Internet 2 John E Kennedy Vice President for

Internet 2 John E. Kennedy Vice President for Operations Ann Arbor, Michigan February 7, 2002

Discussion 8 Today’s Internet 8 What is Internet 2 8 Areas of Activity 8 Network Infrastructure Update 8 Engagement With Internet 2 2

Today’s Internet Millions of People Source: Nua Internet Surveys 3

Today’s Internet 8 Millions of users 8 Web, email, low-quality audio & video 8 Interconnect personal computers and servers 8 Applications adapt to underlying technology 4

Today’s Internet Doesn’t 8 Provide reliable end-to-end performance 8 Encourage cooperation on new capabilities 8 Allow testing of new technologies 8 Support development of revolutionary applications 5

Tomorrow’s Internet 8 Billions of users and devices 8 Convergence of today’s applications with multimedia (telephony, videoconference, HDTV) 8 Interconnect personal computers, servers, and embedded computers 8 New technologies enable unanticipated applications (and create new challenges 6

What is Internet 2? 7

Internet Development Spiral Commercialization Privatization Today’s Internet Research and Development Source: Ivan Moura Campos Internet 2 Partnerships 8

Paths to Innovation 8 Lesson of the Web: unanticipated innovation 8 Network growth and value are nonlinear 8 New technologies enable qualitatively different uses 8 Users become innovators 9

Internet 2 Mission 8 Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet. 10

Internet 2 Goals 8 Enable new generation of applications 8 Re-create leading edge R&E network capability 8 Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet 11

Why University Leadership? 8 The Internet came from the academic community • Stanford – the Internet protocols • NSFNet – the scaled-up Internet • CERN – the WWW protocols • University of Illinois – the Web browser 8 Universities’ research and education mission require an advanced Internet and have demonstrated they can develop it 12

Internet 2 Governance 8 University presidents / chancellors are the voting representatives 8 Strong board 8 Advisory councils with board seats • Applications Strategy • Network Planning and Policy • Network Research Liaison • Industry Strategy Council 13

Internet 2 Partnerships 8 Internet 2 universities are recreating the partnerships that fostered the Internet in its infancy • Industry • Government • International 14

Internet 2 Universities 190 Universities as of January 2002 15

University Membership 8 Reasons for university engagement in Internet 2 • Access to high-performance network environment • Engagement with leading-edge academic networking community • Practical experience with developing and deploying new network technologies and applications • Positive association with Internet 2® brand 16

Additional Membership 8 Over 70 Internet 2 Corporate Members 8 Over 40 Affiliate Members 836 International Partners 17

Additional Membership 8 Government Agencies & Research Labs • Army Systems Engineering Office • Earth Resources Observations Systems (EROS) Data Center (USGS) • Jet Propulsion Laboratory • NASA Goddard Space Flight Center • NASA Marshall Space Flight Center • National Institutes of Health • National Institutes of Standards and Technology • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration • National Science Foundation • National Center for Atmospheric Research 18

Internet 2 Corporate Partners 19

Maryland, Virginia, DC Area Members 8 Universities • University of Maryland • Johns Hopkins University • University of Maryland Baltimore County • University of Virginia • Virginia Polytechnic University • Old Dominion University • George Mason University • Virginia Commonwealth University • College of William & Mary • George Washington University • Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) • EDUCAUSE • Georgetown University • Gallaudet University 20

Maryland, Virginia, DC Area Members 8 Corporations • Community of Science, Inc. • Sprint • World. Com • Verizon Communications • Teleglobe Communications Corporation • Cable & Wireless • Advanced Infrastructure Ventures • Multicast Technologies, Inc. • Velocita Communications • Accord Networks • C-SPAN • Blackboard, Inc. 8 Affiliates • Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Inc. 21

Corporate Labs with Internet 2 Backbone Network Access 8 Alcatel/USA 8 Aventis 8 Boeing Phantom Works 8 Ford Research 8 Fujitsu Labs of America 8 IBM Research (2 sites) 8 Johnson & Johnson Research (3 sites) 8 Microsoft Research 8 Motorola Labs 8 Pfizer 22

Corporate Membership 8 Reasons for corporate engagement in Internet 2 • Access to high-performance network environment • Engagement with leading-edge academic networking community • Practical experience with developing and deploying new network technologies and applications • Positive association with Internet 2® brand 23

