Intelligent and Green? Smart Homes and Sustainability from a User Perspective Michael Ornetzeder Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI) Harald Rohracher Inter-University Research Centre for Technology, Work and Culture (IFF/IFZ) IAPS 18, Vienna 2004
Guiding Questions • What is the potential of building automation to contribute to sustainability in buildings? (with a focus on Austrian situation) • How do potential users perceive sustainable applications of Smart Homes? How are people actually using these technologies? • How could user perspectives be better integrated into the design of smart homes?
Smart Home • ICTs have been installed to help control a variety of functions and to provide communications with the world outside • Combination of appliances, information technology and services into integrated concepts
e. Box Load Management
The Kitchen Project
Research Strategy • Socio-technical mapping of Smart Homes – Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders (producers, builders, energy experts): Critical issues – Interviews with people living in Smart Homes: Practices of use – Focus groups with users of sustainable buildings • Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA) – Integrating various actor groups into design process – Joint vision building – Three consecutive workshops with ‘smart home’ producers and suppliers; architects; energy experts; consumer associations + follow up in focus groups
A Socio-Technical System in Disarray • Smart Homes and energy efficient buildings are focal points of rather separated communities • ‚Ecologists‘ in the first place think of many other (more effective) measures to save energy • Producers: guiding vision of high-tech ‚automobile‘ (command control) • Task to build smart and at the same time highly energy efficient homes is regarded as too complex (for a broader market) • Difficult to ‚transport‘ use-value of technology
User Perspectives • Energy issues from a users’ point of view – Users are often interested in energy saving, but it‘s not decisive for the installation of SH – Energy feedback (visualisation) is seen as an interesting tool, but few people would pay for it – Scepticism about load management (not many potentials, restriction of autonomy) • Focus on ‘single’ uses, no need for integrated solutions • Concern about data security issues (Internet etc. ) • For ‚Smart Home‘-supporters energy saving often is important at a rhetorical level - comfort, security, and safety is much more decisive
Intelligent and Green? • Potential energy efficiency applications of Smart Homes do exist • However, with present conditions such uses do not seem very likely – No alignment of innovation players – Users hardly see added value of Smart Homes – Other uses more interesting than energy efficiency (potential drivers for wide dissemination) • Challenges for R&D policy – Keeping options open for energy applications – Gaining experiences with practices of use
Michael Ornetzeder Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI) Linke Wienzeile 246 1150 Vienna, Austria ornetzeder@zsi. at www. zsi. at
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