Inductive Bible Study Reviews Date 01 08 06 Reviews

Inductive Bible Study Reviews Date: 01/08/06

Reviews on Inductive Bible Study w Inductive Method 歸納法 – 各種事實---帶我們到---一個結論 w There are 3 principles – Observation (What do I see? ) – Interpretation (What does it mean? ) – Application (How does it apply to me? )

Observation w Facts finding by using 5 Ws and 1 H – – – Who? What? When? Where? Why? How? w Identify keywords and key phrases that leads to theme of a book or passage.

Interpretation: The Search for Meaning w NOT what I think, what I feel or what other people have said w BUT what God’s Word says. w Sometimes, interpretation flows out of observations naturally. w Cults and Heresies are often results of interpreting God’s Words.

Interpretation: The Search for Meaning w Principles to interpret the Bible accurately – Context rules – Always seek the full counsel of the Bible (Scripture will never contradict Scripture) – Interpret scripture according to the literary style. (Discourse, Gospels, Narrative, Poetry, Apocalyptic, etc) w Author and Historical Background w Word Study – The use of Exhaustive Concordance w Cross reference – let scripture interprets scripture

Application w James 1: 22 -25 “只是你們要行道、不要單單聽道、自己欺哄自己．因為聽道而不行道的、就像人對著鏡子看自己本來的面目．看見、走後、隨即忘了他的相貌如何。惟有詳細察看那全備使人自由之律法的、並且時常如此、這人既不是聽了就忘、乃是實在行出來、就在他所行的事上必然得福。”

Application w The “So what? ” and “Now what? ” Questions. w How does the meaning of this passage apply to me? w What truths am I to embrace, believe, or order my life by? w What changes should I make in my belief, in my life?

Survey on Matthew Date: 01/08/06

The Gospel of Matthew w Introduction w Key information w Structure and outline w Theme and Theological purpose w Characteristics of Matthew w Matthew’s use of the OT

Introduction w The gospel according to Matthew has been one of the most important books ever written: – It heads the four gospels and it forms a bridge between the O. T and N. T. – It was one of most read books in the Bible – It has profound influence on the early and today’s church – It has the fullest and the most systemic account of the life and the teachings of Jesus. – It has the unique combination of Jesus’ life, teachings and theological theme of Jesus as the Messiah. – It has great impacts on literature, music and fine arts due to many favorite Matthew’s text (e. g. the Lord’s Prayer, the Beatitudes, etc)

Key Information w Author: Matthew (Levi), a former tax collector who becomes Jesus disciple. w Date Written: Probably from A. D 60 - 65 w Key Places: Bethlehem, Jerusalem, Capernaum, Galilee, Judea w Characteristic: Matthew is filled with Messianic language (“Son of David” is used throughout) and O. T. references (53 quotes and 76 other references). This Gospel was not written as a chronological (按年代序的 )account; its purpose was to present the clear evidence that Jesus is the Messiah, the Savior, the King.

Matthew Structure w In Matthew, a noticeable artistic arrangement of the material in groups of five. w Each of the five groups contains a “narrative section” (Jesus ministering) followed by a “lesson section” (Jesus teaching). w Here is the Fivefold narrative-discourse arrangement of Matthew:

Matthew Structure Ch. 1, 2 Introduction: Infancy stories I. Ch. 3 -7 Early ministry of Jesus A. Narrative: Galilean ministry (Ch 3, 4) B. Discourse: Sermon on the Mount (Ch 5 -7) II. Ch 8 -10 Ministry of healing: Discipleship A. Narrative: Healing ministry (8: 1 -9: 34) B. Discourse: Mission of the disciples (9: 35 -10: 42) III. Ch 11 -13: 52 Second ministry in Galilee A. Traveling and healing (Ch 11, 12) B. Discourse: Teaching in parables (13: 1 -52) IV. Ch 13: 43 -18: 35 Mission and miracles A. Narrative: Life of the Church (13: 53 -17: 27) B. Discourse: Church discipline (18: 1 -35) V. Ch 19 -25 Ministry in Judea A. Narrative: Teaching and healing (Ch 19 -22) B. Discourse: Woes on Pharisees/Eschatology (Ch 23 -25) Ch 26 -28 Conclusion: Death & Resurrection of Jesus Christ

Matthew Outlines w The coming of the King (1: 1 -4: 16) The royal genealogy (1: 1 -17) The birth of King Jesus (1: 18 -25) The visit of the wise men (2: 1 -12) Escape into Egypt and slaughter of the innocents (2: 13 -23) – John the Baptist announces and baptizes the king (3: 1 -17) – The temptation of the King in the wilderness (4: 1 -11) – –

