IB APUSH Unit 2 Review Discovery and the Colonial

IB/APUSH Unit 2 Review Discovery and the Colonial Period

What were the earliest explorers of the New World searching for? äA shorter passage to Asia

Fur trading was the main reason for the first settlements in the New World by which European power? ä France

He was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe. ä Francis Drake

This Quaker was given a land grant by King Charles II to pay a debt owed to his father. ä William Penn

Which English colony was founded by a Roman Catholic and practiced religious toleration? ä Maryland

Rhode Island was founded by this man who was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony because of his political and religious views. ä Roger Williams

What was John Smith’s policy towards Jamestown Colonists who did not work toward the preservation of the colony? ä “No work, no food”

Give two reasons for the founding of Georgia. äA haven for British debtors ä A buffer between the colonies and Spanish Florida

This lawmaking body was formed in colonial Virginia in 1619. ä The House of Burgesses

For whom did the Mayflower Compact serve as a basis for self-government? ä The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony

John Rolfe established this as the cash crop of the Virginia Colony. ä Tobacco

This system of land grants involved providing tracts of land to individuals who paid their own way to the colonies and/or paid for the passage of other settlers. ä The Headright System

This leader of the Antinomians was banished from Massachusetts Bay for criticizing the Puritan Church. ä Anne Hutchinson

This was the first college in America. It was founded to train Puritan ministers. ä Harvard

This Puritan law mandated that schooling be provided to children. ä The Old Deluder Act

During colonial times, the vast majority of Americans worked in this occupation. ä Farming

What colonies made up the middle colonies? ä New York ä New Jersey ä Pennsylvania ä Delaware

The town meeting was a vital unit of local administration in which colonial region? ä New England

In what way did colonial legislatures exercise control over royal governors? ä Power of the purse äThey paid their salaries

This Enlightenment thinker founded the American Philosophical Society in 1743. ä Benjamin Franklin

This was the first written constitution in America. ä The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Which of the colonial regions had the poorest conditions for agriculture, making it dependant upon other forms of commerce. ä New England

This colonial region contained few large cities. ä Southern Colonies

The slave trade was a component of this system of trade between Africa, the West Indies, and the American colonies. ä Triangular Trade

Under what trade policy is the ultimate goal the selfsufficiency of the mother country? ä Mercantilism

The French strongholds of Montreal and Quebec were located on this river. ä The St. Lawrence River

Which colony resulted most directly from the political and religious policies of King Charles I? ä Massachusetts Bay

How were early English settlements in the New World financed? ä Joint Stock Companies

This bloodless revolution in England led to the supremacy of Parliament over the king. ä The Glorious Revolution

What accounts for the differences in the economic development of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies? ä Geographic Conditions

These were colonists who worked for a specified number of years in exchange for their passage to America. ä Indentured Servants

This region was referred to as the “Colonial Bread Basket. ” ä The Middle Colonies

Which colonial region had the greatest European ethnic mix? ä The Middle Colonies

The Halfway Covenant of 1662 was meant to relax the standards for membership in what institution? ä The Puritan Church

This period of evangelical revivals was a response to the rise of Enlightenment thought. ä The Great Awakening

Followers of this religious philosophy viewed God as a “clockmaker” who created the world but then left it to operate on its own. ä Deism

The ideas of natural rights and the “social contract” represent aspects of this man’s social philosophy. ä John Locke

Many Englishmen migrated to the colonies in search of land after this movement deprived them of communal farm land in England. ä The Enclosure Movement

This first attempt at colonizing in Virginia was a failure. ä The Roanoke Colony

What was the key difference in the attitudes of the colonists and the Indians toward land ownership? ä The Indians did not believe that land was something to be owned and sold but rather used communally.

What factors led to fewer Englishmen choosing to come to the American colonies and a consequent rise in the number of slaves purchased in the colonies? ä Lower unemployment and higher wages in England

The colonies referred to as the “Restoration Colonies” are so called because of what event in England? ä Restoration of the Stuart Monarchy to the throne

This leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony hoped that the settlement would be “as a city on a hill. ” ä John Winthrop

According to the Puritan work ethic, how was a wealthy person viewed by the community? ä He was seen as having God’s favor

In 1636, he led his followers to Hartford and founded the new colony of Connecticut. ä Thomas Hooker

The introduction of horses to Plains Indian culture is an example of this joining of Old and New World elements. ä The Columbian Exchange

This group of American colonists adhered to the doctrine of Calvinist predestination. ä The Puritans of Mass. Bay

On whom did “New Light” preachers place blame for the decline in religious piety among the colonists? ä “Old Light” ministers

How did the market economy of New England undermine the Puritans? ä The desire to succeed for oneself in business ran counter to the Puritan ideal of community.

For what main reasons might New Englanders have had large families? ä Providing insurance against the loss of children ä Ensuring that the family had workers

This man led a revolt against Virginia Gov. Berkeley, due in part to Berkeley’s Indian policies. ä Nathaniel Bacon

He was the governor of the Dominion of New England. ä Edmund Andros

He attempted to overthrow Sir Edmund Andros and claim control of Massachusetts. ä Jacob Leisler