International Cooperation in Development and Supply of Nuclear

International Cooperation in Development and Supply of Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs Vladimír Hlavinka Chief Production Officer «ATOMEXPO 2009» 27 th May 2009

Czech NPPs Temelín § 2 x VVER 1000 § type V-320 2 Dukovany § 4 x VVER 440 § type V-213 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

Czech NPPs § The Czech Power Company (ČEZ) owns two NPP's : § Temelín § two reactor units - VVER 1000/320 (designed installed capacity 1, 962 MWe) § the first unit went into trial operation in 2000, the second in 2002 § both reactors are in regular operation, end of operation in 2040/2042 § current projects - improvement on the secondary side (~ 1, 020 MWe) - 2010 change of fuel supplier § Dukovany § four reactor units - VVER 440/213 (designed installed capacity 1, 760 MWe) § the first unit went into operation in 1985, the last in 1987 § assumed shut down in 2025/2027 § current projects - uprating ( 500 MWe) - I&C modernization - Long Term Operation ( year 2035) 3 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

I. Dukovany – Fuel Cycle § Nuclear Fuel purchase for Dukovany § procurement alternatives: 1. utilisation of the Czech mined uranium (DIAMO), rest of services supplied by the supplier 2. purchase of the fuel including all services 4 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

I. Dukovany – Fuel Cycle § fuel assembly: § core contains 349 hexagonal fuel assemblies § each assembly consists of 126 rods (~ 1 kg of uranium per rod) § assembly is enriched to average 4. 38% 235 U (Gd-2 M, working fuel assembly) § E 110 (Zr-1%Nb) is used as a cladding material § manufactured by JSC “Mashinostroitelny zavod” (TVEL) § 5 casks CASTOR 440/84 for spent fuel fabricated by GNS International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

I. Dukovany – Modernisation § original fuel cycle: § § § modernised fuel cycles: § § 6 from the 80’s 12 -month cycle with reload of 116 FAs (3 -year cycle) enrichment 1. 6 %, 2. 4% and 3. 6% burn-up up to 30, 000 MWd/t. U fuel with gadolinium absorber Gd-1 (2003) Gd-2 M (2009) 12 -month cycle with reload of 72 FAs (5 -year cycle) enrichment 4. 25% and 4. 38% burn-up up to 55, 000 MWd/t. U International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

I. Dukovany – Modernisation § 7 modernisation higher burn-up and decreasing number of fresh fuel assemblies International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

I. Dukovany – Modernisation § 8 modernisation elongation of fuel cycle [EFPD] International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

II. Temelín – VVantage 6 § fuel supplier WESTINGHOUSE: § assemblies manufactured in Columbia § Anatech’s technical expertises § uranium deliveries from all over the world including Czech Rep. § conversion services from CAMECO, Areva (COMURHEX)… § enrichment – USEC, Urenco, Areva (Cogema), Atomenergoprom… diversification strategy 9 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

II. Temelín – VVantage 6 § fuel assembly: § core contains 163 hexagonal fuel assemblies § each assembly consists of 312 fuel rods (~ 1. 6 kg of uranium) § max. allowed 235 U enrichment 4. 95% (+0. 05%) § ZIRLOTM is used as a cladding material § Average Reload Batch ~ 42 FA’s § 10 casks CASTOR 1000/19 for spent fuel to be fabricated by GNS International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

II. Temelín – VVantage 6 § § VVantage 6 mod. 1 § minor modifications § VVantage 6 Phase 0 § Top Nozzle and Guide Tube design changes (to allow higher Fuel Assembly growth and to provide stiffer skeleton in the dashpot area) § VVantage 6 Phase 1 § Fuel Rods, Guide Tubes, Instrumentation Tubes material change, Zircaloy-4 → ZIRLOTM (to reduce growth, improvement of corrosion performance) § Stiffer skeleton (to reduce Fuel Assembly Bow) § Top Grid peripheral cell sizes tolerance changed (to reduce peripheral Fuel Rod Bow) § VVantage 6 Phase 1 X § Vaneless Mid Grid material change, Zircaloy-4 → Alloy-718, top grid design used (to reduce Grid-to-Rod-Fretting) • 11 Phase 1 and Phase 1 X changes were finally introduced together, however they are licensed as different fuel design International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

II. Temelín – VVantage 6 § 12 design changes fuel behaviour improvement, IRI elimination International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

II. Temelín – TVSA-T § Nuclear Fuel Contract with Westinghouse Electric Company for fuel fabrication to 2010 (last delivery) § 2004 - Tender (BID) for New Fuel Supplier § WEC § TVEL § 2006 - TVEL was awarded the contract § For period 2010 ÷ 2020 § 13 Currently TVSA-T Development Program is ongoing, first TVSA-T fuel delivery and in-core loading → summer 2010, Unit 1 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

II. Temelín – TVSA-T § development program § design reports § methodologies § licensing documentation (support in licensing process of TVSA-T, mixed core) § coordination of subcontractors (KIAE, OKBM, VNIINM) § tests, analyses (mechanical tests performed also by Škoda JS) § experience of operational at Unit 1 of Kalinin NPP § dummy assembly (instruction for handling) 14 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

III. International communication § With fuel supplier (Westinghouse, TVEL) § continual cooperation on fuel and fuel cycle improvement § development programs in case of new fuel design introduction (cooperation also with prominent Czech organizations, which provide ČEZ with independent analysis of various technical and licensing related issues ÚJV, ŠJS, ÚJP, …) § Fuel manufacturing quality inspections, check and surveillance § ČEZ contracts independent organisations to inspect and supervise manufacturing process (Anatech, NAC Stoller, KPI) § Membership in international organizations § § 15 World Nuclear Association (WNA) World Nuclear Fuel Market (WNFM) World Association of Nuclear Operators TUG International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs

III. International communication § Cooperation with nuclear field oriented companies – ANT International, NAC International § ČEZ is a member of several groups and programs, which provide to ČEZ up-to-date nuclear field related information and trends, e. g. • COPAG – Core Performance Assessment Group • ZIRAT – Zirconium Alloy Technology Program 16 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Fuel for Czech NPPs