Indefinite Verbal forms
Lecture structure Infinitive Adverbial participle Bare Infinitive Gerund Participle Gerund Orn Infinitive
Infinitive To + V 1
Bare Infinitive V 1 Without to Will/will not Modal verbs Already known Next lecture topic
Bare Infinitive V 1 Without to Sensual perception e. g. feel, see, hear I heard you sing Active interaction e. g. let, make, help Let them decide! Personal preferences e. g. had better/would rather You’d better go now Accenting do I do believe in you!
Participle Present Ving Boring Past Ved Bored Подлежащее: Standing at the door was a pizza delivery man Parked behind the house an old Ford Внутри грамматической конструкции: Continuous tenses Passive & Perfect tenses Определение I noticed a letter lying on the table Обстоятельство Intrigued, I walked into the store Дополнение I need this work finished now
Adverbial participle Ving Употребляется как действие, параллельное основному
Gerund Ving Подлежащее Прямое дополнение Косвенное дополнение Предложное дополнение Употребляется как отглагольное существительное Planning ahead helps reduce travel costs — Планирование заранее помогает сократить дорожные расходы. His car needs washing — Его машина требует помывки. Martha gives playing the piano all her spare time — Марфа отдает игре на пианино все свободное время. Mom praised Billy for keeping his room clean — Мама похвалила Билли за содержание комнаты в чистоте.
Gerund VS Infinitive Verbs requiring gerund acknowledge admit anticipate appreciate avoid celebrate consider contemplate defer delay deny dislike enjoy entail escape excuse finish forgive imagine involve keep mean mention mind miss pardon postpone prevent propose recall recollect remember report resent resist risk stop suggest understand Verbs requiring infinitive afford agree aim appear arrange bother care claim consent decide demand determine fail guarantee happen hasten have hesitate hope learn long manage offer prepare pretend proceed promise propose prove refuse resolve seek seem swear tend threaten trouble undertake volunteer
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