Intergalactic transmission and its impact on the Lyman

Intergalactic transmission and its impact on the Lyman a line Peter Laursen Potsdam, 2011 www. dark-cosmology. dk/~pela Oskar Klein Centre | Inst. för Astronomi | Stockholms Universitet

Lyman modeling Theoretically Numerically Osterbrock (1962) Adams (1972) Harrington (1973) Neufeld (1990, 1991) Loeb & Rybicky (1999) Dijkstra+ (2006) Auer (1965) Avery & House (1968) Loeb & Rybicky (1999) Ahn et al. (2001, 2002) Zheng & Miralda-Escudé (2002) Cantalupo+ (2005) Dijkstra+ (2006) Hansen & Oh (2006) Tasitsiomi (2006) Verhamme+ (2006) Laursen+ (2007, 2009) Barnes+ (2010, 2011) Zheng+ (2010, 2011) 2

Standard approach • Ignore • Remove blue half • Reduce full line by some factor e– 3

Numerical approach Cosmological N-body+hydro simulation (SPH, Sommer-Larsen et al. 2003, 2006) + ionizing UV RT (Razoumov & Sommer-Larsen 2006, 2007) + hi-res resimulations of interesting regions + galactic Monte Carlo Ly RT with dust + IGM RT 4

Galactic RT – MOCALATA* Each cell: n. HI, n. HII, T, vbulk, LLy , Zi ⇒nd * PL et al. 2009, Ap. J, 696, 853 and 2009, Ap. J, 704, 1640 5

Galactic RT – MOCALATA* No scattering * With scattering PL et al. 2009, Ap. J, 696, 853 and 2009, Ap. J, 704, 1640 Including dust 6

Galactic RT – MOCALATA* * PL et al. 2009, Ap. J, 696, 853 and 2009, Ap. J, 704, 1640 7

Intergalactic RT – IGMTRANSFER* * PL et al. 2011, Ap. J, 728, 52; the code can be downloaded from www. dark-cosmology. dk/~pela/IGMtransfer. html 8

Intergalactic RT – IGMTRANSFER* * PL et al. 2011, Ap. J, 728, 52; the code can be downloaded from www. dark-cosmology. dk/~pela/IGMtransfer. html 9

Intergalactic RT – IGMTRANSFER* * PL et al. 2011, Ap. J, 728, 52; the code can be downloaded from www. dark-cosmology. dk/~pela/IGMtransfer. html 10

Intergalactic RT – IGMTRANSFER* z = 3. 5 * PL et al. 2011, Ap. J, 728, 52; the code can be downloaded from www. dark-cosmology. dk/~pela/IGMtransfer. html 11

Intergalactic RT – IGMTRANSFER* z = 5. 8 * PL et al. 2011, Ap. J, 728, 52; the code can be downloaded from www. dark-cosmology. dk/~pela/IGMtransfer. html 12

Intergalactic RT – IGMTRANSFER* z = 6. 5 * PL et al. 2011, Ap. J, 728, 52; the code can be downloaded from www. dark-cosmology. dk/~pela/IGMtransfer. html 13

Transmission function 14

Density field Velocity field The origin of the dip 15

Impact on the Ly profile z = 3. 5 Spectrum escaping galaxy Transmission function Observed spectrum 16

Impact on the Ly profile z = 3. 5 17

Impact on the Ly profile z = 5. 8 18

Impact on the Ly profile z = 6. 5 19

Transmitted fraction z = 3. 5 20

Transmitted fraction z = 5. 8 21

Transmitted fraction z = 6. 5 22

Alternative to outflow model? z=3– 4 ? Verhamme et al. 2008, A&A, 491, 89 23

Probing the very first galaxies z = 8. 8 Ultra-VISTA PIs Jim Dunlop, Marijn Franx, Johan Fynbo, & Olivier Le. Fèvre 24

Probing the very first galaxies z = 8. 8 Compare with Dijkstra & Wyithe 2010, MNRAS, 408, 352: ~5% 25

Probing the Epoch of Reionization Songaila 2004, Ap. J, 127, 2598 43

Probing the Epoch of Reionization 44

Summary • IGM absorption may explain at least some of the asymmetric Ly profiles • Transmitted fractions are 0. 77+17 at z = 3. 5 – 34 0. 26+13 at z = 5. 8 – 18 0. 20+12 at z = 6. 5 – 18 0. 05+? ? at z = 8. 8 –? ? • Reionization may have initiated earlier than probed by WMAP 28

Extra stuff 29

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Extra stuff With Hannes Jensen (OKC), Garrelt Mellema (OKC), Ilian Iliev (U. of Sussex), & Paul Shapiro (U. of Texas) 31

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Extra stuff 33