Human kidney Human kidney — a unique

Human kidney

Human kidney - a unique body that acts as the entire waste management system that operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. They continuously purify the blood of harmful substances capable ( with an accumulation of a large number of ) harm the health or even lead to death of the organism. The structure of the human kidney can not be called simple : consisting of several elements of the parenchyma of the kidney acts as a filtering mechanism, and the renal pelvis - as waste steered mechanism. To understand how important the role of the kidneys in the human body , just enough to read the below information on the structure and function of the kidneys. Paired organ - the human kidney

The structure of the human kidney On the human kidney entrusted many vital functions. If you look at that body section , you can see that the anatomy of the kidney is the same primitiveness. The main elements of the structure of the kidney are: • Renal capsule - a thin but extremely durable shell that encloses body kidneys. The components of the renal capsule and the renal parenchyma are receiving system - drain urine. • renal parenchyma - tissue consisting of cortex (outer region ) and medullary ( inner region ) of the substance. The medulla contains 8 -12 renal pyramids , which, in turn, are formed by collecting duct. In the parenchyma of the kidney are nephrons. • The nephron - the filtering units of the kidney of man. • renal pelvis - funnel-shaped cavity that takes urine from the nephrons. • The ureter - the body that takes urine from the renal pelvis and delivers it to the bladder. • Renal artery - a blood vessel that branches off from the aorta to the kidney and brings waste products contaminated blood. In most kidney artery further divided into several branches. Every minute of the kidney is delivered about 20% of the blood pumped heart. Some arteries nourish the kidney cells themselves. • Renal Vienna - a blood vessel that delivers the filtered blood from the kidney to the vena cava.

How do the human kidney? Work human kidney is organized in 2 stages: filtering the blood and excretion of urine. They occur one after the other as follows: - renal parenchyma purifies the blood; - renal pelvis collects and carries urine.

Renal function in humans About what function is performed by the kidneys , they know almost everything. Undoubtedly , the key function of the human kidney is to clean the blood of waste products. Waste - any substance that is not used by the body. Interesting fact : " During the day, the human kidney parenchyma time to completely clean the blood of about 50 times. " But cleansing the blood of renal function is not restricted. This important body will also perform several other important functions : • Urine formation , • Maintaining a normal water and salt balance of blood. • Regulation of blood pressure. • Adjusting the p. H in the body. • Development of hormones. • Development of vitamin D. Each kidney function is essential for good health. If for any reason a human kidney is not functioning properly , it can lead to very serious consequences , including kidney disease , or other organs, and even death.

Dimensions kidneys are normal The normal size of the kidneys in adults meets the following parameters: • Length: 10 -13 cm • Width: 5 cm - 7. 5 cm • Thickness: 2 - 2. 5 cm If you compare us with familiar objects, the human kidney in size like a normal computer mouse or a fist. The average weight of an adult kidney ranges of 150 -160 g, and both kidneys together constitute about 0. 5% of total body weight. This specification only standard healthy kidneys, but may vary depending on the height, weight, and even human's sex.

The size of the kidneys in children To say that is the norm , when it and the children about the size of the kidneys in children is not so easy, because different children develop in completely different ways. However, some studies the researchers were able to determine the average length of children with renal bound age: • 0 -2 months - 4. 9 cm • 3 months to 1 year - 6. 2 cm • 1 -5 years - 7. 3 cm • 5 -10 years - 8. 5 cm • 10 -15 years - 9. 8 cm • 15 -19 years - 10. 6 cm Again, it's worth noting that this is only average. The actual size of the kidneys in adults in each individual case depends on the parameters (weight, height, etc. ) of the child.

Abnormal: different sizes of kidney If the kidney is much smaller than normal , the reason for this may be the following diseases: • Chronic pyelonephritis • Chronic renal failure • Chronic kidney obstruction • Congenital hypoplasia • Renal artery stenosis , etc. If the dimensions of the human kidney are much higher than normal, then we can talk about the following diseases: • Acute renal thrombosis • Acute renal infarction • Acute pyelonephritis • Doubling of the kidney • Polycystic kidney disease It is important to know that in the presence of any disease is not always the case that the kidneys hurt, symptoms may be absent altogether , and illness in the meantime continues to slowly destroy the vital organs. Also, some of the symptoms of kidney disease is not always possible to recognize immediately, as they often mimic symptoms of other diseases. For example, human kidney disease symptoms may be loss of appetite, and human skin pallor , and muscle spasms, and a fatigue.

What would happen if a human kidney to stop working ? The main function of the kidneys in humans - cleaning the blood of toxins. And if the body stops working , the toxins , excess water and waste products begin to accumulate in the blood, poisoning the body. . In general , to any symptoms should be treated very carefully , and if the patient is already assigned , for example , the treatment of kidney stones or some other disease of the body , taking action to immediately, as delay may result in the extinction of renal function. Thus, on the basis of the foregoing , we conclude that small in size, but rather complex in structure of human kidney perform many functions without which the existence of the organism becomes impossible. That is why it is important to be attentive to the health of their kidneys , and in the case of any problems immediately seek the help of doctors. Fortunately , modern medicine can successfully solve many problems , offering patients the treatment and control of acute , infectious and chronic kidney disease.

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