IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software 4 1

IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software 4. 1 Instructional Resource Chapter 1: Introduction to the Personal Computer Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1

Chapter 1: Objectives § Chapter Objectives Explain IT industry certifications. Describe a computer system. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of cases and power supplies. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of internal components. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of ports and cables. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of input devices. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of output devices. Explain system resources and their purposes. Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2

Chapter 1: Critical Concepts § What is this chapter about and why is it important? § Professional certification proves to employers that the certificate holder has gained a level of knowledge and experience that is confirmed by a respected third party. For example, the successful completion of Comp. TIA’s A+ exams or EUCIP’s IT Administrator exams demonstrates that the certificate holder has sufficient basic knowledge to work effectively in many different IT positions. § A personal computer is designed to run software programs that help people work, play, and learn. This chapter discusses the hardware that is required to build a desktop computer. It covers the hardware components that are found in most personal computers. It explains the unique purpose of each component and how these components work together. § This chapter is important because it provides the foundational information that is required to build, upgrade, and repair personal computers. Successful completion of this course will be excellent preparation for the Comp. TIA A+ Certification exam, the EUCIP IT Administrator Certification for Modules 1 and 2, and for on-the-job performance. Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3

Chapter 1: Activities § What activities are associated with this chapter? 1. 1. 2 Worksheet: Job Opportunities 1. 4. 7 Worksheet: Research Computer Components Chapter 1 Quiz Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4

Chapter 1: New Terms § What terms are introduced in this chapter? adapter card Advanced Technology Extended (ATX) 1. 4. 1 Alternating Current (AC) 1. 3 auxiliary (AUX) power connector 1. 3. 2 Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) 1. 4. 1 Berg power connector 1. 3. 2 biometric device 1. 6 Blu-ray Disc (BD) drive 1. 4. 6 Blu-ray Disc read-only media (BD-ROM) 1. 4. 6 Blu-ray Disc-recordable (BD-R) Presentation_ID 1. 4. 5 1. 4. 6 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? Blu-ray Disc-rewritable (BD-RE) bus 1. 4. 1 cache 1. 4. 4 capacitor 1. 3. 2 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1. 4. 1 Central Processing Unit (CPU) throttling 1. 4. 2 chipset 1. 4. 1 Compact Disc - read only memory (CD-ROM) 1. 4. 6 Compact Disc (CD) drive 1. 4. 6 Compact Disc-recordable (CD-R) Presentation_ID 1. 4. 6 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? Compact Disc-rewritable (CD-RW) Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) 1. 4. 2 computer 1. 2 computer system 1. 2 connector 1. 3. 2 current (I) 1. 3. 2 Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) drive 1. 4. 6 Digital Versatile Disc +/- recordable (DVD+/-R) 1. 4. 6 Digital Versatile Disc +/- rewritable (DVD+/-RW) 1. 4. 6 Digital Versatile Disc random-access memory (DVD-RAM) Presentation_ID 1. 4. 6 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? Digital Versatile Disc read-only memory (DVD-ROM) Digital Visual Interface (DVI) 1. 5 direct current (DC) 1. 3 Direct Memory Access (DMA) 1. 8 dual core CPU 1. 4. 2 dual inline memory module (DIMM) 1. 4. 4 Dynamic RAM (DRAM) 1. 4. 4 Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) 1. 4. 4 Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE) 1. 4. 6 Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM) Presentation_ID 1. 4. 6 1. 4. 4 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? expansion slot Field-Replaceable Unit (FRU) 13. 2 firewall 16. 1 Fire. Wire 1. 5 floppy disk drive (FDD) 1. 4. 6 form factor 1. 3. 1 Front Side Bus (FSB) 1. 4. 2 gigahertz (GHz) 1. 4. 2 Hard Disk Drive (HDD) 1. 4. 6 hardware Presentation_ID 1. 4. 1 1. 2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? heat sink and fan assembly input/output (I/O) address 1. 8 interrupt request (IRQ) 1. 8 keyboard 1. 6 keyboard port 1. 5 Keyboard, Video, Mouse (KVM) switch 1. 6 LCD monitor 1. 7 Light-Emitting Diode (LED) 1. 4. 7 line-in connector 1. 5 megahertz (MHz) Presentation_ID 1. 4. 1 1. 4. 2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? modem adapter modulator/demodulator (modem) 1. 4. 5 Molex power connector 1. 3. 2 monitor 1. 7 motherboard 1. 4. 1 mouse port 1. 5 multimedia extensions (MMX) 1. 4. 2 Network Interface Card (NIC) 1. 4. 5 northbridge 1. 4. 1 Parallel ATA (PATA) data cable Presentation_ID 1. 4. 5 1. 5 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? Random Access Memory (RAM) Read Only Memory (ROM) 1. 4. 4 Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) 1. 4. 2 Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) 1. 4. 6 resistance ( r ) 1. 3. 2 Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI) cable 1. 5 Small Outline DIMM (SODIMM) 1. 4. 4 socket 1. 4. 1 sound card 1. 4. 5 southbridge Presentation_ID 1. 4. 4 1. 4. 1 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12

Chapter 1: New Terms (continued) § What terms are introduced in this chapter? speaker static RAM (SRAM) 1. 4. 4 S-video port 1. 5 Synchronous Dynamic RAM (SDRAM) 1. 4. 4 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) 1. 3. 2 Universal Serial Bus (USB) port 1. 4. 1 video adapter 1. 4. 5 Video Graphics Array (VGA) 1. 5 voltage (V) 1. 3. 2 wireless NIC 1. 4. 5 Zero Insertion Force (ZIF) socket Presentation_ID 1. 7 1. 4. 2 © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13

