Industrial Revolution Economic Growth BY MR HARNELL

Industrial Revolution: Economic Growth BY MR. HARNELL

Industrial Revolution Starts in New England States Bad Soil Willing to leave farming

New England Advantages Rushing rivers for power Near Coal supplies (steam power) Excellent Ports

Turning Point in History Let’s watch about the Turning Points in History

James Watt 1775 Steam Engine

Factories Samuel Slater worked in a British factory Snuck out of the country in 1789 Built a textile mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island

New Technology Eli Whitney invented (1794): Cotton Gin He got a Patent—Exclusive right to an invention or product How inventions changed the world cotton gin

Cotton demand increased As demand for cotton increased, the demand for slaves increased Slavery was here to stay (for a while longer)

New Technology Eli Whitney invented interchangeable parts Can be mass produced, with less skilled workers!

Factories Francis Cabot Lowell-1814 built a textile plant in Massachusetts- Power Loom From raw material to finished product all under one roof

Start of the Industrial Revolution— historic development where people left their homes to work in factories to produce goods—mass production Technology is at the center of the change

Growth of Cities The Growth of factories caused towns to quickly grow into cities Problems with cities

Problems with Cities Sewage Disease Wood buildings—Fire Crowded living conditions

Farms in America Most people were still farmers Farms in Northeast were small Southern plantations were large and dependent on slaves Cotton was King in the South Production of cotton soared after invention of Cotton Gin

Economic Terms Capitalist- a person who invests Capitalism-Economic system of investors

Moving West: “American System” Issues with early transportation: Needed better Roads. Poor roads Long, slow, dangerous

Clay’s American System: Travel by Road Turnpikes & Toll roads—pay a fee to use the roads National Road—Connected East with Ohio Connected East Coast with Ohio, later Indiana, Illinois

National Road: Cumberland Road

Travel by River Fast (if going downstream) Smooth Lots of goods can be transported

River Problems Most rivers did not head East to West Traveling upstream proved slow & difficult

Robert Fulton invented the Steamboat in 1802 Fast and comfortable His boat’s name was the Clermont. A trip on the Hudson River once took 4 days now took 32 hours

Canals Boats were dependent on Rivers New York—Clinton De. Witt—group of businessmen and government officials Agreed to dig a Canal from New York City to the Great Lakes

Erie Canal 363 Miles long—Mostly Irish workers Opened in 1825— 40 Feet Wide, 4 Feet Deep, Dug by hand Its success lead to the digging of others…

The Erie Canal Let’s watch a video how the Erie Canal Changed America!

Oliver Evans: Year 1804 Inventor of the High Pressure Steam Engine

Peter Cooper Year of Invention: 1825 Steam Locomotive: “Tom Thumb”

Samuel F. B. Morse Year of Invention: 1838 Wired Communication System The Morse Code

Cyrus Mc. Cormick Year: 1834 Invention: Mechanical Reaper (Harvests Crops in the Field)

Elias Howe Year of the Invention: 1846 Inventor of the Sewing Machine

Henry Bessemer Year of the Invention: 1850 -1858 Invention: Steel Making Process

Isaac Singer Year: 1850 Perfected the Sewing Machine (up and down) 900 stitches per minute.

John Deere Year: 1837 Inventor of the Steel Plow (Horse Drawn) What Color was it?

Nikola Tesla Year: 1880’s Perfected electricity in the U. S. (Alternating Current) AC/DC

Alexander G. Bell Year: 1876 Inventor of the telephone

Joseph Glidden Year: 1874 Barbed Wire Fencing: Cheap

George Fuller Year: 1887 Designer and builder of the first modern skyscrapers

Elisha Otis Year: 1853 Inventor of the safety device for elevators

Election of 1816 James Monroe Elected President (First Time)

Election of 1820 Monroe Wins Re-Election

Monroe’s Presidency “Era of Good Feelings” Strong sense of Nationalism We had won the War of 1812—on our own! Known as the second war for independence We were a united America A time for peace and prosperity Some sectionalism (loyalty to your region)

Important politicians of the early 1800’s John C. Calhoun- South Carolina Senator— Supporter of State’s Rights (states stronger than national gov’t). Didn’t like a high tariff—hurt the South w/ high priced imports The only thing creepier than John C. Calhoun’s hair is Mr. Gookins!

Important politicians of the early 1800’s Daniel Webster- Massachusetts Senator-great speaker—believed in high tariff (helped the North)

Important politicians of the early 1800’s Henry Clay- Kentucky -House of Representatives- Westerner—wanted internal improvements—Known at the ”Great Compromiser”

Tariff- Tax placed on a good coming into the country Tariff $30, 000 $0 (made in America) $500 (made in Japan)꞊ $30, 000 $30, 500

Missouri wants statehood Admitting New states became an issue—must keep slave and free states equal Missouri wanted to join the Union in 1820 Free or Slave? It would throw off the balance of slave vs. Free states

Missouri Compromise Henry Clay’s idea: Missouri would join as a slave state Maine would join as a free state Never have slavery above the 36◦ 30’ N parallel

American System-1820 Henry Clay’s idea: American System

Relations with Great Britain-1818 Set the Northern Border at the 49 th Parallel Settled the dispute over the Oregon Territory

Disputes with Spain-- 1818 Andrew Jackson—Attacked the Seminole Indians in Florida (went across the boarder into Spanish Territory) siezed 2 Spanish Forts

Treaty with Spain--1819 Adams- Onis Treaty (John Quincy Adams and Luis de Onis Spanish Foreign Minister) U. S. Got Florida from Spain Settled the boarder in the West $5 million to Spain Onis JQ Adams

Monroe Doctorine--1823 President Monroe: The U. S. Would not interfere with any existing European colonies in the Americas, but we will not permit new ones in the Western Hemisphere—No more European Colonization in the Americas! Became known as the Monroe Doctorine

Monroe Doctorine