Institut IGH d d The Developement of Motorway

Institut IGH d. d. The Developement of Motorway network in Croatia Goran Puž, Ph. D, civ. eng.

Institut IGH d. d. The Developement of Motorway network in Croatia 1. Background 2. History 3. Strategy 4. Design 5. Construction 6. Structures 7. Financing 8. Impacts (sustainability) 9. Future

Institut IGH d. d. 1. Background Pannonian lowlands eastern edges of the Alps Basic facts - Croatian mainland covers 56, 542 km 2 - population 4, 4 mil. inhabitants. - independent state since 1991. Danube Dinara mountain range Adriatic Sea • three large geographic regions in Croatia have different geomorphological and climatic characteristics

Institut IGH d. d. 1. Background Geotraffic position of Croatia in European inland maritime traffic routes

Institut IGH d. d. 2. History First motorways: 1970 Initially: accent on longitudinal axes neglected transversal axes – maritime orientation Until 1991: 357 km of motorways and semi-motorways

Institut IGH d. d. 2. History Motorway network: the biggest engineering venture in Croatia since its independence - 1991 to 1998: very few construction projects - intensive production of studies and design documents - project start: 1998 - 2001 - accelerated construction: from 2001 to 2009 more than 700 km of new motorways average: 80 km per year

Institut IGH d. d. 3. Strategy STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENTS Zoning Strategy of the Republic of Croatia Traffic Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia, 1999: 1500 km of motorways goals: • accessibility, • capacity • connection of the entire national territory • economic growth • transit traffic • connection to the European traffic network

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Institut IGH d. d. 4. Design The perception of space as a basic national resource is rapidly gaining momentum, and so the care about interaction between developed space and its surroundings is becoming increasingly important in the design work.

Institut IGH d. d. 4. Design Protection criteria: - Avoiding valuable construction, agricultural or forest land - Keeping safe water protection areas - Not affecting the urban environment - Avoiding protected natural preserves or cultural – historical sights

Institut IGH d. d. 4. Design Full scale motorway: Design speed 120 km/h 100 km/h - mountains

Institut IGH d. d. 4. Design Service stations: Rest areas: 124 – every 20 km Rest areas with filling station: 75 – every 31 km Caffe bars: 90 – every 28 km Restaurants: 17 - every 138 km Hotels: 7 Maintenance and Trafic Control Centres: 23

Institut IGH d. d. 4. Design Traffic safety: safest tunnels in European Tunnel Assessment Programme – Euro TAP Brinje 2007.