ICT climate change development workshop Johannesburg Jan

ICT, climate change & development workshop Johannesburg (Jan. 23 -24, 2012) ICTs for climate change mitigation Richard Labelle Independent ICT 4 D Consultant rlab@sympatico. ca Twitter. com/rlabelle

Objectives To present the case for ICTs to mitigate climate change with a focus on the developing world To identify opportunities To discuss strategic options going forward 2

Four noteworthy trends … 1. The (continued) rise of the humans − 2. …. rise of demand ─ 3. 4. Increases in people, wealth and intellectual resources (brain power), leading to a …. Increased demand for energy, food & natural resources resulting in accelerated …. … increasing climate change & environmental impacts … the rise of the machines (ICTs). 3

Global change & climate (1) Climate change is a real threat Fossil fuel emissions tracking surface warming – the priority Emissions from land use growing more slowly C sinks in ocean and on land are at risk Earth processes at risk 4

World primary energy demand by IEA scenario 5 IEA. 2011. World Energy Outlook 2011. IEA/OECD, Paris. 666 pp.

Predicted global energy use in CMO under 4 different scenarios Crane, H. D. , E. M. Kinderman & R. Malhotra. 2010. A cubic mile of oil. Realities and options for averting the looming global energy crisis. Oxford University Press, New York, 297 pp. http: //www. oup. com/us/companion. websites/9780195325546/? view=usa 6

Energy related CO 2 emissions by IEA scenario 7 IEA. 2011. World Energy Outlook 2011. IEA/OECD, Paris. 666 pp.

IPCC Projections of surface warming as a result of increasing GHG emissions [IPCC. 2007. Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC. Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R. K. and Reisinger, A. (Eds. ). IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. pp 104. http: //www. ipcc. ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_synthesis_report. htm 8

Proportion of energy expressed in CMO from different primary sources (2006 data) Crane, H. D. , E. M. Kinderman & R. Malhotra. 2010. A cubic mile of oil. Realities and options for averting the looming global energy crisis. Oxford University Press, New York, 297 pp. http: //www. oup. com/us/companion. websites/9780195325546/? view=usa 9

Havana, Cuba, 8 -9 February 2011 10

The past contribution of energy efficiency Segar, C. 2009. International energy co-operation and global energy security. International Energy Agency (IEA). Session on “Ensuring the sustainability of energy supply chain”, Conference on Strengthening Energy Security in the OSCE area, Bratislava, 6 – 7 July 2009. Power. Point presentation. http: //www. osce. org/documents/eea/2009/07/38666_en. pdf 11

Energy efficiency will have major role to play in achieving low C future (IEA) IEA. 2010. World Energy Outlook 2010. N. Tanaka, Executive Director, IEA, Beijing, 17 Nov. 2010. Power. Point presentation. 35 slides. http: //www. energy. eu/publications/weo_2010 -China. pdf 12

Mitigation opportunities 1. Reducing GHG emissions from all stages of the ICT life cycle • 2. Making greater using ICTs to mitigate vegetation related emissions • 3. and especially during their production, use and disposal through the greater use of ICT based earth observation and management systems and networks Encouraging the development and adoption of ICT based enabling technologies • to reduce GHG emissions. 13

ICTs enhance efficiency & facilitate conservation by (1): Process efficiency Doing things fast Use less energy emit less C Connecting everything & everyone: Instrumenting objects and places around us: The Internet of Things Empowering people to act Measuring everything (& everyone!): The Internet of Things More info on energy use 14

ICTs enhance efficiency & facilitate conservation by (2): Controlling everything Smart controls Connect & control all motors & energy consumption (embedded controls) More options to reduce consumption: smart motors, lighting, grid, buildings, logistics /transport & cities 15

The negative impact of ICTs on GHG emissions Energy consumption from using ICTs About 2 -3 % of total emissions, growing to 6 % Same as aviation industry PCs & peripherals Telecoms infrastructure Data centres ICT use is increasing and so are GHG emissions from ICTs 16

The enabling effect of ICTs (Ge. SI : Global e-Sustainability Initiative) The Climate group and Ge. SI. 2008. Smart 2020: Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age. 87 pp. http: //www. smart 2020. org/ 17

The use of ICTs by the Green Belt Movement (Kenya) Havana, Cuba, 8 -9 February 2011 18

ICTs & related trends & innovations (1) Digitization & dematerialization Microprocessors ARM vs Intel Handhelds vs desk/lap tops Internet diffusion IPv 6 Broadband Cloud computing 19

