IAE Branch of RSE NNC RK Materials Science

IAE Branch of RSE NNC RK Materials Science. Role in the Development of Modern Technology Sherzod Kurbanbekov Ph. D, Senior Researcher, Thermal materials testing laboratory 11. 02. 2018 Kurchatov – 2015 kurbanbekov@nnc. kz, sherzod 05_88@mail. ru tel: +77024003488

Materials science is the scientific study of metallic and non-metallic materials used in engineering, the objective regularities of the dependence of their properties on the chemical composition, structure, processing methods and conditions MAIN TASKS: To know the physical essence of the phenomena occurring in materials under the influence of the various factors in the conditions of production and operation; To show their influence on the structure and properties of materials; To establish the relationship between composition, structure and properties of materials; To study theory and practice of different methods of hardening materials, which ensure high reliability and durability of machine parts, tools and other products; To explore the main groups of metallic and non-metallic materials, their properties and area of application 11. 02. 2018 2

Stone age Mesolithic : 1 – flint edge; 2 – the digger made of an antler; 3 – scraper; 4 – hacket; 5 – bone tip with stone inserts; 6 – bone hook; 7 – geometric microlites; 8 – bone harpoon. 11. 02. 2018 3

Copper and bronze ages 11. 02. 2018 4

Iron age 11. 02. 2018 5

The history of development metal smelting Furnace for melting metal by the ancient Persians (3500 B. C. ) Modern blast furnace to produce cast iron from ore Ore melting and irons smithing 11. 02. 2018 6

The history of materials science The founders of modern materials science 11. 02. 2018 7

For the first time established a link between the structure and properties of steel Mikhail Lоmonosov 1711 -1765 11. 02. 2018 8

Founder of materials science and theory of heat treatment of steel in Russia Dendritical crystallization: а) Chernov’s dendrite (30 cm height, 3, 45 kg mass); б) Chernov’s scheme of dendritic structure: 1 – the axis of the first order, 2 – the axis of the second order, 3 – the axis of the third order Dmitry K. Chernov (1839 -1921) 11. 02. 2018 9

Prominent figures in the nuclear industry Andrey A. Bochvar (1902 -1984) Specialist in non-ferrous metals and alloys (solidification, casting properties, recrystallization, heat resistance) and metallurgy of uranium and plutonium. 11. 02. 2018 Igor V. Kurchatov (1902 -1960) Soviet physicist, "father" of the Soviet atomic bomb. The founder and first Director of the Institute of Atomic Energy from 1943 to 1960, the chief scientific leader of the nuclear problem in the USSR, one of the founders of the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. 10

10 of the most significant achievements of mankind in the field of materials science ØIron melting ØThe invention of the transistor. This discovery was made in 1948 by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley. A copy of the first transistor 11. 02. 2018 11

ØThe discovery of the periodic system of elements of D. I. Mendeleyev 11. 02. 2018 12

ØThe invention of glass 11. 02. 2018 13

ØOptical microscopy, discovered in 1668 by Antony van Leeuwenhoek Visual appearance the first microscope 11. 02. 2018 Visual appearance the modern microscope 14

ØThe composition of modern concrete, designed in 1775 by John Smeaton (hydraulic cement), the main building material of the modern world. ØMethod of smelting steel, discovered around 300 BC in India. Later this method was the basis for the manufacture of Damascus steel, attempts to reproduce the secret of which gave impetus to the medieval metallurgy. 11. 02. 2018 15

ØCopper smelting, discovered in the fifth millennium BC in Asia Minor. It was found that the liquid copper can be obtained from malachite and lapis lazuli and the fact that the liquid metal takes the form of a matrix. ØMethod of refining cast iron and scrap iron into steel, was developed in 1856 by Henry Bessemer. Method ushered in an era of cheap large-scale production of steel 11. 02. 2018 16

$ØX-ray diffraction Max von Laue 1879 -1860 x-ray diffraction image: Pattern that forms on$

ØX-ray diffraction Max von Laue 1879 -1860 x-ray diffraction image: Pattern that forms on film exposed to x-rays 11. 02. 2018 17

New technical ideas and inventions made technological revolution 11. 02. 2018 18

The first car from Maybach-Motorenbeu company – a chic Maybach W 3 (1921) 6 -cylinder engine with capacity of 5. 7 liters and 70 HP 11. 02. 2018 19

Maybach today Biturbo 12 -cylinder engine 11. 02. 2018 20

Scientific and technical progress laptop (1979) GRi. D Compass: developed in 1979, the housing is made of magnesium alloy, the weight is 5 kg (that time fantastically light). In the early 80‘s the laptop flew into space. 11. 02. 2018 21

Modern laptop The richest assortment of materials in a single laptop Weight is 1 kg 840 g 11. 02. 2018 22

The development of photocameras 11. 02. 2018 23

Alloys based on titanium and nickel 11. 02. 2018 24

The nose fairing of the launch vehicle "PROTON-M” 11. 02. 2018 25

Ultralight materials and latest technology in materials science 11. 02. 2018 26

Braking you can reset the speed from 370 km/h to 80 km/h in just 3 seconds. 11. 02. 2018 27

Nanofantasy 11. 02. 2018 28

The application of nanotechnology 11. 02. 2018 29

The Department of material testing IAE NNC RK 11. 02. 2018 30

The main equipment of the Department Test bench for the reactor materials research "LIANA" X-ray diffractometer DRON-3 include a recording system based on a PC 11. 02. 2018 Experimental facility for postradiation thermo-desorption materials research "VIKA" A station of optical metallography 31

The main equipment of the Department Scanning electron microscope JSM-6390 Test bench for high temperature material testing "VCG-135" Facility for determining thermophysical characteristics "UTFI-2" 11. 02. 2018 Experimental facility for corrosion testing under pressure "CORINA" 32

Modern materials are needed everywhere! Shipbuilding Aircraft 11. 02. 2018 Machinery construction Rocket production 33

Do you want to look inside a variety of materials 11. 02. 2018 34

The microstructure of steel Austenite Ferrite Perlite Troostite Bainite Martensite 11. 02. 2018 35

Edge dislocations, which appeared on the surface of the metal 11. 02. 2018 36

Thank you for your attention 11. 02. 2018 37