International Cooperation in Digital Libraries Co LIS 3

International Cooperation in Digital Libraries Co. LIS 3 - 25 May 1999 Edward A. Fox Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA fox@vt. edu

DLs: Why of Global Interest? F National projects can preserve antiquities and heritage: cultural, historical, linguistic, scholarly F Knowledge and information are essential to economic and technological growth, education F DL - a domain for international collaboration – wherein all can contribute and benefit – which leverages investment in networking – which provides useful content on Internet & WWW – which will tie nations and peoples together more strongly and through deeper understanding

SMETE Library (from www. dlib. org) F Context: Global movement toward Digital Libraries (see April 1998 CACM) F NSF effort: Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology Education Digital Library (focussed on undergraduates) – 3 workshops, yearly increasing funds / new calls – ex. , www. cstc. org - CS Teaching Center F SMETE Library likely to operate as distributed federation, with separate parts for each key discipline, and to lead to a global effort

A Digital Library Case Study FDomain: graduate Project: education, research Networked Digital FGenre: ETDs=electroni Library of Theses c theses & dissertations & Dissertations FSubmission: (NDLTD) http: //etd. vt. edu www. ndltd. org FCollection: http: //www. theses. org

US University Members FAir University (Alabama) FCal Tech FClemson University FCollege of William & Mary FConcordia University (Illinois) FEast Tenn. State University FFlorida Institute of Tech. FFlorida International University FMichigan Tech FNaval Postgraduate School (CA) FNorth Carolina State U. FPenn. State University FRochester Institute of Tech. FU. of Florida FU. of Georgia FUniversity of Hawaii, Manoa F F F F U. of Iowa U. of Maine U. of Oklahoma U. of South Florida U. of Tennessee, Knoxville U. of Tennessee, Memphis U. of Texas at Austin U. of Virginia U. Wisconsin - Madison Vanderbilt U. Virginia Tech - required since 1/97 West Virginia U. - required beginning fall 1998 Worcester Polytechnic Inst.

Australian Project Members FU. New South Wales (lead institution) FU. of Melbourne FU. of Queensland FU. of Sydney FAustralian National University FCurtin U. of Technology FGriffith U.

German Project Members FHumboldt University (lead institution) F 3 other universities F 5 learned societies F 1 computing center F 2 major libraries

Other International Members FChinese University of Hong Kong FChungnam National U. , Dept of CS (S. Korea) FCity University, London (UK) FDarmstadt U. of Tech. (Germany) FGyeongsang National U. (Korea) FIndia Institute of Technology, Bombay (India) FNanyang Technological U. (Singapore, part) FNational U. of Singapore (Singapore, part) F*National Library of Portugal FPolytechnic University of Valencia (Spain) FRhodes U. (South Africa) FSt. Petersburg St. Tech. U (Russia) FUniv. de las Américas Puebla (Mexico) FU. Laval; U. of Guelph; U. Waterloo; Wilfrid Laurier U. (Canada)

Key Ideas: Scalability Networked infrastructure University collaboration Workflow, automation Education is the rationale Authors must submit Maximal access Standards PDF, SGML, MM MARC, DC, URNs Federated search

User Search Support (multilingual, XML) Note: All groups shown are connected with NDLTD.

What are we doing? F Aiding universities to enhance grad educ. , publishing and IPR efforts F Helping improve the availability and content of theses and dissertations F Educating ALL future scholars so they can publish electronically and effectively use digital libraries (i. e. , are Information Literate and can be more expressive) >100, 000 per year

Why might you want to be involved? (www. ndltd. org/join) F To improve graduate education / better prepare your students F To unlock university information F To save money for students and for the university / improve workflow F To build an important digital library supported by SURA, US Dept. Ed. , UNESCO, Adobe, IBM, OCLC, . . .

Questions from Asian DL Workshop, Hong Kong ‘ 98 F Is there global understanding of DL? F Will people take action beyond talking about int’l collaboration? F What frameworks for int’l collaboration will be established? F Will there be support from gov’t, industry, and academia?

International Digital Libraries Association - Rob Akscyn (rma@ks. com) F 1 st Summit on International Cooperation on Digital Libraries, 27 -28 June 1998, Pittsburgh, PA [Held immediately following Digital Libraries '98] F 2 nd Summit …, 14 Aug. 1999, Berkeley, CA [following ACM DL ‘ 99 - accessible from http: //fox. cs. vt. edu/DL 99]

1 st Summit - Issues - 1 of 5 F 1. Is international cooperation on digital libraries necessary, and why? F 2. What are the truly important benefits of digital libraries and how might they be realized -- specifically by international cooperation -- while at the same time not being oversold via a never-ending series of grandiose pronouncements?

1 st Summit - Issues - 1 of 5 F 1. Is international cooperation on digital libraries necessary, and why? F 2. What are the truly important benefits of digital libraries and how might they be realized -- specifically by international cooperation -- while at the same time not being oversold via a never-ending series of grandiose pronouncements? F Reduce duplication, Increase cultural diversity, Ensure interoperability

1 st Summit - Issues - 2 of 5 F 3. What goals should be set for international cooperation? Who should set them? And how might a critical mass of effort be accumulated to make timely progress? F 4. What organizational mechanisms are appropriate for fostering international cooperation? What other models of international cooperation have worked and not worked?

1 st Summit - Issues - 2 of 5 F 3. What goals should be set for international cooperation? Who should set them? And how might a critical mass of effort be accumulated to make timely progress? F 4. What organizational mechanisms are appropriate for fostering international cooperation? What other models of international cooperation have worked and not worked? F Increased communication , an IDL Reqt document, Exemplary efforts (multilingual, interoperable)

1 st Summit - Issues - 3 of 5 F 5. How will all the cooperating participants benefit -- so that the effort invested is a win-win for all? F 6. What specific programs and projects should be undertaken, and how can these avoid fragmentation and oneupmanship? F 7. How can results be achieved in graduated, incremental steps -- versus attempting the ever-deadly quantum leaps?

1 st Summit - Issues - 3 of 5 F 5. How will all the cooperating participants benefit - so that the effort invested is a win-win for all? F 6. What specific programs and projects should be undertaken, and how can these avoid fragmentation and oneupmanship? F 7. How can results be achieved in graduated, incremental steps -- versus attempting the everdeadly quantum leaps? F Common problem, e. g. , Digital preservation? ? ? Area: disaster relief, environment, children’s stories, educ. , DL 2. Approach: Internet/Web

1 st Summit - Issues - 4 of 5 F 8. What is a realistic time frame for achieving these goals so that unachievable expectations are not spawned in the first place? What might be demonstrable (and heartening) progress in the interim? F 9. What level of government funding is needed? How should that funding be sourced? Among what objectives should that funding be allocated and how?

1 st Summit - Issues - 4 of 5 F 8. What is a realistic time frame for achieving these goals so that unachievable expectations are not spawned in the first place? What might be demonstrable (and heartening) progress in the interim? F 9. What level of government funding is needed? How should that funding be sourced? Among what objectives should that funding be allocated and how? F 5 -10 years; $5 -10 M/year; Plans/milestones

1 st Summit - Issues - 5 of 5 F 10. How will the digital library paradigm be respectful of, but made part of, everyday activity -- especially across international boundaries? F 11. What should be done next, following this Summit, and who will do it?

1 st Summit - Issues - 5 of 5 F 10. How will the digital library paradigm be respectful of, but made part of, everyday activity -especially across international boundaries? F 11. What should be done next, following this Summit, and who will do it? F Ongoing projects inherently collaborative and widely used by large numbers in many countries F Many nations funding of planning (, ) meetings, development, operation, as well as basic research