A sample telepresence session [ 20

ICTs & related trends & innovations (2) Nanotechnology & micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) Wireless & mobile device uptake Web 2. 0 & 3. 0 Agenda 21 redux: Everyone is a user and provider of content (information) Innovations in display technology Gorilla glass, Dragontrail, etc. massive increase in display surface area Screens everywhere Havana, Cuba, 8 -9 February 2011 21

ICT & related trends & innovations(3) The Internet of Things (IOT) Everything and everywhere connected Sensor technology Sensor networks Social networking Improved & greener batteries GIS & visualization technologies such as building information modeling (BIM) 22

Machine to machine (M 2 M) communications – a WSN variant Beacham Research. 2009. M 2 M world of connected services. The Internet of Things. http: //www. beechamresearch. com/Downloads. aspx. Beecham`s Sector Map shows segmentation of M 2 M Market in new semi-circular format, including 9 key Service Sectors, key Applications Groups within Sectors, and examples of Connected Devices within each Sector. Overall, Beecham Research tracks over 300 different device types. 23

ICTs for earth observation Remote sensing: Disaster risk reduction (flooding, etc. ) Generates massive amounts of data Data available through Cloud / Grid (GEOSS, etc. ) Wireless sensor networks The Internet of Things Connected smart sensors gathering data at earth’s surface (& below!) 24

How to measure ICT impacts – the need for standards ITU working on standards for environmental impact assessment (EIA) of ICTs Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) ITU Study Group 5 (SG-5) Standards for measuring impact of ICTs Universal power adapter and charger solution for mobile terminals and other ICT devices 25

The positive impact of ICTs on GHG emissions ICT enabling effects ICTs can save 5 times as much C as they consume – but likely much more Essential for enhanced earth observation In poorer countries and areas: Enhance reach of services Reduce cost of service delivery Decreased energy use for accessing services 26

Strategy going forward (1) Awareness promotion: Build the knowledge base Best practice analysis and documentation Case studies Stakeholder consultations and partnership making Identify key stakeholders and potential beneficiaries Municipal governments, environmental groups, professional associations, the private sector, consumer groups, etc. Consult with experts in the energy as well as 27 the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) communities

Strategy going forward (2) Stakeholder consultations and partnership development Identify key stakeholders and potential beneficiaries Municipal governments, environmental groups, professional associations, the private sector, consumer groups, etc. Consult with experts in the energy as well as the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) communities Establish partnerships with like minded groups and organizations such as the AEC and energy communities, etc. 28

Strategy going forward (3) Research priorities Work with the energy sector and planners to develop the assessment tools and practices: Energy audits which include smart tech audits Rapid smart tech audit technologies: Autodesk Develop rapid assessment technologies such as the e-Environment Readiness Index (EERI) and test and improve using pilots 29

Strategy going forward (4) Research priorities … Streamlining the use of BIM in building and town design and planning Research on the use of BIM for rural planning and development, building with natural materials, passive energy buildings, zero and positive energy buildings, etc. BIM for low cost urban and rural housing Tech transfer is costly, so what are benefit / costs? They could be significant: do the research 30

Strategy going forward (5) Research priorities … Undertake rapid assessments such as those proposed by the use of tools such as the e-Environment Readiness Index (EERI) Look at the use of renewables for powering ICT use off grid and ICT use for Green Growth in developing countries Climate Innovation Center (CICs) for introducing ICT-based green technologies (Info. Dev) 31

Strategy going forward (6) Training: Train architects and planners on BIM as we trained people for network engineering (Cisco Academies). Look at BIM for rural development Train energy audit specialists, including building audit & retrofit specialists 32

Strategy going forward (6) Key policy issue Energy subsidies. 33

Related info (1) Much of this presentation can be found in the ITU publication by Richard Labelle: “m -environment – ICTs for abating climate change and promoting Green Growth and sustainable development” which will be available online from the ITU site in the coming weeks of 2012. The report will be published online by ITU and includes detailed references supporting all points made above. 34

Related info (2) A training program on ICTs for abating climate change and promoting Green Growth and sustainable development To be offered by the UN APCICT (Asia Pacific centre for ICT Training) in Korea As part of the Academy for ICT Essentials for Government Leaders http: //www. unapcict. org/academy Starting Feb. 22, 2011 Will be published online: detailed report, , accompanying PPTs Detailed PPTs have been prepared and were used in part for this presentation. 35

Working groups What are priorities for developing countries? What are key issues influencing the use of ICTs for mitigation in your countries? 36

Thank you! Richard Labelle rlabtag@gmail. com rlab@sympatico. ca Twitter. com/rlabelle 37