International Academy of Astronautics IAA Space Debris Committee

International Academy of Astronautics IAA Space Debris Committee Toronto, Sep. 27 th, 2014

International Academy of Astronautics Agenda 1. IAC 1. 1. IAA Space Debris Committee 1. 2. Lessons learned from Beijing 2013 1. 3. Status of Space Debris Symposium for Toronto 2014 1. 4. Preparation of Space Debris Symposium for Jerusalem 2015 2. Exchanges 2. 1. Past events: workshops, conferences, congresses, … 2. 2. Ongoing 2. 3. On the Agenda 2. 4. New achievements 2. 5. Round table – Open discussion 3. IAA SG 5. 14 Situation Report Meeting restricted to Study Group members But new active members are welcome depending on thematics

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 1. IAA Space Debris Committee General frame: · Officially created within IAA in 2012 - Independent Committee - Permanent Committee - Attachment to Commission V questionable Actions of the Committee: - Position Paper on Orbital Debris in 1993, revised in 2000 - Position Paper SG 5. 1 on Space Debris Mitigation in 2006 - Position Paper SG 5. 5 on Space Debris Remediation in 2013 - Participation to SG 5. 10 on Orbital Debris Removal: Policy, Legal, Political and Economic considerations - Situation Report Paper SG 5. 14 ongoing, to be discussed today

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 1. IAA Space Debris Committee Terms of Reference (recall): Scope Coordination of all activities related to Space Debris within the Academy • Organization of the IAA Symposium on Space Debris A 6 for the IAC, proposals for Keynote Lectures within the A 6 Symposium, or Highlight Lectures in the more general IAC frame, • Organization of any stand-alone conference on Space Debris on behalf the Academy, • Coordination of the Academy sponsoring, participation and contribution to selected conferences dedicated to Space Debris, such as for instance the ESA Darmstadt Conference, • Coordination of the Space Debris contribution in conferences not dedicated to Space Debris, but where some sessions may be devoted to the topic, sponsored by the Academy, • Dissemination of information among the members of the Committee, mainly during regular meetings taking place twice a year, before the IAC and during the IAA March meetings in Paris.

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 1. IAA Space Debris Committee Membership: No need to be member of IAA ! - Members of the IAA A 6 Symposium Program Committee (chairs & rapporteurs) - Members of the Program Committee of other IAA sponsored conferences with Space Debris concerns - Members of Space Debris related working groups (IADC, UNCOPUOS, COSPAR, ISO …) - Academics, Labs, Universities, Industrials… working on the topic However, it is requested to be somehow “active”: - Participation to the meetings - Debriefing of activities during the meetings - Cross information with other members - Contribution to studies and reports Two meetings per year: - One just before each year’s IAC Includes the status of the sessions, workshops, round tables… of the week - One just before or during the IAC March Meeting in Paris Includes the pre-selection of the abstracts for the following IAC

International Academy of Astronautics Official membership: Co-Chairs: Christophe Bonnal Heiner Klinkrad Jer-Chyi Liou Committee Membership: Adimurthy Vipparthi Agapov Vladimir Ailor William H Akahoshi Yasuhiro Alby Fernand Anselmo Luciano Anz-Meador Phillip Berend Nicolas Brachet Gerard Christiansen Eric L Crowther Richard Dolado-Perez Juan-Carlos Finkleman David Flury Walter Francesconi Alessandro Ganeshan A S Hanada Toshiya 1. 1. IAA Space Debris Committee Hussey W John Hyde James Jah Moriba Johnson Nicholas L. Kelso T. S Kibe Seishiro Kouprianov Vladimir Krag Holger Krisko Paula H Matney Mark Mc. Knight Darren S Meshcheryakov Sergei A Mulrooney Mark Pardini Carmen Perek Lubos Piergentili Fabrizio Prasad MYS Schaefer Frank Schildknecht Thomas Seitzer Patrick Stansbery Gene Stokes Hedley van Breukelen Eddy D Wiedemann Carsten Anyone missing? Charlotte Mathieu Christian Cazaux Tanja Masson-Zwaan Tetsuo Yasaka Frank Di. Pentino Anyone to be remov None identified