Chapter 1: Changes § What has changed from the previous version (4. 0) of ITEPC? 1. 3. 2 Describe power supplies • Voltage, wattage, and capacity • Voltage selector switch 1. 4. 2 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of CPUs • Dual core • Triple core • Quad core 1. 4. 3 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of cooling systems • Water cooling Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14

Chapter 1: Changes (continued) § What has changed from the previous version (4. 0) of ITEPC? 1. 4. 4 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of ROM and RAM • SODIMM • DDR 3 • Single Channel vs. Dual Channel • Speed: PC-100, PC-133, PC-2700, PC-3200, PC 2 -5300, PC 3 -12800 1. 4. 5 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of adapter cards • Sound adapter • Capture card • TV Tuner Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15

Chapter 1: Changes (continued) § What has changed from the previous version (4. 0) of ITEPC? 1. 4. 6 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of storage drives • FDD Install • HDD: Solid State vs. Magnetic • Blu-ray • e. SATA • RAID Level Comparison Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16

Chapter 1: Changes (continued) § What has changed from the previous version (4. 0) of ITEPC? 1. 5 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of ports and cables • RJ-45 1. 6 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of input devices • KVM Switch • Fingerprint Scanner 1. 7 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of output devices • Degauss • Display Resolutions • Contrast Ratio • Native Resolution • Multiple monitors Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 17

Chapter 1: Classroom Management § The instructor should ensure that students acquire as many hands-on experiences as possible. If possible, have different types of computers and computer parts available for students to view during class. Legacy or nonfunctioning parts can be handled during class discussions. § Bring pictures and articles that deal with basic IT concepts and computers. Use these articles to facilitate class discussions. § A tour through a data center or a physical inspection of computer parts that are brought to class is recommended. § Assemble a computer in front of the students; it should not take more than 40 minutes to complete. Give a short explanation of the role and functionality of each component prior to installation. Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 18

Chapter 1: Classroom Management (continued) § Write the following terms on the board during discussion: power supply, motherboard, CPU, ROM, RAM, adapter, hard drive, CD/DVD, serial port, USB port, IEEE 1394 (Fire. Wire) port, parallel port, Ethernet port, PS/2 mouse or keyboard port, audio port, video port (VGA and DVI should be shown), and internal modem port. This emphasizes the importance of the term. § Demonstrate the basic concepts related to electronics with a lemon, a penny, and a nail. There are several experiments that can be done in class to help the students understand simple circuits, stored energy, and magnetism. Do an Internet search on the following terms: basic electronics lemon. § Taking simple voltage readings from the motherboard battery or from an unused Molex power supply connector makes the term voltage more applicable to the chapter. § Bring in a couple of diagrams of chipsets to show they affect the motherboard design. Have the students research the chipset for the motherboard that is used in the classroom computers. Some example chipsets are: Intel G 31, Intel G 45, AMD 780 G. Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19

Chapter 1: Teaching Analogies § When teaching the difference between hard drive and RAM memory, compare an office space and a computer. The working person is like a CPU, the desk area is similar to RAM memory, a file cabinet is similar to the hard drive, and files stored on the hard drive compare with printed documents stored in the file cabinet. • The larger the desk area, the greater the number of documents that can be opened on it at the same time. If the desk is not large enough, the person (the CPU) must close a file and properly store it inside the file cabinet before searching and opening a new one. This process takes time. §The different types of memory that a computer uses, in order of fastest to slowest, are as follows: • memory inside CPU - L 1 cache • memory in the processor housing - L 2 cache • memory on the motherboard – RAM • hard drive space that is used as memory – virtual memory § An analogy is similar to getting a drink of water: (1) Having a glass of water sitting on your desk is similar to having L 1 cache. (2) Having to go refill the glass from a faucet is similar to having L 2 cache. (3) Having to get bottled water from a drink machine is similar to having RAM. (4) Having to go to a store and buy bottled water is similar to having hard drive storage that is used as RAM. Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20

Chapter 1: Suggested Class Discussions § § Presentation_ID Explain how to register and prepare for certification exams. • Comp. TIA A+ certification • Other Cisco certifications (CCNA, CCNP, CCIE, etc. ) • EUCIP certification Computer speed relates to all components; upgrading one component is sometimes like putting a small bandage on a large wound. © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21

Chapter 1: Best Practices § Presentation_ID Obtain computers and components from these possible sources for class: • Technicians at school • Computer repair stores • Donations from students, parents, alumni, and advisory committee members • Goodwill • E-mail faculty and staff requesting any extra computers and components © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 22

Chapter 1: Best Practices (continued) § Presentation_ID Organize computers and components for class: • Use separate bins for good parts and bad parts. • Use separate bins or paper boxes for categories of parts: motherboards, PATA drives, video cards, floppy drives, CD/DVD drives, cables. • Use rolling carts for computer storage and security. This allows flexibility for storage and ease of use in the classroom. • Place a unique number on a computer and corresponding storage bin. When disassembling the computer, place the components in the storage bin with the matching computer number to keep parts organized for that computer. Students and instructors can quickly identify which components belong to which computer. © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 23

Chapter 1: Outside Reading Comp. TIA Certification Website http: //www. comptia. org/certifications Cisco Networking Academy Website Net. Acad ITE Forum Microsoft XP Website Microsoft Vista Website Microsoft Compatibility Checker Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 24

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