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IEEE Montreal - Education Society Montréal, April 14 2005 Modeling Languages for Instructional Engineering IEEE Montreal - Education Society Montréal, April 14 2005 Modeling Languages for Instructional Engineering _________________ Dr Gilbert Paquette CICE Research Chair LICEF-CIRTA, Télé-Université Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Plan 1. Major International Trends 2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of Plan 1. Major International Trends 2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages Instructional Engineering principles 3. 4. Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Internet’s Third Wave First wave: STATIC TEXT and DATA EXCHANGE Primarily static HTML Internet’s Third Wave First wave: STATIC TEXT and DATA EXCHANGE Primarily static HTML pages: text and data services E-mail, FTP, forum (asychronous communication) Second wave: DYNAMIC MULTIMEDIA Dynamic pages, ASP, JSP Facilitated transfer of images, sound and video Desktop audio/video conference Third wave: SEMANTIC and PROGRAMMABLE Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Integration of applications, API enabled by web services Ex: Google Alerts, Amazon’s API Distributed computing, P 2 P, and mobile networking Semantic web and knowledege-based technologies Open source, sharing of objects and applications New generation of Distributed Learning Environments

The Semantic Web Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote ygolotn. O Metadata The Semantic Web Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote ygolotn. O Metadata describes resources Ontology describes domain knowledge Metadata linked to knowledge domain Ontologies enable computer agents to process meaningful information (not only syntax) Facing exponential information growth on the Internet by associating meaning to Web pages

A Network Reusable Resources Metadata Repositories Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote A Network Reusable Resources Metadata Repositories Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Resource Repositories

Learning Objects (more than just Web pages) Media Elements Learning Objects Documents Tools Actors Learning Objects (more than just Web pages) Media Elements Learning Objects Documents Tools Actors Process Scenarios Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Units of Learning

Components of a Learning System I/P Faire l ’ingénierie d ’un SA Système d Components of a Learning System I/P Faire l ’ingénierie d ’un SA Système d ’apprentissage C Devis du SA Matériels pédagogiques C Modèle pédagogique C Modèle médiatique Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Modèle de diffusion C I/P Mettre en place le SA I/P Modèle des connaissances Infrastructure du SA Réaliser le matériel C Diffuser le SA C C I/P C Services et milieux Ressources technologiques

Delivery of a Learning System Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Delivery of a Learning System Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Plan 1. Major International Trends 2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of Plan 1. Major International Trends 2. Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions 3. Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages Instructional Engineering principles 4. Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Self-management of learning Competency-focused, Open/Adaptable Learning Scenarios; Metacognitive Tools Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely Self-management of learning Competency-focused, Open/Adaptable Learning Scenarios; Metacognitive Tools Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Information Selection Process-guided Information Retrieval Search, Annotation and Rebuilding tools Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse Information Selection Process-guided Information Retrieval Search, Annotation and Rebuilding tools Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Learner Collaboration Process Oriented; Collaboration model; Visualization & management tools Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse Learner Collaboration Process Oriented; Collaboration model; Visualization & management tools Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Assistance from facilitators Caring Heuristic assistance; Learner’s Initiative; Multiple Facilitators Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse Assistance from facilitators Caring Heuristic assistance; Learner’s Initiative; Multiple Facilitators Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Larger set of decisions F What kind of Tele. Learning model? F Anywhere, anytime, Larger set of decisions F What kind of Tele. Learning model? F Anywhere, anytime, any place, anybody? F What kind of interactivity, collaboration? F Predefined multi-path or learner-constructed scenarios? F Which actors, what roles, what resources? F Multimedia or pluri-media materials? Reuse or build F How to manage resources; Achieve Interoperability and scalability? F How to take in account techno-diversity? F Reusability, Sustainability, Affordability? Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Plan 1. 2. Major International Trends Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of Plan 1. 2. Major International Trends Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions 3. Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages 4. Instructional Engineering principles Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

LICEF Tools & Method History AGD 1992 -1995 MOT 2. 0 1995 -1997 MISA LICEF Tools & Method History AGD 1992 -1995 MOT 2. 0 1995 -1997 MISA 2. 0 1995 -1997 AGD Conseiller 1997 -1998 MOT MISA 3. 0 Gen. soft plus 1998 -1999 -2001 MISA 4. 0 ADISA 2002 -2005 MOT plus LD Editor Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Explor@-1 +Advisor Explor@-2 (multi-actor) 2002 -2005 ADISA 2 TELOS (1) Player