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 2. Feedback from Beijing 2013 Statistics: -Based on available information, 3 rd most attended Symposia after C 1 (Astrodynamics) and A 3 (Space Exploration) - Good work of the Chairs and Rapporteurs, with only 5% No-Show: best score of the Congress according available information - 16 papers proposed for publication in Acta Astronautica - Note: it should have been a “low year” due to the 6 th Darmstadt conference

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 2. Feedback from Beijing 2013 Based on available, uncomplete, information Average… 90 oral in 2014 Good… Need to keep th

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 2. Feedback from Beijing 2013 Highly improvable!

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Number of IAC abstracts since 2008

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Geographic distribution of abstracts NORTH AMERICA EUROPE 779 abstracts (2 countries) – 756 abstracts 21, 8% (29 countries) – 21, 4% ASIA-PACIFIC 1884 abstracts (24 countries) – 52, 9% LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN 101 abstracts AFRICA 47 abstracts (8 countries) –

U ni Ch te in d St a at es G Ital er y m a C ny an ad a In di Ja a pa R n us U s ni te Fr ia Th d K an e N in ce et gdo he m rl an ds Sp ai Br n a N zil ig or er ea ia , R ep Ira ub n l A ic o us f tr a U lia kr a Be ine lg Pa ium ki st a So Tu n ut rk h ey A International Academy of Astronautics 900 700 600 400 300 200 196 194 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Distribution of abstracts per country 855 800 598 2013 500 181 166 179 141 145 118 68 59 54 53 46 45 39 35 21 21 21 0

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Abstracts per symposium 400 355 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 244 237 229 225 209 180 167 165 156 152 122 111 108 106 88 70 64 63 61

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Abstracts per session (top 22) 80 74 70 56 54 60 50 48 47 47 45 45 44 44 44 43 43 42 42 40 40 40 39 37 37 30 20 10 0 4 8 3 4 1 6 B 2 A 5 3 7 1 3 A 4 2 5 2 3 7 2 6 4 2

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Number of IAC abstracts submitted to Toronto 2014 Total Number of Abstracts Oral or Poster Oral Presentation Poster Presentation 3537 1966 1397 174 100% 55, 6% 39, 5% 4, 9% Status after the selection, IPC March 14 meeting Total Number of Abstracts Accepted Oral Presentation Poster Presentation 3537 2390 1833 557 100% 67, 6% 51, 8% 15, 7%

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Number of abstracts, Space Debris Symposium, since 2008 Status after the selection, IPC March 14 meeting Total Number of Abstracts 225 Accepted Oral Presentation Poster Presentation 172 90 84

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Number of sessions, Space Debris Symposium, since 2000 + Poster session, which is gaining importance

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium A 6: Space Debris Symposium Liou – Bonnal The Symposium will address the complete spectrum of technical issues of space debris: measurements, modelling, risk assessment in space and on the ground, reentry, hypervelocity impacts and protection, mitigation and standards, and Space Surveillance. A 6. 1: Measurements: Schildknecht – Agapov – Carroll This session will address advanced ground and space-based measurement techniques, relating processing methods, and results of space debris characterization. A 6. 2: Modelling and Risk Analysis: Anselmo – Liou – Hanada This session will address the characterization of the current and future debris population and methods for inorbit and on-ground risk assessments. The in-orbit analysis will cover collision risk estimates based on statistical population models and deterministic catalogues, and active avoidance. A 6. 3: Hypervelocity Impacts and Protection: Francesconi – Sen Liu – Schäfer The session will address passive protection, shielding and damage predictions. Shielding aspects will be supported by experimental and computational results of HVI tests. Use of HVI techniques for debris mitigation. A 6. 4: Mitigation and Standards: Cazaux – Klinkrad – Yakovlev or Molotov This session will focus on the definition and implementation of debris prevention and reduction measures and vehicle passive protection. The session will also address space debris mitigation guidelines and standards that exist already or are in preparation at the national or international level.

