Implanting a Computer Control System in Accelerators May

Implanting a Computer Control System in Accelerators May 30, 2006 Bucharest , ROMANIA Oded Heber Department of Particle Physics Weizmann Institute of Science 76100, Rehovot ISRAEL

OUTLINE • • • General Introduction to Weizmann Institute Introduction to Accelerators Computer Control Systems Upgrading and new system concepts 1. New System (in new accelerator) 2. Upgrading an existing system 3. Installing new system in an old accelerator • • The WI Pelletron system and other labs. Summary

Weizmann – Facts and Figures • • Established on 1934 2500 people 250 research groups 1000 MSc, Ph. D students and postdocs 850 scientific support staff 80 buildings on 1. 2 sq. km. Budget (2005): about $185 Million/year (32% by the government).

Nature 430, 311 -316 (15 July 2004) 25% of the country Science is done at WI

Yeda – WI technology transfer company Yeda became a world leader in Technology Transfer • Tens of products from Weizmann on the market. • Total annual royalty-generating sales in 2004: $6, 000, 000. • Over 40 new companies where established around Yeda’s technologies (some already public), 18 in the last 5 years.

What is a computer control system for accelerator ? The ability to control and maintain a full process using computers: • Industrial manufacture floor, fab • Civil, Public – traffic control, electricity • Scientific oriented facility – accelerators, nuclear reactor

Definition: SCADA Acronym for supervisory control and data acquisition, a computer system for gathering and analyzing real time data hardware Communication bus Control bus Field bus clients server PLC and I/O cards Sensors – I/O points

SCADA Software • Control of many (103 -105) I/O points • Continues communication with many busses (RS 485, GPIB, Ethernet, modbus…) and PLCs (usually OPC server). • Data logging – data bases • Security • Process control (PID) • Alarms • Graphical interface • Flexibility • Connectivity to nonstandard and scientific instruments

What is special in SCADA for accelerators (for basic science) ? • Research facility – flexible • Many nonstandard and prototype equipments • Timing - synchronization (bunching, coincidence) • Physicist proof system

Computer Control Accelerator Hardware (Software) Trends Home made instruments Home made controller “large” computers PDP , IBM Fortran, Assembler CAMAC - VME Off the shelf instruments Industrial PLC Mini computers VAX Personal computers EPICS Industrial scada

Example Case 1: a system for new accelerator SARAF 40 Me. V super conductor LINAC at Soreq NRC ISRAEL Accelerator purchased from Accel Gmb. H, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany

SARAF Main Control System (MCS) – General Architecture Accelerator Beam Lines S 7, FP, PXI S 7, FP Radiation Cryogenics Building Applications Safety and System (RSS) General Safety S 7 -F S 7 I/O Network S 7 FP, VME Ethernet Servers for: Accelerator, Beam Lines, RSS, Cryogenics, Building, Applications Server for: Backup, Data Logging Client Network Ethernet Servers located in Server Room Clients located in MCR and throughout facility and Soreq Servers and Client computers running Lab. VIEW + DSC + OPC Operator Clients User Clients Soreq Clients Development Clients

Main Control System (MCS) Realization Guidelines (1) • Choose Commercial Software – Established companies – Widely used software in control applications – No need to write custom drivers • Choose Commercial Hardware – Hardware incorporating OPC standard – Companies that produce both hardware and software • Minimize types of Hardware and Software – Optimize with sub-contractor constrains – Settle for several types if inter-communication possible

Main Control System (MCS) Realization Guidelines (2) • Choose Server-Client architecture • Improves reliability • May provide redundancy • Consider backup server with a smooth automatic transition in case of main server crash • Client crash should not affect server or other clients • Computers and Hardware on one network • Use Fiber Optics in EM-noisy environments

Main Control System (MCS) Realization Decisions • Software - Lab. VIEW with DSC module and OPC server • Lab. VIEW is flexible and scientific oriented • Client licenses are not so expensive and do not depend on number of I/O channels • Hardware – Field. Point, PXI from NI and S 7, S 7 -F from Siemens • All types are chosen due to sub-contractor constraints • All types are OPC compatible • S 7 -F compatible with international safety standards • Network and Buses – Ethernet

A Possible Lab. VIEW DSC Main Screen Main panel Main selection Functional panel Alarm panel Sub selection

Case 2: Upgrading existing CC system • Change I/O points ? • Change PLCs ? (CAMAC to Industrial) • Change software or upgrading (experience) • Change computers ? (VAX to PC) • Change OS ? (VMS, Unix to Linux, Windows) • Money? • Shutdown time?

Case 3 : Installing a system for the first time Example: 14 UD Pelletron ( and VDG) Goal: All the controls and indicators should be integrated in the CC system. Changing accelerator parameters (different masses different energies) in a minute time scale with high stability (AMS requirements).

constrains • Money • Manpower • Continue normal operation + maintenance • Controls in high voltages high pressure environment (14 MV terminal, 120 k. V source, SF 6 gas).

solution • Bottom up philosophy - first select the I/O point R/W solution. • Connect first the points that are already at the old control room, afterwards the “easy points” and the most important ones. • Select Hardware that are most common used in electrostatic accelerators and easy to expand.

Group 3 Control Features • Fiber Optics - high voltage isolation – noise immunity. • Small Size - easy mounting - keep wiring short to minimize noise pickup. • High Resolution - 16 bit analogs • High Update Rate - scan rates of up to 32, 000 channels per second • High channel Density - several thousand channels per computer slot • Diagnostic Port - on device interfaces for system development and debugging.

5 loops 1 loop 1000 I/O 100 I/O GPIB, RS 232 DAQ 1 loop 200 I/O RS 232 DAQ 19 PLC’s RS 485

Software and OS • Lab. VIEW by NI (start at version 3. 1) • Computer PC + windows (start with WIN 3. 11 on one 486 machine) • Few Upgrades to Lab. VIEW DSC (7. 0 and 8. 0 – full SCADA) • 15 P-IV computers in server client architecture.

Linear trap control room Laser room Bent trap Ion sources Source control

SUMMARY • Computer control system is a crucial part for any accelerator. • SCADA selection depends on many constraints such as money, manpower, laboratory expertise and third party constructors. • The trend is to use industrial hardware, PC computers and commercial SCADA software.