MISA 4. 0 Method Problem definition 100 Training system 102 Training objectives 104 Target MISA 4. 0 Method Problem definition 100 Training system 102 Training objectives 104 Target Learners 106 Actual situation Knowledge Modeling 210 Knowledge modeling principles 212 Knowledge model 214 Target competencies 310 Learning units content 410 Learning instruments content 610 Knowledge and competency management Materials Modeling 230 Media principles 330 Development infrastructure 430 Learning materials list 432 Learning materials models 434 Media elements 436 Source documents 630 Learning system / resource management Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote 108 Reference documents Instructional Modeling 220 Instructional principles 222 Learning events network 224 Learning units properties 320 Instructional scenarios 322 Learning activities properties 420 Learning instruments properties 620 Actors and group management Delivery Modeling 240 Delivery principles 242 Cost-benefit analysis 340 Delivery planning 440 Delivery models 442 Actors and user’s materials 444 Tools and telecommunication 446 Services and delivery locations 540 Assessment planning 640 Maintenance / quality management

Instructional Engineering Actors Content Experts Instructional Designers Media Designers Delivery Specialists Team Leader Author: Instructional Engineering Actors Content Experts Instructional Designers Media Designers Delivery Specialists Team Leader Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Educational Models Knowledge and Competency Representation Scenarios, Learning Designs, Learnflow Representations Media Structure Representation Educational Models Knowledge and Competency Representation Scenarios, Learning Designs, Learnflow Representations Media Structure Representation Delivery Model Represenations Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Desired Properties of a Graphic Representation Formalim Simplicity and User Friendliness Generality Completeness Translated Desired Properties of a Graphic Representation Formalim Simplicity and User Friendliness Generality Completeness Translated to machine (XML) format Communicable between humans Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

MOT Graphic Language L I N K S C S P I/P R I MOT Graphic Language L I N K S C S P I/P R I Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote CONCEPTS PROCEDURES PRINCIPLES

Graphic Ontology Language (OWL) Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Graphic Ontology Language (OWL) Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

A Graphic OWL Editor THINGS S Agricultural Practices R R S Has Inputs R A Graphic OWL Editor THINGS S Agricultural Practices R R S Has Inputs R Has Outputs Rice Production Processes S S Fertilizers Produce R Gases R S S R Greenhouse Gases Chemical Fertilizers I I I A Certain Rice Production Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Has Inputs R Nitric Oxyde Produce R R Carbon Dioxyde I R R Has Outputs R Methane

Structured Competencies n n n To say that somebody needs to acquire a certain Structured Competencies n n n To say that somebody needs to acquire a certain knowledge is insufficient What kind of generic skill + performance? A generic skills’ taxonomy based on different viewpoints : instructional objectives, generic tasks/processes, meta-knowledge Competency = Meta-process (skill) applied to a knowledge at a certain level of performance Situate knowledge acquisition goals on a competency/performance scale Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Building Competency Models Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Building Competency Models Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Skill/Performance Scale Skills Multimedia Production Method Self-manage (10) Evaluate (9) Synthesize (8) Scenario X Skill/Performance Scale Skills Multimedia Production Method Self-manage (10) Evaluate (9) Synthesize (8) Scenario X Peter M. Repair (7) Analyze (6) Video Y. Apply (5) Transpose (4) Interpret (3) Identify (2) Memorize (1) Pay attention (0) Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Aware Familiarized Productive Expert Performance

Knowledge anc Competency Distribution in LDs Course Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Author: Knowledge anc Competency Distribution in LDs Course Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Instructional Scenario (IMS-LD) Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Instructional Scenario (IMS-LD) Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Versailles Scenario Versailles Simulation ACT 1: VERSAILLES OVERVIEW C C P ACT 2: INTRODUCTION Versailles Scenario Versailles Simulation ACT 1: VERSAILLES OVERVIEW C C P ACT 2: INTRODUCTION TO PREPARATORY PHASE ACT 8: REFLECT ON TREATY OUTCOMES C Play C P C C ACT 7: REVIEW MAIN NEGOTIATION DAY C P P ACT 3: C DISPLAYS RESULTS BACKGROUND RETURNED TO THE Returned STUDY - OFFLINE C RECORDER results ACTIVITIES Send Results LO C ACT 6: THE MAIN NEGOTIATIONS IP C P Send Results Env IP Send Results to Recorder C Main Negotiation Forum GB-France Forum IP IP C France-Serbia Side-room C France-Italy Side-room IP France-Serbia Forum Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote IP France-Italy Forum P ACT 5: INTRODUCTION TO MAIN NEGOTIATION DAY C C GB-France Side-room Results ACT 4: SIX NATION ONLINE STRATEGY PREPARATION C France Negotiation Day C Main Negotiating Chamber P Read Posted C USA-France Side-room Poland-France Side-room IP Poland-France Forum IP US-France Forum France-Serbia Forum C FRANCE-Serbia Confererence I I-France Serbia Confer SO IP France-Serbia Side-room I FRANCE-SERBIA Negotiate AD res