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium A 6. 5: Space Debris Removal Issues: Piergentili – Prasad – Bérend This session will address active removal techniques “ground and space based”, review potential solutions and identif implementation difficulties. A 6. 6: Space Debris Removal Concepts: Kibe – Di. Pentino – Bonnal This session will address active removal techniques “ground and space based”, review potential solutions and identif implementation difficulties. A 6. 7: Operations in Space Debris Environment, Situational Awareness: Kelso – Finkleman – Dolado-Perez This session will address the multiple aspects associated to safe operations in Space dealing with Space Debris, including operational observations, orbit determination, catalogue build-up and maintenance, data aggregation from different sources, relevant data exchanges standards and conjunction analyses. A 6. 8 (joint with Space Security Committee): Political, Legal, Institutional and Economic Aspects of Space Debris Mitigation and Removal Biddington – Mc. Knight – Mathieu This session will deal with the non-technical aspect of space debris mitigation and removal. Political, legal and institutional aspects includes role of IADC and UNCOPUOS and other multilateral bodies. Economic issues including insurance, financial incentives and funding for space debris mitigation and removal. The role of international cooperation in addressing these issues will be considered A 6. 9: Modelling and Orbit Determination Jah – Flegel – Lewis This session will address aspects of space debris orbit determination related to assessment of raw and derived data accuracy, optical measurements processing and modelling and risk analysis of space debris

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium As of Sep. 26 th A 6. 1: Measurements: 10 papers – 1 withdrawn – 7 loaded – 8 confirmed – 4 presentation – 1 ? A 6. 2: Modeling and Risk Analysis: 10 papers – 1 withdrawn – 8 loaded – 9 confirmed – 7 presentations A 6. 3: Hyper Velocity Impacts and Protection: 12 papers – 3 withdrawn – 8 loaded – 8 confirmed – 5 presentations + ? additional A 6. 4: Mitigation and Standards: 10 papers – 1 withdrawn – 9 loaded – 8 confirmed – 7 presentations + 2 additional A 6. 5: Space Debris Removal Issues: 10 papers – 1 withdrawn – 8 loaded – 9 confirmed – 7 presentations – 1 ? A 6. 6: Space Removal Concepts 11 papers – 2 withdrawn – 9 loaded – 9 confirmed – 4 presentations A 6. 7: Operations in Space Debris environment, Space Situational Awareness: 10 papers – 1 withdrawn – 8 loaded – 8 confirmed – 6 presentations A 6. 8 : Political, Legal, Institutional and Economic Aspects of Space Debris Mitigation and Removal: 7 papers – 1 withdrawn – 5 loaded – 5 confirmed – 2 presentations (+ 1 hour moderated debate) A 6. 9: Modelling and Orbit Determination: 10 papers – 0 withdrawn – 8 loaded – 9 confirmed – 8 presentation – 1 ? A 6. P: Space Debris: Posters 84 papers – 23 withdrawn – 38 loaded Total without Posters: 90 papers – 11 withdrawn – 70 loaded – 72 confirmed – 38 presentations – 3 ?

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Poster competition A 6: 84 selected posters, 16 withdrawn, 35 not uploaded in time for competition, 33 competitors, 3 good finalists!

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Don’t miss the Poster award, room 718 B + Poster session and cocktail !. . .

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Nice large room 801 B for all the sessions: 120 seats

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Recall of a few basic rules ð ð No paper, no show: ð check that the paper is effectively loaded before the session No show, no paper: ð If the author doesn't present, the paper will be removed from proceedings ð Status of the presenters: ð Are we sure the authors will show up ? ð Do we have their short bios ? ð Try to contact them and ask to come 15’ in advance to check that everything is OK, Powerpoint, Videos… ð Timing may be critical ! ð Please, do not overpass the standard 3 hours, except if there is nothing after ð Have clear rules explained to speakers in advance ð Keep time for Q&A ð Publications: no dedicated IAC issue of Acta Astronautica any more ð Selection of 2 or 3 best papers, if any ! ð Chairs and Rapporteurs may be asked to act as Peer Reviewers

