INSTRUMENTATION • DMPS – Humidifier DIFFERENTIAL MOBITY PARTICLE SIZER dry particles • H-TDMA – wet particles HYGRSCOPIC TANDEM DMA • Measures diameter hygroscopic growth at COUNTER CCNsub-saturations: – CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI COUNTER
New Lund H-TDMA now under construction • Active temperature control on both DMAs (excellent RH stability) • Closed-loop sheath air on both DMAs (no compressor needed) • Scanning DMA 2 voltage, not stepping (better time resolution) CPC DMA 1 box DMA 2 box CPC DMA 2 box DMA 1 driers Front view Side view
TDMA systems on ASCOS 2008 • • H-TDMA (Hygroscopicity, Lund Univ. ) UFO-TDMA (Ultrafine Organic, Kuopio Univ. ) V-TDMA (Volatility, IFT Leipzig) VH-TDMA (Volatility – Hygroscopicity, Queensland Univ. )
VH-TDMA • Look in situ at particle hygroscopicity before during and after volatilisation. humidify Select Size D 0 DT: H GT: H= Examine DT: H/DT size Heat Hydrophobic DT Hydrophilic Examine size
LABORATORY: OPC – Volatility LABORATORY: SMPS – Volatility • Determines size segregated aerosol composition and mixing mode. • 1 Hz, 32 chan, PMS PCASP preceded by 500 W heater • Size range: 0. 05 < R < 5 µm • Temperature range: 70 < T < 800 ºC • Temperature scan duration: 15 minutes • Flow rate: 0. 12 l/min • Power: 240 VAC • Determines size segregated aerosol composition and mixing mode. • 64 chan SMPS, built in house using TSI Long column, preceded by 500 W heater. • Size range: ~10 < R < ~240 nm • Temperature range: Laboratory < T < 800ºC (user defined 50ºC increments) • Sample flow: 1 l/min, Sheath flow: 6 – 10 l/min • SMPS scan duration: 2. 5 minutes • Delay for temperature stabilisation: 2 minutes • Contains AM 241 radiation source LABORATORY: CPC – TSI 3025 • 1 Hz Concentration: R > 3 nm • Flow rate: 1. 5 l/min, Power: 240 VAC LABORATORY: OPC – PMS PCASP • 1 Hz, 32 chan, number concentration: 0. 05 < R < 5 µm • Flow rate: 0. 12 l/min, Power: 240 VAC HELICOPTER: CLASP • 10 Hz, 16 chan, Optical Particle Counter • Size range: 0. 12 < R < 9 µm • Flow rate: 3 l/min • Power: 24 VDC • Coms Protocol: RS 485 • Size: 24 x 8 x 6 cm, 0. 5 kg
VOC Ammonium sulphate ? Ammonium bisulphate
Helicopter Vertical profiling • Gases (PTR-MS, Univ. Innsbruck) • Particles (Univ. Lund, Stockholm) Inlet for aerosols and gases
Aerosol inlet Gas inlet
CPC UCPC OPC Pump Aerosol inlet Aerosol rack
AOE-2001 Helicopter Aerosol System Aerosol Instrumentation Rack PC TSI UCPC 3025: Dp > 3 nm TSI CPC 3760 A: Dp > 15 nm CLIMET OPC CI 500: Dp > 300 nm CPC UCPC OPC Pump Aerosol inlet Isokinetic at 70 km/h
Time Resolution 1 Hz Good Altitude Resolution Ultrafine Particle Concentrations (Dp < 15 nm) Flight #23, 8 August 2001, 88. 3 N Arctic Boundary Layer Height at 350 m
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