Introduction to English Lexicography
Lexicography A branch of lexical science engaged in dictionary making
Dictionary A collection of words and phrases of a language in a book or in a media resource listed alphabetically, together with their definitions or translations into another language
Partitions of Lexicography Theoretical: involves scientific research Practical: deals with the actual publication of dictionaries The division is rather abstract as the basic feature of Lexicography is being chiefly practice-oriented
Functions of Practical Lexicography Assistance in teaching a language Description and standardization of vocabulary Stimulation of intercultural dialogue Provision of data for academic study of the language wordstock
Contribution into Theoretical Lexicography Has been flourishing since 1980 -s Owes much to the following names: › › › › R. R. K. Hartmann L. Zgusta S. Landau B. Atkins K. Varantola H. Bejoint B. Svensen L. Stupin O. Karpova V. Dubitchinskiy Y. Karaoulov D. Dobrovolskiy S. Ter-Minasova, etc.
Lexicography Centers and Unions INTERLEX (International Lexicography Course, Exeter, Great Britain) DRC (Dictionary Research Center, Exeter and Birmingham, Great Britain) Dictionary Society of North America EURALEX (European Association of Lexicography, has grown to embrace lexicographers of the USA, Australia, Japan, etc. )
Lexicography Periodicals Dictionaries (Dictionary Society of North America) Lexicographica International Lexicography Journal (EURALEX), etc.
Classification of Dictionaries Object of description Number of languages appearing in a dictionary Size of the dictionary corpus Lexicographic form Differentiation of the vocabulary registered Synchronic diachronic approach
Object of Description Linguistic dictionaries: register language units, provide a description of their linguistic properties (lexical and grammatical meaning, stylistic value, etc. ) Encyclopaedic dictionaries: are concerned with the denotata of the lexical units, give information about the extra-linguistic world Many modern dictionaries tend to include encyclopaedic information, so the division becomes less strict
Number of Languages Used in a Dictionary Monolingual (explanatory) Bilingual and multilingual (parallel) Bilingualized: translation of an authoritative and trustworthy reference books and dictionaries into a national language
Size of the Dictionary Corpus Large (in several volumes, over 600 000 vocabulary units) Medium (between 300 000 and 600 000 vocabulary units) Concise (between 30 000 and 300 000 vocabulary units) Pocket Gem (fewer than 30 000 units, pocket size)
Lexicographic Form (way units are organized) Concordance (dictionary of quotations): organized in the alphabetical or chronological order of appearance of their headwords Index: dictionary of word frequency Alphabetical (explanatory) dictionary:
Differentiation of the vocabulary registered
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