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 3. Toronto 2014 A 6 Symposium Report on IAA contribution to IAC • • The goal is to deliver a global IAA report on results from the IAC, to be released outside through the web, a newsletter, or any other media to be discussed An e-mail has been sent to the Symposium Coordinators, asking for their inputs, and recommending to use the following process : - - Symposium Coordinators shall gather these inputs, check that there is no problem w them, and add some additional comments on the overall Symposium if any - Send the resulting package to the Academy IAC Technical Coordinator (November • Ask session co-chairs and rapporteurs to write one or two pages on the scientific an technical content of their sessions (only the main findings) and to send it to the Coordinators either during the congress or just after (November 3) If these contributions are sent in due time, the global IAC Summary report shall be ready for SAC for approval on December 8 This report will be a high added value for the Symposium Coordinators in terms o visibility, for the Academy members and other people visiting our website in terms

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 4. Space Debris Symposium Jerusalem 201 A 6: Space Debris Symposium Liou – Bonnal The Symposium will address the complete spectrum of technical issues of space debris: measurements, modelling, risk assessment in space and on the ground, reentry, hypervelocity impacts and protection, mitigation and standards, and Space Surveillance. A 6. 1: Measurements: Di. Pentino - Schildknecht – Agapov This session will address advanced ground and space-based measurement techniques, relating processing methods, and results of space debris characterization. A 6. 2: Modelling and Risk Analysis: Pardini – Sorge – Flegel This session will address the characterization of the current and future debris population and methods for inorbit and on-ground risk assessments. The in-orbit analysis will cover collision risk estimates based on statistical population models and deterministic catalogues, and active avoidance. A 6. 3: Hypervelocity Impacts and Protection: Fitz-Coy – Schäfer – Francesconi The session will address passive protection, shielding and damage predictions. Shielding aspects will be supported by experimental and computational results of HVI tests. Use of HVI techniques for debris mitigation. A 6. 4: Mitigation and Standards: Krag – Cazaux – Kato This session will focus on the definition and implementation of debris prevention and reduction measures and vehicle passive protection. The session will also address space debris mitigation guidelines and standards that exist already or are in preparation at the national or international level.

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 4. Space Debris Symposium Jerusalem 201 A 6. 5: Space Debris Removal Issues: Prasad – Piergentili – Santoni This session will address active removal techniques “ground and space based”, review potential solutions and identify implementation difficulties. A 6. 6: Space Debris Removal Concepts: Berend – Kawamoto – Liou This session will address active removal techniques “ground and space based”, review potential solutions and identify implementation difficulties. A 6. 7: Operations in Space Debris Environment, Situational Awareness: Kelso – Dolado-Perez – Finkleman This session will address the multiple aspects associated to safe operations in Space dealing with Space Debris, including operational observations, orbit determination, catalogue build-up and maintenance, data aggregation from different sources, relevant data exchanges standards and conjunction analyses. A 6. 8 (joint with Space Security Committee): Political, Legal, Institutional and Economic Aspects of Space Debris Mitigation and Removal Biddington – Mc. Knight – Mathieu This session will deal with the non-technical aspect of space debris mitigation and removal. Political, legal and institutional aspects includes role of IADC and UNCOPUOS and other multilateral bodies. Economic issues including insurance, financial incentives and funding for space debris mitigation and removal. The role of international cooperation in addressing these issues will be considered A 6. 9: Orbit Determination and Propagation Jah – Klinkrad – Lewis This session will address aspects of space debris orbit determination related to assessment of raw and derived data accuracy, optical measurements processing and modelling and risk analysis of space debris

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 4. Space Debris Symposium Jerusalem 201

International Academy of Astronautics 1. 4. Space Debris Symposium Jerusalem 201 • Proposal for a Plenary Event or a Highlight Lecture We should organize ourselves to be capable of proposing a Plenary Event or a Highlight Lecture in Jerusalem - It requires a good preparation Thematics, title, organization (Who? Moderator? Round table? . . . ) Proposal to be made before March meeting Ideas are due within a couple of monthes • Should we try a joint session? - With Satellite users B 1, B 2, … or Space Transportation D 2 relative on end of life operations? With Small Satellite B 4, mainly on very small satellites operations? May be complex as we need to have 9 good papers, or 6 + a good round-table… Decided not to during the meeting

