Human Development Planning and Monitoring Tools by Dr

Human Development Planning and Monitoring Tools by Dr. K Seeta Prabhu UNDP India PMRDF Training Programme TISS, Hyderabad 1 May 2012

OVERVIEW In this presentation we will learn about Ø Human Development Reports Ø Global Ø National Ø Sub-national Ø Village HD cards Ø PAHELI- Peoples Audit of Health Education and Livelihoods Survey Ø Human development radars

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORTS Ø HDRs at global, regional, national and sub-national level powerful advocacy tools Ø Themes of Global HDRs trigger discussion on important issues Sustainable development (2011) Ø Mobility and human development (2009) Ø Fighting climate change (2007/08) Ø Ø Human Ø Ø development reports also Estimate human development indices and rank countries accordingly Disseminate a wide variety of human development indicators Ø UNDP HDRO Website

REGIONAL AND NATIONAL HDRs Ø Ø Ø Regional HDRs – nested between national and global HDRs Ø Discuss region specific development challenges and solutions Ø More than 30 regional HDRs have been released so far First National HDR prepared by Bangladesh in 1992 Since then National HDRs have gained popularity and today more than 700 NHDRs have been released worldwide

PRINCIPLES OF HDR PREPERATION Ø 6 key principles have been set out for HDR preparation to ensure quality by the Human Development Report Office, UNDP Ø Not a blueprint- one size fits all approach- but basic principles to ensure quality and impact 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. National Ownership Participatory and Inclusive Preparation Independence of Analysis Quality of Analysis Flexibility and Creativity in Presentation Sustained Follow-Up

NATIONAL AND STATE HDRs IN INDIA Ø National HDRs released in India- 2 Ø Ø 2001 - National Human Development Report 2011 - India Human Development Report: Towards Social Inclusion Ø Sub-National or State HDRs- 26 released in 21 States Ø India has the distinction of conducting the largest sub national HDR exercise in the world Ø Chhattisgarh SHDR and West Bengal SHDR won global awards for participatory process and quality of analysis

STATE HDRs Ø Principles of SHDR preparation Ø Government Ownership Ø Participatory Process Ø Independence of Analysis Ø Challenges in preparation of SHDRs Ø Government’s fear of public opinion Ø Adversarial nature of dialogue between NGOs and Government Ø Change in political regimes Ø Strong opinions of diverse groups Ø Defensive government departments

DISTRICT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORTS Ø DHDR - enables disaggregated HD analysis at the district level Ø Prepared in partnership with local government and NGOs Ø Used as tools for district planning –suggestion to use DHDRs as district gazeteers Ø > 80 DHDRs under preparation – 44 released Ø DHDR preparation a challenge due to Ø Ø Non availability of data on HD indicators at district level Lack of technical capacity at district level

DHDRs RELEASED

VILLAGE HD CARDS Ø People-centred official data collection to supplement Ø Human Development Report Card Ø Chhattisgarh HDR – Village reports for 17, 000 villages Ø Data collected by people for use by people Ø Chhattisgarh clip Ø Data collection not an impersonal Ø Statistics, their collection and use exercise affect people’s lives Ø Imperative to involve people as ‘agents’ rather than as ‘respondents’ or ‘beneficiaries’

SOME HD MONITORING TOOLS Ø Human Ø Ø development radars Introduced first in 2001 India HDR Used in Bankura district HDR 2007 - Ø Pictorial tool for depicting HD indicators – vulnerability (migration and fluctuations in foodgrain production), sanitation, malnutrition, institutional delivery, female literacy wage level, gross output per capita

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT RADARS Ø Used instead of composite indices – most useful at taluka level where data constraints severe Ø Can be used to display data at disaggregate level- rural urban gaps can be seen pictographically Ø Data for different time points can be displayed in the same diagram Ø No weights required for indicators Ø Larger number of indicators can be displayed simultaneously

RAPID ASSESSMENT SURVEYS Ø Severe constrains on data availability at district levelgives greater importance to surveys like PAHELI Ø Peoples Audit of Health Education and Livelihoods Survey - rapid assessment of the prevailing status of human development in a district Ø Four dimensions: livelihood, water and sanitation, mother and child health and education and literacy Ø Main features of the survey Ø Ø Ø Simple to use- uses pictorial tools Engages local stakeholders especially the youth Is an effective countercheck for official data at local level

PAHELI SURVEY- STORY SO FAR PAHELI surveys have been supported by UNDP and conducted by ASER centre Ø Two rounds of surveys have been conducted so far Ø Ø 2006 - in 11 most backward districts in India Ahmednagar, Maharashtra Chamba, HP Dhemaji, Assam Lower Subansiri, Aru Pra Mewat, Haryana Jalore, Rajasthan Ø Bidar, Karanataka Dakshini Dinajpur, MP Gajapati, Orissa Mandla, MP Mon, Nagaland 2011 - in 8 most backward districts Udaipur, Rajasthan Nalanda, Bihar Hardoi, UP Sundargarh , Orissa Bhilwara, Rajasthan Korba, Chhattisgarh Gumla, Jharkhand Rajgarh, MP

ADVANTAGES OF PAHELI Ø Ø Pictorial survey format engages interest of participants Format makes it easy to share final findings and raise awareness Indicators chosen linked to objectives of important national development schemes – results instrumental in evaluating, improving and increasing uptake of programme Survey designed after intensive study of national and international demographic, economic and human development surveys and hence reliable

STEPS IN DISTRICT PLANNING Ø Involve panchayats at the district, intermediate and village levels in rural areas Ø Municipalities, line departments and parastatals in urban areas in outlining their functions and responsibilities and prepare a plan for execution 1. First step is to gather relevant data 2. Next is to analyze data to set priorities 3. Match the set priorities to available budgets 4. Define processes of implementation 5. Set and monitor targets

GROUP WORK PLANNING FOR HD AT DISTRICT LEVEL Groups according to States time allotted – 45 minutes Objective: to get an idea of HD planning at District level Tasks: Outline steps in HD planning incorporating the principles of the HD approach Discuss within the group what the priorities will be imagining that you are the residents of the district – you can choose to incorporate role play – one can be a collector – another CEO of Zilla Parishad Create a vision and plan for the district Outline steps to implement and monitor the plan Your plans will be peer reviewed in ‘market place’

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