I Introduction Chart of water shortage in

I. Introduction

Chart of water shortage in 1995 and the forecasts for 2025

II. Factors reducing the availabilities

1°) Increase in the world population

2°) Global warming

Storms

Reduction in the level of water in the Amazon river

• 3°)Reserves overexploited, wasted and polluted

a) overexploited Reserves

b) Waste of water

Europe • Europeans consume eight times more fresh water than their grandparents for their daily use

Australia • An inhabitant who lives in Sidney consumes on average more than 1000 litres of drinking water per day

North of America • An Northen American from 300 to 400 litres

Developing countries • Whereas in certain developing countries, average consumption person doesn't exceed a few litres.

c) Water pollution

III Water, a source of conflicts between nations

The Nile a water resource

The Tiger and Euphrates

Conflicts in the world • 1. The bursting of the ex the USSR caused the creation of many small States. So rivers and lakes are divided between countries, causing conflicts. • 2. In the Close East water is a source of discords (Israel and Palestine) • 3. Turkey, Syria and Iraq, whose relations already are very degraded, dispute the resources of the two rivers the Tiger and Euphrates. • 4. The basin of Indus, is divided between China, India and Pakistan. • 5. For Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia where there is drought, with the Nile they can make agriculture

BEN ISSA Abdel CHAABI Leïla LAKI Noussoura