International Mo. U Partners Europe-Middle East ARNES (Slovenia) BELNET (Belgium) CARNET (Croatia) CESnet (Czech Republic) DANTE (Europe) DFN-Verein (Germany) GIP RENATER (France) GRNET (Greece) HEAnet (Ireland) HUNGARNET (Hungary) INFN-GARR (Italy) Israel-IUCC (Israel) NORDUnet (Nordic Countries) POL-34 (Poland) RCCN (Portugal) Red. IRIS (Spain) RESTENA (Luxembourg) Stichting SURF (Netherlands) SWITCH (Switzerland) TERENA (Europe) JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom) Asia-Pacific AAIREP (Australia) APAN (Asia-Pacific) APAN-KR (Korea) APRU (Asia-Pacific) CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China) JAIRC (Japan) JUCC (Hong Kong) NECTEC / UNINET (Thailand) Sing. AREN (Singapore) TAnet 2 (Taiwan) Americas CANARIE (Canada) CUDI (Mexico) REUNA (Chile) RETINA (Argentina) RNP 2 (Brazil) SENACYT (Panama) 24

Internet 2 Organization Board of Trustees Chief Executive Officer Exec. Assistant VP External Relations DC Office Chief of Staff Exec. Secretary Applications Development Chief Engineer Corporate Relations VP for Operations Finance Human Resources Technical Support Middleware Initiative Communications E 2 E Performance International Relations Member Activities Network Infrastructure 25

Internet 2 Focus Areas 8 Advanced Applications 8 Middleware 8 Engineering 8 Advanced Network Infrastructure 26

Internet 2 Applications 8 What are “I 2 applications”? 8 They deliver qualitative and quantitative improvements in how we conduct research and engage in teaching and learning 8 They require advanced networks to work 27

Advanced Applications 8 Goals • Understand communicate applications requirements • Facilitate collaboration of key user communities • Help develop key apps components where needed 28

Different Disciplines/Contexts 8 Sciences 8 Arts 8 Humanities 8 Health care 8 Business/Law 8 Administration 8… 8 Library 8 Classroom 8 Clinic 8 Office 8 Laboratory 8 Dorm room 8… 29

Application Attributes 8 Interactive collaboration 8 Real-time access to remote resources 30

Attributes, cont. 8 Large-scale, multi-site computation and data mining 8 Shared virtual reality 8 Any combination of the above 31

Advanced Applications Distance Education Master music classes University of Oklahoma Columbia University 32

Advanced Applications Remote Access to Scientific Instruments Mauna Kea Observatories AURA University of Hawaii 33

Advanced Applications Virtual Laboratories Space Physics & Aeronomy Research Collaboratory (SPARC) University of Michigan National Science Foundation 34

Advanced Applications Shared Virtual Reality CVD Alliance Images courtesy Univ. of Illinois. Chicago 35

Advanced Applications Tele-medicine Distributed Real-time, 3 -D MRI Pittsburgh Supercomputer Center Images courtesy Univ. of Illinois. Chicago 36

Digital Video

Digital Video Applications 8 Up to broadcast quality videoconferencing 8 Both live distribution and on-demand access to a variety of content 8 HDTV-based digital cinema, network-based studio production, … 38

The Internet 2 Commons 8 An effort to encourage and support large-scale, distributed collaboration for the research and education community • Enabling one-to-one, one-to-group, and group-to -group collaboration • Supporting personal communications, meetings, conferences, and teaching and learning • For Internet 2 members and their international partners 39

Other Collaborative Technologies Others MPEG 2 AG VRVS H. 323 Others Collaboratories Peer to Peer Electronic Notebooks Voice/IP Instant Messaging Data Sharing The Commons Vision Videoconferencing Technologies The Internet 2 Commons 40

What is Middleware? 8 Specialized networked services shared by applications and users • Permit scaling of applications and networks • Take the complexity out of application integration 8 Second layer of the IT infrastructure, above the network 8 Where technology meets policy 8 What network designers and applications developers each do not want to do! 41

Core vs. Upper/Network 42

Middleware 8 Network-based services supporting applications • Authentication • Identification • Authorization • Directories • Security 8 Commercial efforts • Microsoft’s. NET • Liberty Alliance 43

Why Middleware? 8 Internet 2 goal • Provide environment in which new/advanced applications can be developed and used 8 Middleware is the next layer of infrastructure that needs to be taken for granted by applications developers 44

Internet 2 Middleware Initiative 8 Focus on core middleware as infrastructure 8 Interoperability • 190 universities will never buy the same software 8 Getting stuff implemented • Best practices 8 Integrate into campus infrastructure • Discourage ‘islands’ of middleware infrastructure • E. g. , core middleware just for this grid project 8 Enable community to share resources • Grid, remote instruments, shared classes 45

Internet 2 Middleware Initiative 8 Advisory Groups • Middleware Architecture Committee for Education • Early Harvest and Early Adopters 8 Projects • Internet 2 PKI Labs – AT&T – Dartmouth College – University of Wisconsin • Shibboleth – IBM/Tivoli • Directory of Directories for Higher Education – Georgetown University – Sun Microsystems 46