Matthew Outlines w The Ministry of the King, the Preaching of the Kingdom (4: 12 -16: 20) – Jesus calls His disciples and ministers in Galilee (4: 12 -25) – The Sermon on the Mount (5 -7) • The Beatitudes (5: 1 -16) • Jesus’ commentary on the law, murder, adultery, divorce, oaths, forgiveness, love, charity, prayer, fasting, money, and judging others. (5: 17 -7: 6) • Instruction about life in the kingdom (7: 7 -29) – Miracles of the King’s power, including the healings of the leper, the centurion’s servant, Peter’s mother-in-law, the calming of the sea, the forgiveness of the paralytic’s sins (9: 35 -11: 1) – The delegation of the King’s power to His disciples – John the Baptist, Jesus are rejected (11: 2 – 12: 50) – Jesus’ parables regarding the consequences of rejecting Him (13: 153) – Israel continues to reject the King (13: 54 -16: 20)

Matthew Outlines w The King Turns Toward he Cross (16: 21 -28: 20) – This is the watershed mark and from this point onward, Jesus tells His disciples about His coming death, the coming church, His second coming (16: 21 -28) – Jesus’ transfiguration on the mountain (17: 1 -14) – Jesus instructs His disciples on varies issues related to faith, humility, church life (17: 14 -20: 28) – The triumphal entry and cleansing of the temple (20: 29 -21: 17 – Conflict with the religious leaders (21: 23 -39) – Predictions of the second coming of the King (24 -25) – The Lord’s Supper and the betrayal of the King (26: 1 -35) – Jesus arrested in the garden, tried before Caiaphas and Pilate (26: 36 -27: 25) – The crucifixion of the King & resurrection (27: 26 -18 -17) – The Great Commission (28: 18 -20)

Themes and Theological Purposes w The most dominant theme of Matthew is that Jesus is the Messiah, the promise one. – The theme is reflected in 1: 1 of the gospel “亞伯拉罕的後裔、大衛的子孫、耶穌基督的家譜” – It proved that Jesus is the descendant of both King David and Abraham, just as the OT had predicted. w To prove his point, Matthew literally crowds his gospel with OT quotes from Christological and Messianic aspects on fulfillment of prophecies w Out of the 53 OT quotes, one fifth of them came from the book of Isaiah.

Themes and Theological Purposes w Here is a summary list of prophecy fulfillments on Jesus – The Messiah descended from Abraham, born as King of the Jews (2. 2) – Born of a virgin as foretold by the prophet Isaiah (1: 22) – Was conceived by the Holy Spirit (1: 20) – Was called the Son of God (14: 33) – Entered the Holy City in triumph as a king (21: 4) – As the Messiah on earth, He fulfilled all the prophecies of the OT; His ministry, use of parables, betrayal, miracles, healing, suffering, and death. . w Perhaps the central point of theme was Peter’s confession of Jesus as the Messiah at Caesarea-Philippi (16: 13 -20). It was all part of the divine Messianic plan of the ages.

Characteristics of Matthew w You can characterize Matthew from many different aspects. w Mission-type or preaching gospel (傳道) – The overall purpose is to inform, convince, and evangelize the hearer, both Jew and Gentile, regarding the Messiah. w Messiah gospel – the Messianic theme of Matthew may be outlined as follows: The prophecies of the Messiah fulfilled – The Coming (1: 1 -4: 11) The teachings of the Messiah – great discourses (4: 12 -7: 29) The Deity of the Messiah revealed – the miracle (8: 1 -11: 1) The kingdom of the Messiah revealed – the parables (11: 2 -13: 53) The redemption of the Messiah proclaimed – the cross (13: 54 -19: 2) The passion of the Messiah – suffering, death and resurrection (19: 3 – 26: 2) – Conclusion: The Great Commission (28: 11 -20) – – –

Characteristics of Matthew w Ecumenical gospel – It teaches of universal grace (9: 12, 13) – 耶穌聽見、就說、康健的人用不著醫生、有病的人纔用得著。經上說、『我喜愛憐恤、不喜愛祭祀。』這句話的意思、你們且去揣摩．我來、本不是召義人、乃是召罪人 w Royal gospel The Messiah is pictured repeatedly as the great King His lineage is traced back to King David The Magi ask for the King of the Jews He is called the “Son of David” He enters Jerusalem in triumph Pontius Pilate ask Jesus if He is the King of the Jews Over His cross, the words are written as “This is Jesus the King of the Jews” – In the climax of the gospel, He claims all power over heaven and earth. (28: 18) – – – –

Characteristics of Matthew w Ecclesiastical gospel (教会) – Its teaching is centered on Church – The Sermon on the Mount and the parables portray the ideals and life of the Christian Church – This Church is interested in winning all of its erring members (Matt 18) – Our Lord says the gates of hell shall not prevail against it (Matt 16) – The gospel speaks of prayer, giving, Christian rules for marriage and divorce, the sacraments. In fact, it covers the entire life and practices of the Christian Church. w Jewish gospel – The outlook and flavor is Jewish, written by a Jewish Christian to guide thought and worship of Jewish Christians. – The other gospel writers tend to explain Jewish words and custom (e. g Mark 7: 1 -13). But Matthew assumes his readers understand Jewish terms and customs.

