I 2 Joint Techs Linking the World with

I 2 Joint Techs: Linking the World with Light 1 Copyright AARNet 2005

Massive increase in International connectivity 2 Copyright AARNet 2005 Why?

Light paths for Massive data transfers A small number of users with large data transfer needs can use more bandwidth than all other users 3 Copyright AARNet 2005 • From CANARIE

Australia Japan Cable Southern Cross APCN 2 SEAMEWE 3 4 Copyright or New Cable AARNet 2005 Three paths from Australia

Trans. Light Pacific Wave An initiative of the US National Science Foundation’s International Research Network Connections Program 5 Copyright AARNet 2005 • Partners: AARNet, CENIC, Pacific Wave, University of Hawaii • Distributed International Peering Exchange along US West Coast • Hybrid Optical Packet Infrastructure • Seed Global Astronomy Initiative based around the international telescopes at

AARNet, Pacific Wave, NLR, . ……. . 6 Copyright AARNet 2005

Optical Developments 7

User Controlled Light Paths • Techno speak for end user created dedicated Gigabit Ethernets • Could be across the campus or across the world • Various organisations working on creating the point and shoot interface 8 Copyright AARNet 2005

Why? Type 3 users: How many times can you say “CERN”? : ) Astronomers, e. VLBI, High Definition multimedia over IP 9 Massive data transfers from experiments 2005 Copyright AARNet • Cees de Laat classifies network users into 3 broad groups. – Lightweight users, browsing, mailing, home use. Who need full Internet routing, one to many; – Business applications, multicast, streaming, VPN’s, mostly LAN. Who need VPN services and full Internet routing, several to several + uplink; and – Scientific applications, distributed data processing, all

AARNet Perspective • Utilise the AARNet 3 Optical network • Need “excess” edge interfaces accessible to end users • Share “excess” trunk capacity • Seeding idea with researchers and educators • IT staff need to consider implications – SECURITY!! 10 Copyright AARNet 2005

What would the user see? • Ideal case is a web form – – Source interface Destination interface Timing information “Make it so” button • Current version more hands on – Email exchanges – Possibly physical patching of circuits 11 Copyright AARNet 2005

What is the GLIF? • Global Lambda Infrastructure Facility – http: //www. glif. is 12 Copyright AARNet 2005 • International virtual organization that supports persistent data-intensive scientific research and middleware development • Provides ability to create dedicated international point to point Gigabit Ethernet circuits for “short term”

Huygens Space Probe 13 • Cassini spacecraft left Earth in October 1997 to travel to Saturn Very Long Baseline • On Christmas Day 2004, the Interferometry Huygens probe separated from (VLBI) is a Cassini technique where widely separated • Started it’s descent through the radio-telescopes dense atmosphere of Titan on observe the same 14 Jan 2005 region of the sky simultaneously to • Using this technique 17 generate images of telescopes in Australia, China, cosmic radio Copyright Japan and the US were able to sources AARNet 2005

AARNet - CSIRO ATNF contribution 14 Copyright AARNet 2005 • Created “dedicated” circuit • The data from two of the Australian telescopes (Parkes [The Dish] & Mopra) was transferred via light plane to CSIRO Marsfield (Sydney) • Ce. NTIE based fibre from CSIRO Marsfield to AARNet 3 Giga. POP • SXTrans. PORT 10 G to Seattle • “Light path” to Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE)

AARNet - CSIRO ATNF contribution VLBI Fringes 15 Copyright AARNet 2005 • The data was transferred at an average rate of 400 Mbps • 1 Gbps path was available, TCP stack tuning important • The data from these two telescopes were reformatted and correlated within hours of the end of the landing • This early correlation allowed calibration of the data processor at JIVE, ready for the data from other telescopes

Using the Infrastructure Focus Areas: Immersive Multimedia e-Health e-Learning “Big” science High Energy Physics and the Large Hadron Collider Astronomy – EXPRe. S 16 Copyright AARNet 2005 and the Square

Research. Channel Global Delivering Australian Research and Education content to the nation and the world 17 Copyright AARNet 2005 • Consortium of International Research and Education organisations collaborating on Standard and High Definition Immersive Multimedia capture, storage and delivery – – – – AARNet (Australia) ANF (Korea) I 2 Cat (Spain) Surfnet (Netherlands) LARC (Brazil) Wide (Japan) Research. Channel (USA)

Research. Channel Activities • Supercomputing 2004 • Capture • Stream • Edit • Store 18 Copyright AARNet 2005 – Uncompressed HD video Canberra, Seattle, Pittsburgh • APAN – Bangkok Thailand – Access Grid HDV • Nordunet – Svalbard Spitburgen – European streaming and repository technology • National Association of Broadcasters 2005 – Las Vegas USA – Exhibition of Audio, Video and

Research. Channel Activities • Capture • Stream • Edit • Store 19 Copyright AARNet 2005 • University of Washington – Seattle USA – Digital. Well – Next version of HD video systems using HDV • Internet 2 Members Meeting – Washington DC – Dual technology development streams • USA • Europe/Asia Pacific

Research. Channel Future Activities • Capture • i. Grid (September 2005) – HD video presentation by Larry Smarr to APAC conference • Stream • Edit • Store 20 Copyright AARNet 2005 • Build content library

APEC Emerging Infections Network 21 • Initiative of University of Washington to build contacts, Build a network technology and experience to of people able to respond to global pandemic facilitate and disease outbreaks within the support medical APEC community personnel during disease • SARS and Avian Influenza outbreaks • Tabletop exercises • Facilitate and Develop Human networks and Infrastructure capabilities Copyright AARNet 2005

e-learning 22 Image taken remotely by a Canadian student using the Charles Sturt remote telescope Copyright AARNet 2005 “the Eye” • Repositories of learning objects • Video conferencing nationally and internationally (Joint project with UK) • Promotion of science in schools through participative virtual environments and remote control of instruments (Faulkes Telescope and “the Eye”)

EXPRe. S and Square Kilometre Array data generator • SKA bigger Australia one of countries bidding for SKA – significant infrastructure challenges 23 AARNet and CSIRO ATNF partners in Eu Commission funded EXPRe. S project to link 16 radio telescopes around the Copyright AARNet 2005 world at gigabit than LHC • But in a remote location

Large Hadron Collider The worlds largest data generating source – Terabytes/sec 28 km circumference underground tunnel – particle collisions expected to find new sub-atomic matter 24 Copyright AARNet 2005 • Working with Geoff Taylor’s High Energy Physics Group – Uni. Melb • Australia will be a Tier 2 Site

In Conclusion 25 Copyright AARNet 2005 • AARNet (on behalf of its members) is well represented in international initiatives • Focus is on new opportunities that the infrastructure provides • What has been presented is no more than a brief snapshot of the sorts of activities that we’re involved in (time constraints) • Please talk with one of our staff during the conference to

• Thank you 26 Copyright AARNet 2005