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International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC TRACKING STRATEGY MEETING ALRMP and World Bank International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC TRACKING STRATEGY MEETING ALRMP and World Bank Presentation, Nairobi 16 th July 2007

AIM OF THIS MEETING: 4 To verify the extent to which the ICRC thinking AIM OF THIS MEETING: 4 To verify the extent to which the ICRC thinking on the tracking strategy matches that of other humanitarian organisations and donors operating in the region.

BACKGROUND The ICRC approach evolved from the Regional Livestock Study which showed: 4 Pastoralism BACKGROUND The ICRC approach evolved from the Regional Livestock Study which showed: 4 Pastoralism as a livelihood is in crisis. 4 Violence is increasingly likely in pastoral areas. 4 Most current interventions address the "symptoms" rather than the "causes". 4 Responses lack longer-term vision. 4 Supporting diversification is as important as strengthening livestock interventions.

RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE STUDY 4 Need to address causes - not just problems; 4 RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE STUDY 4 Need to address causes - not just problems; 4 Need for harmonised approaches; 4 Need a stronger link between EWS and responses; 4 Requires donor and agency flexibility; 4 Increased livelihood diversification; 4 Improved production levels in specific areas.

WHY IS PASTORALISM IN THE REGION IN CRISIS? 4 Increasing human population and needs. WHY IS PASTORALISM IN THE REGION IN CRISIS? 4 Increasing human population and needs. 4 Diminishing access to the natural resource base. 4 Increasing frequency of shocks and slow recovery rates. Less resilience. 4 Adverse policies.

WHAT IS REQUIRED? 4 A coordinated, unified and holistic approach by governments, agencies, and WHAT IS REQUIRED? 4 A coordinated, unified and holistic approach by governments, agencies, and donors. 4 A matrix of indicators as to the situation on ground; and what to do when. 4 A "tracking strategy".

WHAT IS THE TRACKING STRATEGY ? 4 WHAT IS THE TRACKING STRATEGY ? 4 "Tracking strategy" or "opportunistic management" thinking is not new. 4 It is the way pastoralists themselves manage their stock in non-equilibrium systems. 4 It implies (for agencies): 8 Opportunistic responses (different interventions in different situations) – The need to “plan for shocks”. 4 Tracking strategy is both an approach and a tool.

THE ICRC CRISIS SCHEME & RESPONSE WARNING SIGNALS DEVELOPMENT Structural interventions Production interventions ADAPTATION THE ICRC CRISIS SCHEME & RESPONSE WARNING SIGNALS DEVELOPMENT Structural interventions Production interventions ADAPTATION CONSOLIDATION IMPOVERISHMENT CAPITAL LOSS DESTITUTION Normal Alert Alarm ECONOMIC RECOVERY RELIEF Saving lives Emergency PHYSICAL RECOVERY Recovery

LIVELIHOOD SUPPORT Generally Food Secure GENERAL DEVELOPMENT Chronically Food Insecure Acute Food & Livelihood LIVELIHOOD SUPPORT Generally Food Secure GENERAL DEVELOPMENT Chronically Food Insecure Acute Food & Livelihood Crisis Humanitarian Emergency Famine / Humanitarian Catastrophe CEREAL PREPOSITIONING CFW GENERAL DEVELOPMENT NEW LIVELIHOODS IMPROVED FARMING INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CONSOLIDATION CFW / FFW DIVERSIFICATION ECONOMIC NFI / FOOD MICRO-FINANCE RECOVERY EMPLOYMENT MCH PHYSICAL RECONSTRUCTION LIFE RECOVERY TRANSLOCATION SAVING

ANIMAL MARKETING Generally Food Secure MARKET / INFRASTRUCTURE Chronically Food Insecure Acute Food & ANIMAL MARKETING Generally Food Secure MARKET / INFRASTRUCTURE Chronically Food Insecure Acute Food & Livelihood Crisis EXTENSION COMMERCIAL DESTOCKING DEVELOPMENT CONSOLIDATION RESTOCKING? CREDIT Humanitarian Emergency Famine / Humanitarian Catastrophe ADDED VALUE NICHE MARKETS ECONOMIC RECOVERY PHYSICAL RECOVERY

ANIMAL HEALTH Generally Food Secure PRIVATISATION, VACCINATION Chronically Food Insecure Acute Food & Livelihood ANIMAL HEALTH Generally Food Secure PRIVATISATION, VACCINATION Chronically Food Insecure Acute Food & Livelihood Crisis Humanitarian Emergency Famine / Humanitarian Catastrophe PRIVATISATION SUPPORT COST RECOVERY VACCINATION SUPPORT VETERINARY VOUCHERS FREE PARASITE CONTROL CAMPAIGNS DEVELOPMENT CONSOLIDATION ECONOMIC RECOVERY PHYSICAL RECOVERY

ANIMAL NUTRITION NRM TRAINING FODDER PRODUCTION Generally Food Secure Chronically Food Insecure FODDER COLL. ANIMAL NUTRITION NRM TRAINING FODDER PRODUCTION Generally Food Secure Chronically Food Insecure FODDER COLL. / STORAGE WATER POINT REHAB. Acute Food & Livelihood Crisis Humanitarian Emergency Famine / Humanitarian Catastrophe WATER NETWORKS BOREHOLE REPAIR NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FEED / FODDER SUPPLY WATER TRUCKING DEVELOPMENT CONSOLIDATION ECONOMIC RECOVERY PHYSICAL RECOVERY

CURRENT THINKING 4 The approach covers many of the aspects that are currently under CURRENT THINKING 4 The approach covers many of the aspects that are currently under debate within the humanitarian world; 4 Relates to recent developments in funding; 4 Indicators.

CURRENT STATUS 4 A steering group under the RFSNWG has been established to further CURRENT STATUS 4 A steering group under the RFSNWG has been established to further explore developing the "tracking strategy" approach within the region. 43 meetings held to see how it can fit into the IPC framework. 4 Discussions on linking it to the Livestock Emergency Guidelines and Standards.

NEXT STEPS 4 The RFSNWG to actively promote the adoption of a NEXT STEPS 4 The RFSNWG to actively promote the adoption of a "tracking strategy" approach within the region. 4 Develop regional and local indicators. 4 More "buy in" by more donors and agencies.