Indirect Reported Speech with the Verb in the

Indirect (Reported) Speech with the Verb in the Past Tense

General Remarks and Examples The teacher say: “The lesson is over. ” “The lesson is over, ” the teacher said. “The lesson is over, “the teacher said, “and you can go home. ” “I can’t go home, ” Mary said. “I am on duty today and must clean the classroom. ”

Necessary Changes 1. Verbs: said to, told, thought, explained, asked, wondered, etc. I said to him, “I’m busy. ” I told him that I was busy. 2. Personal and possessive pronouns: He said, “I must put my books on the desk. ” He said that he had to put his books on the desk.

Necessary Changes 3. Demonstrative pronouns, time and place markers: here now this these ago today yesterday tomorrow next month (week, year) last night (week, month) there then that those before that day the day before, the previous day the next day, the following day the following month (week, year) the previous night (week, month)

Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 1. Present Simple – Past Simple John said: “I live in New York. ” John said that he lived in New York. Bob told us, “I can’t swim. ” Bob told us that he couldn’t swim.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • Andrew said, “I take much exercise every day. ” • Lizzy said, “Sarah, you look fine and healthy today. ” • Nora said to her friend, “I don’t keep any diet this month. ” • Bob said, “It is dangerous to live here. ” • They say, “These days we have lunch in the nearby café. ”

Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 2. Present Progressive – Past Progressive Mary said to us, “I’m learning French now. ” Mary told us that she was learning French then. We said to Tom, “We are leaving soon. ” We told Tom that we were leaving soon.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • Bob said, “I am learning German this year. ” • We said to Tom, “We are leaving for London next Monday. ” • Mary said to her friend, “I am doing my lessons and can’t come to you. ” • The teacher said, “We are going to do with Sequence of Tenses today. ”

Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 3. Past Simple – Past Perfect Ann explained, “Jack went home. ” Ann explained that Jack had gone home. Mary said to Helen, ”I bought a new book yesterday. ” Mary told Helen that she had bought a new book the day before. ”

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • Andy said to his friends, “I met this boy in this camp last year. ” • “My parents went away yesterday, ” Sarah said to Ann. • “I learnt all these rules for the last lesson, ” said Helen to the teacher. • Ted said to the teacher, “I was on duty yesterday and cleaned the room well. ”

Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 4. Present Perfect – Past Perfect Billy said, “I have done it. ” Billy said that he had done it. Jill said to Ann, “I have made tea. ” Jill said to Ann that she had made tea.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • Bob said, “I have revised all the material for my final exams. ” • Mother said, “My son has passed his finals with good marks. ” • “You have read many English books, children, ” the teacher said. • Fred said, “I have done it!”

Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 5. Past Perfect – Past Perfect Ted said to his mother, “I had done my homework by 6 o’clock p. m. Ted told his mother that he had done his homework by 6 o’clock p. m.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • Tommy said, “I had done all the homework by 6 o’clock p. m. ” • Robert said to Polly, “My mum had bought me a nice present by last Saturday. ” • Eric said, “I had come to school before the lesson started. ” • Terry said, “I had washed all the plates by the time mother returned from work. ”

Necessary Changes – Sequence of Tenses: 6. Future Simple – Future Simple-in-the-Past We said, “We shall win the game. ” We said that we should win the game. Jenny said, “I will play water polo next Sunday. ” Jenny said that she would play water polo the following Sunday.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • John said, “I will have an advantage over Bob. ” • Jenny said, “I will play water polo next Sunday. ” • “We shall support out team tomorrow, ” my friends said. • Val said, “We shall go to the stadium this evening. ”

Reported Questions (General – Yes/No – Questions) He asked me, “Are you a student? ” He asked me if I was a student. She asked him, “Do you speak English? ” She asked him if he spoke English. Bob asked us, “Did you see the new film? ” Bob wondered if we had seen the new film.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech “Do you live far from the school? ” the teacher asked Nina. “Did you have a good journey? ” we asked our guests. “Have you finished reading my book? ” the teacher asked me. “Has the book been translated into Russian? ” I asked the teacher. “Had you finished the job by ten o’clock yesterday? ” mother asked her daughter. “Will you be 15 next year? ” the girl asked Brian. I asked them, “Are you students or pupils? ” She asked us, “Were you at school today? ” Cyril asked Alec, “Can you drive? ”

Reported Questions (Special – Wh – Questions) He asked me, “What are you reading? ” He wondered what I was reading. My friend asked, “When did you see the new film? ” My friend asked me when I had seen the new film. Mum asked, “Where will you go tonight? ” Mum asked where I would go that night.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • • “Who is on duty today? ” asked the teacher. We asked the Principal, “Who will be our class teacher? ” “What are you reading now? ” Alice asked Cyril. The new student asked us, “When do classes begin this year? ” • “Where have you put my dictionary? ” asked Helen. • “Why didn’t you attend the first lesson yesterday? ” the teacher asked Peter. • Mother asked me, “How many people have you invited to your birthday party? ”

Reported Requests He said to me, “Close the door, please!” He asked me to close the door. Mum said to us, “Don’t make such a noise, please!” Mum asked us not to make such a noise. The teacher said, “Sit down, please!” The teacher asked us to sit down.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech • “Nelly, will you shut the window, please? ” the teacher said • The teacher said, “Peter, pick up the papers, will you? ” • “Please, don’t speak all at the time, raise your hands, ” the teacher said. • The teacher said to her pupils, “Show the capital of England on the map, please. ” • I asked my friend, “Ring me up tonight, will you? ”

Reported Orders The teacher said to us, “Don’t be noisy!” The teacher told us not to be noisy. She said, “Close the door and sit down!” She ordered to close the door and sit down. Mum said, “Tell me the truth, don’t tell a lie. ” Mum told me to tell the truth and not to tell a lie.

Grammar Practice Change into Reported Speech The teacher said to Pete, “Go to the blackboard!” Mum said to me, “Clean the room!” Dad said to his children, “Be polite and say “Thank you!” My friend said, “Don’t take my books!” “Do the task again, ” the teacher said to me. “Don’t speak all at a time, ” the teacher said to her class. Mother said, “Ann, go and wash your face. ”

Never changed: • Everlasting truths: She said that the snow is white. • Regular actions: He told me that he gets up at 7 every morning. • Dates: Mum said he was born in 1985.

Never changed: • Modal verbs should, ought and must in the meaning “должно быть, вероятно”: She asked if she should study more. He told me that his brother must be in now.