Characteristics of Matthew w Use of extreme opposite teachings (paradoxical), which is the heart of the Gospel – The Messiah is the Lord of heaven and earth, and yet He is sorrowful even to death in His suffering and dies a disgraceful criminal’s death on the cross – The Messiah is divine and yet human. – He died in order to give lives to many. w Eschatological aspect – Matthew uses apocalyptic language of the day such as parousla end of the ages (24: 3) – Matthew includes a group of parables, which teach and interpret the Second Coming of Jesus • Parable of the ten virgins (25: 1 -13) • Parable of the sheep and goats (25: 31 -46) • Parable of the tenants (25: 14 -30)

Assignments w Group A: Beatitudes (Matthew 5: 3 -16) w Group B: The Lord’s Prayer (Matthew 6: 5 -13) w Use Inductive Bible Study method to study the two passages through – Observation: 5 W and 1 H – Interpretation: Context, Context – Application: So What? Now What? w Group Presentation in 2 weeks on Jan, 22

Backup Slides

Matthew’s use of the OT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 1: 23 “a virgin shall conceive” (Isa 7: 14) 2: 6 “and you, O Bethlehem…” (Micah 5: 2) 2: 15 “Out of Egypt have I called my son” (Hos 11: 1) 2: 18 “a voice was heard in Ramah…” (Jer 31: 15) 2: 23 “He shall be called a Nazarene” (Isa 11: 1) 3: 3 “the voice of one crying…” (Isa 40: 3) 4: 4 “man shall not live by bread alone” (Deut 8: 3) 4: 6 “He will give his angels charge …” (Ps 91: 11) 4: 7 “you shall not tempt the Lord…” (Deut 6: 6) 4: 10 “you shall serve him …” (Deut 6: 13) 5: 21 “the load of Zebulun …” (Isa 9; 1) 5: 21 “You shall not kill” (Exod 20: 13) 5: 27 “You shall not commit adultery” (Exod 20: 14) 5: 48 “You, therefore, must be perfect” (Lev 19: 2) 8: 17 “He took our infirmities …” (Isa 53: 4) 9: 13 “I desire mercy, not sacrifice …” (Hos 6: 6) 11: 5 “the blind receive their sight …” (Isa 29: 18)

Matthew’s use of the OT 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 11: 10 “behold, I send my messenger” (Mal 3: 1) 12: 7 “I desire mercy, not sacrifice…” (Hos 6: 6) 12: 18 -21 “behold, my servant whom I have chosen” (Isa 42: 1 -4) 13: 14, 15 “you shall indeed hear but never understand” (Isa 6: 9, 10) 13: 35 “I will open my mouth in parables” (Ps 78: 2) 15: 4 “Honor you father and your mother” (Exod 20: 12) 15: 8, 9 “this people honors me with their lips” (Isa 29: 13) 18: 16 “evidence of two or three witnesses” (Deut 19: 15) 19: 4, 5 “a man shall leave his father and mother” (Gen 2: 24) 19: 18, 19 “You shall not kill …” (Exod 20: 12 -16) 21: 5 “Tell the daughter of Zion” (Isa 62: 11) 21: 9 “Hosanna to the Son of David” (Ps 118: 26) 21: 13 “My house shall be called a house of prayer” (Isa 56: 7) 21: 16 “Out of the mouth of babes …” (Ps 8: 2) 21: 42 “the very stone which the builders rejected” (Ps 118: 22)

Matthew’s use of the OT 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 22: 32 “I am the God of Abraham …” (Exod 3: 6) 22: 37 “You shall love the Lord your God …” (Deut 6: 5) 22: 39 “You shall love you neighbor …” (Lev 19: 18) 22: 44 “Sit at my right hand …” (Ps 110: 1) 23: 39 “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord” (“Ps 118: 26) 24: 7 “Nation will rise against nation …” (Isa 19: 2) 24: 15 “Desolating sacrilege … by Daniel …” (Dan 9: 27) 24: 21 “the great tribulation …” (Dan 12: 1) 26: 31 “I will strike the shepherd …” (Zech 13: 7) 26: 38 “My soul is very sorrowful …” (Ps 42: 6) 26: 64 “You will see the Son of man …” (Dan 7: 13) 27: 34 “Wine … mingled with gall …” (Ps 69: 21) 27: 35 “Divided … garments … casting lots…” (Ps 22: 18) 27: 39 “wagging their heads …” (Ps 22: 7) 27: 43 “He trusts in God … “ (Ps 22: 8) 27: 46 “My God, my God, why hast thou …” (Ps 22: 1) 27: 48 “sponge, filled it with vinegar …” (Ps 69: 21)