ITU-R Study Group 6 1 INTERACTIVITY IN MULTIMEDIA

ITU-R Study Group 6 1 INTERACTIVITY IN MULTIMEDIA A. Magenta March 12, 2002

ITU-R Study Group 6 2 INTRODUCTION • Paraphrasing the start of the Gospel of ST JOHN, I would say: << In the beginning was the… “COMMUNICATION”, and the communication was based on the “SERVICES”>>. “SERVICES – The first Service was the – The second `` `` `` – The third `` `` `` “LANGUAGE” “HIEROGLYPHIC” “WRITING” All of these Services are “INTERACTIVE” in due time. A. Magenta

ITU-R Study Group 6 3 INTRODUCTION • Historically, the use of Electromagnetic - Waves for Telecommunication, has originated the following Services : – Telegraph / Data – Telephone – Broadcasting (Sound and Television) • The new technical developments (e. g. digitalisation) and the new techniques lead to the “Convergence”, and I can say that: “INTERACTIVITY is daughter of CONVERGENCE” A. Magenta

ITU-R Study Group 6 4 HISTORICAL MEMOIRS • THEORIES on birth of “Telecommunications” – HERTZ – MAXWELL – MARCONI – SHANNON • (investigation on Electromagnetic-waves) (theory `` `` `` ) (application of `` `` ) (theory on Telecommunications) INTERNATIONAL REGULATION – 1865 – 1947 – 1994 A. Magenta (creation of The International Telegraph Union) (PP Conference Atlantic City, creation of ITU) (PP Conference Kyoto, creation of ITU-R; ITU-T; ITU-D)

ITU-R Study Group 6 DEFINITIONS RR ARTICLE S 1 • Telecommunication: Any transmission, emission or reception of signs, signals, writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems. • Radiocommunication Service: A service as defined in RR involving the transmission, emission and/or reception of radio waves for specific telecommunication purposes. A. Magenta 5

ITU-R Study Group 6 6 DEFINITIONS • Fixed Service: A radiocommunication service between specified fixed points. • Mobile Service: A radiocommunication service between mobile and land stations, or between mobile stations. (CV) • Broadcasting Service: A radiocommunication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the general public. This service may include sound transmissions, television transmissions or other types of transmission. (CS) A. Magenta

ITU-R Study Group 6 7 DEFINITIONS Scope of Study Group 6 “Broadcasting Services” - (agreed by RA 2000) • Radiocommunication broadcasting (terrestrial and satellite), including vision, sound, multimedia and data services principally intended for delivery to general public. Broadcasting make use of point-to-everywhere information delivery widely available consumer receivers. When return channel capacity is required ( e. g. for access control, interactivity, etc. ) broadcasting typically use an asymmetrical distribution infrastructure that allows high capacity return delivery link to the service provider. The production and distribution of programs (vision, sound, multimedia, data etc. ) may employ contribution circuits among studios, information gathering circuits (ENG, SNG, etc. ), primary distribution to delivery nodes, and secondary distribution to consumers. The Study Group, recognizing that radiocommunication broadcasting extends from the production of programs to their delivery to general public, as detailed above, studies those aspects related to production and radiocommunication, including the international exchange of programs as well as the overall quality of service. A. Magenta

ITU-R Study Group 6 8 STRUCTURE OF ITU-R STUDY GROUP 6 “BROADCASTING SERVICES” - WP 6 A : Program Assembling and formatting - WP 6 E : Terrestrial delivery - WP 6 M : Interactive and Multimedia broadcasting - WP 6 P : Content Production / postproduction - WP 6 Q : Performance assessment and Quality control - WP 6 R : Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for TV - WP 6 S : Satellite delivery - TG 6/7 : Planning parameters for digital broadcasting below 30 MHz - TG 6/8 : Preparation for the Regional Radio Conference (RRC-04) - TG 6/9 : Digital Cinema (D-Cinema) A. Magenta

ITU-R Study Group 6 SCOPE and Tasks of • 9 “Working Party 6 M” WP 6 M : Interactive and Multimedia broadcasting: Provisions for interactive, multimedia and data services in sound-program and television broadcasting - Approaches and requirements specific to multimedia / interactive production, coding and multiplexing - Requirements specific to multimedia / interactive services carried on radiocommunication broadcast systems - Interfaces to webcasting including the supporting data services A. Magenta

ITU-R Study Group 6 Some Tasks achieved by “Working Party 6 M” Recommendations in force BT. 1434 BT. 1435 BT. 1436 BT. 1507 BT. 1508 BT. 1549 A. Magenta Network Independent Protocols for interactive system Digital sound and television broadcasting interaction channel through the PSTN/ISDN Transmission system for interactive cable television services Interaction channel using digital enhanced cordless telecommunications system (DECT) Interaction channel using global system for mobile communications (GSM) Data link protocol for interaction channel 10

ITU-R Study Group 6 11 Some Tasks that are going to be achieved by “Working Party 6 M” • Draft New Recommendation - “Interaction Channel Using Local Multipoint distribution Systems” (former approved in ITU-T SG 9) • Preliminary Draft New Recommendation - “VHF / UHF Terrestrial Return Channel for Interactive Broadcast Services” (addressed by ETSI. Approval pending on bi-lateral agreement) A. Magenta

