International Charter Space and Major Disasters The International

International Charter Space and Major Disasters The International Charter for Space and Major Disasters André HUSSON CNES : DSP / OT CNES representative to the Board of International Charter for Space and Major Disasters

Summary • Background and purpose • Organisation and actors • Type of activations and examples • Lessons learnt and future

Context of the Charter The Charter was initiated by CNES/ESA at the occasion of the UNISPACE III Conference in Vienna (July 1999) on the following basis : • Potential key contribution of space systems in case of major disasters • Necessity of a strong international cooperation among space agencies and space system operators to match the needs

Purpose of the Charter The Charter is an international cooperation between space agencies, making their resources available to emergency and rescue operations. Its objectives are : • To support, by means of space assets and the associated information and services, the organization of emergency assistance or subsequent operations • To provide a unified and co-ordinated system of space data acquisition and data delivery to those affected by disasters • To promote cooperation between space agencies and space system operators in the field of disaster management

Principles of the co-operation • The Charter is open to – space agencies – space system operators • The members participate – on a voluntary basis – with no exchange of funds • The members endeavour to – make satellite resources (including acquisition planning) available without delay during period of crisis, beyond the specific data policy restrictions of providers – supply emergency organizations, essentially the national civil protection agencies, with a co-ordinated and free access to space systems and to resulting data and information (products).

Charter member agencies CSA Canada 2000 NOAA/USGS USA 2001 BNSC UK 2005 CNES France 2000 ESA Europe 2000 JAXA CNSA Japan China 2005 2007 ISRO India 2001 CONAE Argentina 2003

Scope of the Charter The Charter is in operation since November 2000 The charter: - addresses ‘only’ the response phase - provides a unified system of space data acquisition and delivery - services the entire world

Charter Operational Loop Emergency on. Call Officer (ECO) CSA RADARSAT-1 ESA ERS-2 and ENVISA CNES On-Duty Operator (ODO) Authorized User (AU) Disaster Project Manager (PM) NOAA ISRO CONAE JAXA NOAA-12, 14, 15, 1 17, POES and GOE IRS-1 C, 1 D, P 4, P 6 SAC-C (ALOS) ALSAT-1, BNSC/DMC Bilsat, C Nigeria. Sat-1, N UK-DMC SA End User (EU) SPOT 2, 4 & 5 Value-Added Reseller (VAR)

The Authorized Users (AU)) • They are the only Bodies authorised to request services: to obtain data and information on a disaster occurrence, on a single call, to request the mobilization of the space resources of the member agencies • They usually represent: - the national Civil Protection Authorities (CPA) of the partner agencies -specialized UN agencies (UNOCHA, UNEP, UNDP…) granted with Cooperating Body status • If not member of the Charter a bilateral agreement with these CPAs is needed Emergency on-Call Officer (ECO) On Duty Operator (ODO) A U Project Manager (PM)

Role of the ODO and ECO A 24/7 on-duty operator Emergency on-Call receives the call, checks the identity of the requestor and Officer (ECO) verifies that the User Request form sent by the Authorized User is correctly On Duty Operator filled up. (ODO) The operator passes the information to an Emergency On-Call Officer who analyzes the request and the scope of the disaster with the Authorized User, and prepares an archive and acquisition plan using available space resources. Data acquisition and delivery takes place on an emergency basis. Project Manager (PM)

Role of the Project Manager (PM) • PM is designated by the Executive Secretariat according to location, type of disaster and expertise • PM is qualified in data ordering, handling and application • PM ensures the data sent corresponds to what the user expects • PM assists the user throughout the process. • PM writes up a final operation report Emergency on-Call Officer (ECO) On Duty Operator (ODO) Project Manager (PM)

Charter Activations (up to April 2007) Lena River, Russia British Columbia, Canada Denmark Sweden Germany 1, 2&3 Czeck Republic 1&2 Luxembourg North Ossetia, Russia Northern France Austria 1&2 Manitoba, Slovenia Saône, & Rhône France Caucassus, Russia English Channel 1&2 Canada Lago Maggiore, IT France Switzerland Romania 1, 2&3 Hungary Galicia, Spain Bulgaria Portugal North Korea Etna, IT Stromboli, IT Tehran, Iran 3 USA Bingol, Turkey Morocco Algeria 1&2 Hindu Kush, Afghanistan 1&2 Al Hoceïma, Morocco Lebanon 1&2 Kashmir, Pakistan Louisiana, USA Iran 1, 2&4 Kashmir, India Nepal Canary Islands, Spain Florida, USA Gonaives, Haiti China Pakistan 1&2 Assam, India Yucatan, Mexico India Gujarat, India Dominican Republic El Salvador 1&2 Central America Hispaniola, Haiti Guaranda Municipe, Colombia Galeras Volcano, Colombia Soufrière, Montserrat Grenada Island Suriname Georgetown, Guyana Venezuela Galapagos, Ecuador Gulf of Aden, Yemen Sudan 1&2 Ethiopia 1 Ethiopia 2&3 Somalia Nyiragongo, Congo Kenya 1&2 Philippines 2&5 Cuddalore, India Philippines 1&3 Philippines 4 Banda Aceh, Indonesia Sri Lanka 1&2 Nias Island, Indonesia Rarotonga, Cook Islands Bolivia Earthquake Volcanic Eruption Landslide Flood/ocean wave Storm/hurricane Oil Spill Forest Fire Other Bolivia 2 Bolivia-Paraguay-Argentina 4 Santa Fe, Argentina 1 Argentina 3 Patagonia, Argentina 2 Comoros Caprivi, Namibia Mozambique Java, Indonesia 3&4 Indonesia 5 Nabire, Indonesia

Charter Activations

Charter Activation Cases (up to November 2007)

Rapid mapping

Event space map

Burnt areas evolution between the 01/07/2007 and the 07/09/2007

Damage assessment map

Damage assessment map

Charter evolution Recent events around the Charter Increasing recognition of the usefulness of space products Emerging other space-based initiatives on disaster management n accelerated the need for the Charter Governing Board: - to review the implications of the changing context on the Charter - to take position about the international Charter evolution - to explore options to pursue n The Board at its last meeting in April, 2007 gave an action to CNES, JAXA and CSA to study this issue.

Charter evolution Not to modify the Charter’s mandate, but to rather: – identify the expectations the other initiatives have on the Charter – explore options to strengthen Charter’s effectiveness and relevance – suggest possible measures for Charter’s evolution with the aim of improving sustainability, effectiveness, and relevance of the Charter

Conclusion å A successful case of international cooperation… – It provides a «one-stop shop» for civil protection and emergency organizations – It is an efficient data delivery mechanism, relying on existing resources – Deals only with emergency å Need to make the Charter accessible to more countries, in particular in Africa å Intend to work together to investigate options to make more efficient the space based solutions to support disasters management activities