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 1. Past events • 32 nd IADC in Beijing - 12 to 14 May 2014 - 110 delegates from 11 agencies (Ukraine was absent, but South Korea was there for the 1 st tim - Numerous new Action Items and Internal Actions - SG meeting on Wednesday Oct. 1 st - Final Reports on the “public” space of the IADC web site http: //www. iadc-online. org/ • 40 th COSPAR in Moscow - See dedicated presentation in Appendix 1 • IISL-ECSL Space Law Symposium 2014 - See following pages • ESA e. Deorbit Symposium 5 May 2014 - See following pages • 3 rd European Workshop on space debris modeling and remediati - See dedicated presentation in Appendix 2

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 1. Past events IISL-ECSL Space Law Symposium 2014

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 1. Past events ESA e. Deorbit Symposium 5 May 2014

International Academy of Astronautics • 2. 2. Ongoing SG 5. 10 Orbital Debris Removal: Policy, Legal, Political and Economic considerations Dedicated meeting on Sunday 28 th See Appendix 4

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 2. Ongoing • IAA Academy Day presentation - Presentation Sunday 28 September by Darren Mc. Knight Hall G 16: 45 to 17: 15 - Open to all, don’t miss it

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 3. On the agenda • 7 th IAASS - See following pages • 6 th EUCASS in Krakow - See following pages • International Conjunction Assessment Workshop - CNES-HQ, Paris, May 19 -20, 2015 See description in Appendix 5 • Laser Debris Remediation (Polytechnique - under definition) - Tentatively December 2014 – February 2015 • GOCE workshop 25 -28 november (UNESCO Paris) - Elements of reentry predictions (altitudes below 100 km) If interested, please contact Holger Krag. Details on GOCE workshop: www. goce 2014. org

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 3. On the agenda

International Academy of Astronautics Sessions chaired by Luciano Anselmo 2. 3. On the agenda

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 4. New achievements • Astrodynamics Innovation Committee - See Appendix 6 • COPUOS: Long Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities (LTSSA) - See Appendix 7

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 4. New achievements • ISO standards status - Following ISO TC 20/SC 14 Orbital Debris Working Group (WG 7) meeting in Tokyo, May 26 -30,

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 4. New achievements

International Academy of Astronautics 2. 5. Round table – Open discussion • Orbital lifetime evaluation for GTO objects - The complexity of such computations, requiring a statistical approach, is recalled and debated during the meeting. As a reference, the paper in Appendix 8 describes the proposed methodology

International Academy of Astronautics 3. IAA SG 5. 14 Situation Report Goal Reference status of the Space Debris problematic, acting as an update of the IAA Position Papers 1993 and Revision fr 2001, taking into account the IAA Position Papers on Space Debris Mitigation (SG 5. 1) and on Space Debris Remediati (SG 5. 5). Available elements from on-going SG 5. 10 devoted to Policy, Legal and Economic Issues in Orbital Debris Removal will also be included. Structure 1. Introduction, recall of scope and past studies: Christophe Bonnal – Darren Mc. Knight 2. Present status: Heiner Klinkrad 3. Measurements: Thomas Schildknecht & Vladimir Agapov 4. Space surveillance & collision: Christian Cazaux, Dave Finkelman, Fernand Alby 5. Reentering space objects: Holger Krag? & Marlon Sorge? 6. Future environment: Paula Krisko 7. Debris mitigation: Manuel Metz, J-C. Liou & MYS Prasad 8. Remediation: Darren Mc. Knight & Seishiro Kibe 9. Protection: Franck Schäfer 10. Legal: Tanja Masson-Zwaan 11. References & Standards: Christophe Bonnal 12. International aspects: Charlotte Mathieu & MYS Prasad Status prior to today: to be revised First Draft in Toronto reviewed within the September meeting of the IAA Space Debris Committee 4 pages 10 pages 10 pages 10 pages 6 pages