Shibboleth Project 8 Goal: Support inter-institutional sharing of resources 8 Focus: Authenticate locally for access to shared, licensed resources at another campus 8 Scenario: Student at Stanford taking class at MIT need to access licensed materials (journals) at MIT for class 8 Bottom line: MIT doesn’t issue new userid/password, trusts Stanford authentication 47

Shibboleth Progress 8 Beta testing with a few schools in February 8 Code will be available this summer • IBM supporting coding effort • Open source implementation 8 Leverages existing campus authentication processes/software 8 Ultimately develop ‘Club Shib’ – group of universities in trust relationship 48

Internet 2 Backbone Network: Abilene 8 Established and run by and for Internet 2 members 82. 4 gigabits per second 8207 participating institutions 8 Reaches 50 states, District of Columbia, & Puerto Rico 8 Sponsored participation • 37 individual institutions • 18 state education networks 49

Internet 2 Backbone Networks Image Courtesy of: Donna Cox and 50 Robert Patterson, NCSA

Downloading a DVD Using Internet 2 Network Infrastructure Source: Detroit Free Press 51

Internet 2 Network Infrastructure - Overview 8 Campus 8 Regional / State 8 Giga. Pop 8 Backbone • v. BNS • Abilene 8 International Connections 52

Network Architecture Internet 2 Interconnect Cloud University A Giga. Po. P One Regional Network University B University C Commercial Internet Connections 53

Abilene Background and Milestones 8 Abilene is a UCAID project in partnership with • Qwest Communications (SONET & DWDM service) • Nortel Networks (SONET kit) • Cisco Systems (routers) • Indiana University (network operations) • ITECs in North Carolina and Ohio (test and evaluation) 8 Timeline • Apr 1988: Project announced at White House • Jan 1999: Production status for network • Oct 1999: IP version of HDTV (215 Mbps) over Abilene • Apr 2001: First state education network added • Jun 2001: Participation reaches all 50 states & D. C. • Nov 2001: Raw HDTV/IP (1. 5 Gbps) over Abilene 54

Future of Abilene 8 Original UCAID/Qwest Mo. U amended on October 1, 2001 8 Extension of Qwest’s original commitment to Abilene for another 5 years – 10/01/2006 • Originally expired March, 2003 8 Upgrade of Abilene backbone to optical transport capability - ’s • X 4 increase in the core backbone bandwidth – OC-48 c SONET (2. 5 Gbps) to 10 -Gbps DWDM • Capability for flexible provisioning of ’s to support future point-to-point experimentation and other projects 55

CIO’s Top Three Areas of Concern and Internet 2 Relevance Area of Concern Operations Stability Safety / security Unit cost / efficiency Business Solutions Cost savings Revenue enhancing Customer satisfaction / quality Preparing for the Future Source: Marv Adams, CIO Ford Motor Company Research Competency / capacity building Identifying trends & connecting them with business opportunities and challenges 56

Proactive Information Technology Management Active management of a firm’s intellectual property (IP) portfolio to enhance shareholder value A rigorous process of searching/ tracking new technologies and of generating innovative ideas through their singular or combined application Management approaches and capabilities to maximize value through rapidly changing technologies and technology-based innovation Technology Strategy and Governance IP Management Scanning & Tracking Internal/external research and development (R&D) leading to new technologies and their uses; does not include incremental or core business product related R&D Technology Portfolio Management R&D Management of investments in a portfolio of new technologies and technology-based ideas that have potential for value creation Ecosystem Management of participants in an ecosystem to spur idea generation and innovation Source: Accenture 57

Practically Speaking… 8 The system of collectively learning and altering our environment is very fragmented today in most institutions 8 Yet, these are the likely eventual realities: • Inexpensive, widely available high communications bandwidth • Other emerging technologies that, when combined with bandwidth, will enable breakthroughs • Tomorrow’s survivors will be continuously learning and taking advantage of technological advances 58

Work of Internet 2 8 Member-focused 8 Member-led 8 Internet 2 staff provide central staff 8 Work with other organizations in networking (IETF, Educause, ISOC) 59

Initiatives and Working Groups 8 Working Groups • Multicast • Vo. IP… 8 Initiatives • End-to-End Network Performance • Digital Video… 8 Projects • Shibboleth • Abilene… 60

Meetings and Workshops 8 National Meetings 8 Technical Workshops 8 Virtual Briefings 61

Support Framework 8 Document library 8 Newsletter 8 Discussion lists 8 Calendar 62

www. internet 2. edu 63