Knowledge Referencing of LD Components Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Knowledge Referencing of LD Components Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Delivery Components A R R Acteur C C Sub-role 1 1 User Provider Author: Delivery Components A R R Acteur C C Sub-role 1 1 User Provider Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote R Role Utiliser ressource Provide a resource Role C C Sub-role 2 I/P The actor plays (is responsible for) a role (or an action) A role has two components Resource I/P An actor uses «Ressource» . a ressource Resource An Actor produces a resource

Model of an Evaluation Function A A: Ingénieur pédagogique O O Éditeur de scénario Model of an Evaluation Function A A: Ingénieur pédagogique O O Éditeur de scénario I/P E Définition des scénarios et des activités d'évaluation R R Stucturer l'espace d'évaluation B: Auteur Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Tests complétés I/P Tests évalués et transmis I/P I/P E Concevoir les tests A I/P Faire le bilan des résultats E R R R O I/P R E Passer les tests Éditeur de tests Présenteur de test évalué C: Apprenant Présentateur de tests R R O A Tests dans la banque des matériels O Visualisation du bilan Analyser et évaluer R R O Assistant à la correction R A D: Formateur évaluateur

Model of a Trainer’s Roles Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote Model of a Trainer’s Roles Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Plan 1. 2. 3. 4. Major International Trends Building High Quality Learning System Larger Plan 1. 2. 3. 4. Major International Trends Building High Quality Learning System Larger set of decisions Instructional engineering and Educational modeling languages Instructional Engineering principles Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Information System’s Approach An e. Learning system is an information system, a complex array Information System’s Approach An e. Learning system is an information system, a complex array of software tools, digitized documents and communication services, more diversified than in the past Follow some software engineering principles Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Knowledge-Based ISD The actual emphasis on knowledge management recognizes the importance of knowledge and Knowledge-Based ISD The actual emphasis on knowledge management recognizes the importance of knowledge and higher order skills, as opposed to simple data or information acquisition n Knowledge engineering can support central tasks of ISD methods : content, activities, media and delivery processes Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Multi-Agent view An e. Learning system at delivery time is a multi-agent society (modularity, Multi-Agent view An e. Learning system at delivery time is a multi-agent society (modularity, sociability, distribution of control, message propagation) n An ISD method should identify clearly the actors , their roles and their interactions, together with the tools and resources that should compose their environment Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

Process Based Learning Scenarios EVALUATE JUST IN TIME INFORMATION SYNTHETIZE ANALYZE APPLY JUST IN Process Based Learning Scenarios EVALUATE JUST IN TIME INFORMATION SYNTHETIZE ANALYZE APPLY JUST IN CASE INFORMATION UNDERSTAND MEMORIZE Process-based situated learning scenarios help guide information search and the construction of new knowledge Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

In summary…. More systematic, structured and visual ISD. Knowledge engineering to support higher order In summary…. More systematic, structured and visual ISD. Knowledge engineering to support higher order knowledge and skills acquisition. Definition of multi-agent systems for useful interactions at delivery. Support to self-management of learning scenarios and environments for meta-cognition. Integration of multiple assistance agents into process-based scenarios: co-learners, SMEs, coaches, managers, FAQ, Intelligent Help Systems. . . Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote

IEEE Montreal - Education Society Montréal, April 14 2005 Modeling Languages for Instructional Engineering IEEE Montreal - Education Society Montréal, April 14 2005 Modeling Languages for Instructional Engineering _________________ Dr Gilbert Paquette CICE Research Chair LICEF-CIRTA, Télé-Université Author: Gilbert Paquette Reuse freely – Just quote www. licef. teluq. uquebec. ca/gp