ICLEI / NMBM DROUGHT / FLOODING WORKSHOP WATER & SANITATION B. J. Martin 25 September 2013 1
CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Climate Change Water Supply System Rainfall Dam Storage Water Consumption Affects of Climate Change Mitigation Conclusion 2
1. CLIMATE CHANGE When did climate change start? Fact: 1. NMBM has a drought every 4 years over at least the last 20 yrs! 2. Every drought is broken by a flood or heavy rainfall. 3. Any persistent rain appears to be causing flooding! 3
2. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM 4
2. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM cont. 5
1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 3. RAINFALL Rainfall since 1900 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Annual rainfall Linear(Annual rainfall) 7
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RAINFALL 10
4. DAM STORAGE 11
4. DAM STORAGE cont… 12
5. WATER CONSUMPTION , 6 % 8 14
DEMAND VERSUS YIELD 15
6. AFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE o Drought / flood cycles occurs regularly. o Drought / flood future: n No rain periods will be more prolonged! n Rainfall period shorter & more intense! n Will our water sources be sufficient? n Affects of El Nino & La Nino! o Urbanisation creates greater impact on same water sources. o Housing Programme (80 000 units). o Economic growth 16
7. CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION o Water Master Plan: n NCLLS: water from different catchment (R 770 M) n Recycling of wastewater (R 1, 5 Billion) o Industrial use o Indirect potable use n WC/WDM (R 57 M pa) o NRW – leak detection etc. o Water Saving Awareness Campaign. o WC/WDM must be an ongoing programme. n Groundwater (R 150) n Desalination (R 1 Billion) n New infrastructure to support development. 17
7. CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION cont… o Sanitation Master Plan: n Upgrading of 6 wastewater treatment works (R 1. 6 Billion): o Energy efficiency o Energy abstraction n Rehabilitation of reticulation network: o Reduce ingress of stormwater o New infrastructure to support development n Rehabilitation of pump stations. 18
7. CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION cont… o Design intervention: n Energy Efficiency: o Operational Efficiency. o Equipment efficiency. n Water & Wastewater Treatment Process optimisation. o Water Services By Law: o House designs: n Rain water harvesting o Township layout designs: n Strom water mitigation 19
8. CONCLUSIONS q Climate change affects: q q q q Water availability Future use of water WC/WDM as a daily practice Reuse of water Water & Sanitation tariffs Efficient use of electricity Domestic & industrial consumption of services Town planning 20
Thank You “Keep it flowing in the pipe” 21
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