ITU-R Study Group 6 Some Future Tasks to be achieved by “Working Party 6 M” • New Recommendations in reply to New Questions on: - “ Multimedia Evolution and Common Content Format” - “Digital Interactive Broadcasting Systems” - “Data Broadcasting in the Digital Broadcasting Environment” A. Magenta 12

ITU-R Study Group 6 13 INTERACTIVITY IN MULTIMEDIA DIAGRAM OF INTERACTIVITY IN ERA OF CONVERGENCE PRODUCTION - TELEPHONE - PC - BROADCASTING DATA BASE - FILMS - BANK - …… A. Magenta SERVER 1 I N T E R A C T I V E SERVER 2 I N T E N R O A N C T I V E USERS NETWORKS RX TX I N T E R F A C E - FIBRE - CABLE - TERRESTRIAL N. I N T E R F A C E RX TX . . . RX P - SATELLITE N. U TX

ITU-R Study Group 6 Where does the Diagram of Interactivity in Era of Convergence come from? • TECNOLOGY EVOLUTION • SYSTEMS CONVERGENCE A. Magenta 14

ITU-R Study Group 6 TECNOLOGY EVOLUTION • Introduction of Digitalization - creation of Digital Systems • Common use of Computers - use of software for treatment of signals - realization of intelligent equipment • Creation of Internet - Terrestrial - Satellite - Cable A. Magenta 15

ITU-R Study Group 6 SYSTEMS CONVERGENCE • Use of Digital Techniques - compression - B. E. R. (different types) (influencing the signal robustness) The consequence is: - the creation of “anonymous” channel; - ‘ ‘ ‘ “hierarchical” channel. A. Magenta 16

ITU-R Study Group 6 INTERACTIVITY IN MULTIMEDIA ANALISIS • With “HIERARCHICAL” Channels the meaning of “SERVICE” IS LOST • We can have different Multimedia Scenario - MINIMUM - MAXIMUM - PRATICABLE A. Magenta 17

ITU-R Study Group 6 MINIMUM SCENARIO • Technological - creation of digital islands - creation of different equipment • Regulation - new definitions of Broadcasting and Wireless • Practical use - convergence of Fix, Mobile and Broadcasting - use of multi-mode equipment in some cases A. Magenta 18

ITU-R Study Group 6 MAXIMUM SCENARIO • Technological - all systems digital - only one equipment for all systems • Regulation - one unified definition of Services • Practical use - all network interconnected - global interoperability - total development of UMTS A. Magenta 19

ITU-R Study Group 6 PRACTICABLE SCENARIO • Technological - different digital systems - different equipment operating in different mode • Regulation - definition of Services on the base of production • Practical use - birth of new “SERVER” of features SERVER - diversification of Production * GENERAL BROADCASTING * INTERACTIVE BROADCASTING A. Magenta * DEDICATED BROADCASTING 20

ITU-R Study Group 6 NEW “SERVER” OF FEATURE • Referring to Diagram of Interactivity (slide 12) * the “SERVER” - will use some interfaces to permit the Users to enter the “Production” room and to act with “Programs” and “Data” - will control other interfaces to coordinate the use of Networks to optimize availability and reducing the lines - will coordinate the maintenance - will define the costs A. Magenta 21

ITU-R Study Group 6 DIVERSIFICATION OF PRODUCTION in: • General Broadcasting - Sport - Theatre - Culture - Musical - Container • games • meetings • debates • various arts A. Magenta 22

ITU-R Study Group 6 DIVERSIFICATION OF PRODUCTION in: • Interactive Broadcasting - Contribution to all other programs of General Broadcasting by: • Telephone • Fax • PC • Videocamera A. Magenta 23

ITU-R Study Group 6 DIVERSIFICATION OF PRODUCTION in: • Dedicated Broadcasting - Personal Multimedia Production using: • Other programs • Data Banks • Own production A. Magenta 24

ITU-R Study Group 6 QUALITY JUMP • Redefinition of: - Resources Allocation - Network Management - Type of Channels A. Magenta 25

ITU-R Study Group 6 Resources Allocation • Attribution to: - Over national Group - Multi national Groups - Local Groups A. Magenta 26

ITU-R Study Group 6 Network Management • Global - Unique Manager • Cartel - Different Networks - Different Properties - Unique Regulation • Technology A. Magenta - Transparent 27

ITU-R Study Group 6 Type of Channel • CREATION of - “Minimum Channel” of information • HIERARCHIZATION - Of Channels A. Magenta 28

ITU-R Study Group 6 FREQUENCY MANAGEMENT • REVISION of - Article S 5 of RR • NEW MANAGEMENT of FREQUENCIES - National - Beyond national • UTILIZATION of FREQUENCIES A. Magenta - Sharing - Part-Time - Local - Universal 29

ITU-R Study Group 6 Tx and Rx SYSTEMS • TRASPARENT • INTELLIGENT A. Magenta 30

ITU-R Study Group 6 GALACTIC FUTURE • INTERACTIVE LINKS REALIZATION : * TERRESTRIAL - GALACTIC * GALACTIC - TERRESTRIAL A. Magenta 31