994345602dc4a51e06a4de38c1b98d75.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 20
Inspection on farms – experiences from Denmark The danish approach to IPPC on livestock farming by Peter Dorff Hansen Environmental Division Ringsted Municipality
Main environmental problems • • • Odour problem (from the farm or the field) Noise (animals, transport, field) Surface water (manure/slurry) Groundwater (pesticides, oil, manure/slurry) Emissions of ammonia gas (nature) Emissions of greenhouse gases (CO 2, CH 4)
Regulation in relation to…. . • • • Regional planning - County Council Terms in approval - Municipality BREF-note (Best Available Techniques) National legal notice – EPA Case to case assessment and decision in relation to pollution prevention
Regional Planning • Assesment of environmental impact from project in relation to: Nature, culture/landscape, groundwater, rivers/lakes etc. • Council Directive 85/337/EEC of 27 June 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment
Environmental approval • • • Size, type and composition of livestock Activities and techniques Odour assesment Noise assesment Wastewater treatment
Size and composition of livestock • • Capacity of farm - size of buildings Production level Composition of animals (weight, number) Documentation on production level (deliverance to slaughtery)
Activities and techniques • • • Map of location (buildings, size, function) Housing system – heating, ventilation Feeding system Drinkwater supply Storagesystem for manure/slurry
Odour assesment Emission on odour depends on: • Type of livestock • Size of livestock • Outside temperature (climate) • (Feeding system, technology, handling…)
Odour emissions from livestock (unit/sec pr. 1000 kg) Species Average emission Worst case (summer) Cattle Poultry 25 80 40 120 Pigs Piglet Fattening pig Sow 140 100 40 210 150 60
Differencies in tolerance • Area no. I: Town areas • Area no. II: Villages • Area no. III: Rural areas (1 unit/m 3) (3 unit/m 3) (10 unit/m 3) • Example on odour assessment based on ”Guidelines on assessment of odour and reducing of inconviniences from livestocks”
Noise assesment – guidelines on accepted noiselevel in rural areas Monday – Friday 7. 00 -18. 00 Saturday 7. 0014. 00 55 d. B (A) Monday – Friday 18. 00 -22. 00 Saturday 14. 0022. 00 Sunday 7. 0022. 00 45 d. B (A) All days 22. 00 -7. 00 45 d. B (A) – (max. 55 d. B (A) )
Wastewater treatment • Individual approval on wastewater • Oil separated and led to closed tank • Spread on fields – on certain conditions
Applied techniques and BAT • The intensive Rearing of Poultry and Pigs BREF (Best Available Techniques reference document), July 2003 • http: //europa. eu. int/comm/environment/ippc /brefs/ilf_final_0703. pdf
Danish EPA Legal notice on livestock farming • Limits on distance • Restrictions on handling and storage of manure and slurry • Limits on density of animals pr. hectare • Restrictions on handling and storage of chemicals • Obligation on inform in case of changes/expanding
Limits on distance • • > 50 meters to neighbors Only in rural areas (not town/village areas) More than 300 m to village Demands on distance to watersupply, rivers, public roads, buildings, food industry
Handling and storage of manure/slurry • Min. 9 month storage capacity • Demands on storage construction and control • Cover on storage • Restriction on spreading (not in weekends, not from harvest to february) • Demands to spreading equipment
Limits on density of animals Demands on owned field area: • < 4200 pigs 25 % • 4200 - 8750 pigs 60 % • > 8750 pigs 100 % Demands on harmonie livestock/field size: • Max. 49 pigs pr. hectare
Restrictions in relation to chemicals • • Education and certificate for user Updated list on approved pesticides Safe storage Cleaning in field
New techniques – coming up • Acid additives to slurry – Saving nutrient (Ammonia – NH 3) • Biofilter – air cleaning system • Ozone – air cleaning system
Final Remarks • To day - Most environmental problems can/must be solved at the moment of location and/or changes • In future – assesment on effect of new techniques (experiences and documentation)