If there is time left Different categories

If there is time left

Different categories for different word-classes ► NOUNS – number, possession ► VERBS – tense, person, participles ► ADJECTIVES – comparison ► PRONOUNS – number, (remnants of) case, gender, possession ► ADVERBS – comparison ► ARTICLES, PREPOSITIONS, etc. are not subject to such morpho-syntactic changes

Nouns 1. Most nouns in English form their plural by adding –s. The –s is pronounced differently depending on the final sound of the noun in the singular. boys /z/ bags /z/ parks /s/ If the last sound of the noun in the singular is /s, ʃ, ʧ, ks, ʒ, ʤ/, -s is pronounced /ɪz/ and –es is added in writing. . wishes /ɪz/

2. Nouns ending in a consonant + y, form their plural as follows: y → i + es baby + s = y → i + es = babies lady + s = y → i + es = ladies BUT keys, surveys, etc. 3. Twelve nouns ending in –f (-fe): calf, half, knife, leaf, life, loaf, self, sheaf, shelf, thief, wife, wolf, form their plural as follows: f(e) → v + es /vz/ calf + s = f(e) → v + es = calves /vz/ knife + s = f(e) → v + es = knives /vz/

4. Nouns ending in –o, form their plural by adding –es. tomatoes potatoes BUT nouns that are of foreign origin or belong to musical terminology, just add –s in the plural. photos kimonos pianos sopranos 5. Some nouns have no plural form and they can take either a singular or a plural verb: fish (and all names of different kinds of fish) sheep deer (and all animals that are hunted do not have plural forms when used by hunters)

Irregular plurals: man woman ox child brother foot tooth goose mouse louse men women oxen children brethren feet teeth geese mice lice

PRONOUNS Subject Possessive II Object Reflexive I you he my your his mine yours his me you him myself Yourself himself she her herself it itself we ours us ourselves yours yourselves they theirs themselves

Verbs infinitive 3 rd person sg past simple past participle present participle regul walk ar beg love want study walks begs loves wants studies walked begged loved wanted studied walking begging loving wanting studying irreg buy ular sing cut buys sings cuts bought sang cut bought sung cut buying singing cutting

Adjectives positive comparative superlative tall big easy taller bigger easier the tallest the biggest the easiest beautiful good bad little much/ many far last more beautiful better worse less more farther/ further later the most beautiful the best the worst the least the most the farthest/ furthest the latest/ last

Adverbs positive comparative superlative slowly slowlier slowliest frequently more frequently most frequently well badly better badlier best badliest