection is a norm in accessing multimedia services and Internet services • The core network is fully IP-based • Software radio technology becomes a main element in the wireless infrastructure • Digital TV with data service capability • Mobility management will be supporting higher speed objects such as vehicles 43
ITU-T Phases and expected timelines for future development of IMT-2000 and systems beyond 44
Defining the Vision: Capabilities of IMT-2000 and Systems Beyond ITU-T 45
Data rates for the new elements of the system beyond IMT-2000 ITU-T • up to 100 Mb/s for the mobile access and • up to 1 Gb/s for the nomadic/local area wireless access 46
Generic Network Architecture of IMT-2000 ITU-T 47
Difficulties towards the single Network Architecture ITU-T • influences of competition • existing networks • depreciating equipment • time frames for equipment installation • the mix of services provided 48
Layer Architecture of future network scenarios ITU-T 49
ITU-T Three scenarios for core network in long-term • ATM Core Network • ATM/IP Core Network • IP Core Network 50
ITU-T For more information please visit out web site http: //www. itu. int: SSG web page http: //www. itu. int/ITU-T/ssg/index. html and IMT-2000 web pages: 1. Network aspects http: //www. itu. int/ITU-T/imt 2000/index. html 2. Radio aspects http: //www. imt-2000. org/portal/index. asp 51
ITU-T Thank you for your attention!
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