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How to S. T. U. D. Y. And Understand the Bible In 5 Simple How to S. T. U. D. Y. And Understand the Bible In 5 Simple Steps Without Learning Hebrew or Greek © La Verne Tolbert, Ph. D. 1

The Law of the Lord is perfect converting the soul. (Psalm 19: 9) 2 The Law of the Lord is perfect converting the soul. (Psalm 19: 9) 2

The Greatest Lie “I Can’t Understand The Bible!” We must study or… Be diligent The Greatest Lie “I Can’t Understand The Bible!” We must study or… Be diligent to present yourself approved to God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth. (2 Timothy 2: 15) 3

Non-Negotiable #1 • The Bible is Inspired. – 2 Timothy 3: 16, 17 (HO) Non-Negotiable #1 • The Bible is Inspired. – 2 Timothy 3: 16, 17 (HO) – History of the Canon (HO) 4

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All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine (teaching), All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine (teaching), for reproof (teaches us what sin is), for correction (when ther is error), for instruction in righteousness (how to live holy) that the man of God may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work. (2 Timothy 3: 16, 17) 6

Non-Negotiable #2 • The Bible is Inerrant. – “without error” – Like wet and Non-Negotiable #2 • The Bible is Inerrant. – “without error” – Like wet and water, inspiration and inerrancy are inseparable – If we can’t believe everything in the Bible, how can we believe anything in the Bible? – Jehovah’s Witnesses (p. 12) 7

Non-Negotiable #3 • The Bible is Alive. – Hebrews 4: 12 “For the word Non-Negotiable #3 • The Bible is Alive. – Hebrews 4: 12 “For the word of God is living and powerful. . . ” God is speaking to us today. 8

Hebrews 4: 12, con’t “…and sharper than any double-edged sword, piercing even to the Hebrews 4: 12, con’t “…and sharper than any double-edged sword, piercing even to the division of soul and spirit, and of joints and marrow…” God knows our spiritual condition. 9

Hebrews 4: 12, con’t “…and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of Hebrews 4: 12, con’t “…and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart. ” God knows what we’re suppressing. 10

Where do I begin? • • • Begin with context; Begin with a framework; Where do I begin? • • • Begin with context; Begin with a framework; Begin with a good translation; Begin with genre; Begin with prayer. 11

Begin with Context • How do we read other books? • Context means the Begin with Context • How do we read other books? • Context means the verses are connected to the verses that precede it and to the verses that follow. • The OT helps us understand the NT. 12

Begin with a Framework The metanarrative presents the BIG picture from beginning to end. Begin with a Framework The metanarrative presents the BIG picture from beginning to end. 13

Begin with a Good Translation • The best translation is the one you read…or Begin with a Good Translation • The best translation is the one you read…or listen to! 14

Begin with Genre • Know the type of book you’re reading so you’ll look Begin with Genre • Know the type of book you’re reading so you’ll look through the correct lens and read it correctly. (TEST HO) • There are 5 different genre in the OT: law, history, poetry, major prophets, minor prophets. • NT: gospels, history, letters or epistles, general letters, prophecy. 15

5 types of Genre On a blank piece of paper, trace your hand. Write 5 types of Genre On a blank piece of paper, trace your hand. Write the 5 genre or types in the Old Testament. Repeat for the New Testament 16

Genre of the Old Testament 1. Law Books Genesis – Deuteronomy 2. History Books Genre of the Old Testament 1. Law Books Genesis – Deuteronomy 2. History Books Joshua – Esther 3. Poetry Books Job – Song of Solomon 4. Major Prophets Isaiah – Daniel 5. Minor Prophets Hosea – Malachi 17

Genre of the New Testament 1. Gospels Matthew-John 2. History Acts 3. Letters Romans-Hebrews Genre of the New Testament 1. Gospels Matthew-John 2. History Acts 3. Letters Romans-Hebrews 4. General Letters James-Jude 5. Prophecy Revelation 18

Begin with Prayer • Our relationship with God has to be cultivated through the Begin with Prayer • Our relationship with God has to be cultivated through the spiritual discipline of prayer and Bible study. • The Holy Spirit is our guide, our helper (John 16: 13). 19

S. T. U. D. Y. and Understand Step into the sandals of the author. S. T. U. D. Y. and Understand Step into the sandals of the author. Take time to look up words. Understand the figure of speech. Dig deeper than the surface. Yield to God. 20

Step Into the Sandals of the Author 21 Step Into the Sandals of the Author 21

A New York Slogan If you can make it here, you’ll make it anywhere! A New York Slogan If you can make it here, you’ll make it anywhere! What slogans or sayings are generic to the place where you were born and raised? (Neighbor Nudge) Debrief with class 22

Answer the 5 Ws and How! • Who is the audience? • What is Answer the 5 Ws and How! • Who is the audience? • What is the situation being addressed? • When is the author writing (immediate historical event)? • Where is the author writing from…to (place)? • Why is the author writing (purpose)? • How is God relating to His people in this passage? 23

See the biblical account unfold in Israel, Africa, Asia and Europe. Look closely at See the biblical account unfold in Israel, Africa, Asia and Europe. Look closely at the dusty land ancient world of the Bible. Smell the fish of the fishermen, the sweat of the warriors, the foods of foreign lands, and the incense in the Temple. Note customs and ritual performances filled with Messianic expectations. See the OT as a shadow of the NT as the writers anticipate the redemptive plan of God. 24

Virtual Tour of Israel The culture of the Bible is very different than the Virtual Tour of Israel The culture of the Bible is very different than the culture of our 21 st Century Western world. Here’s a brief peek. . . Video 25

Homework: Read Psalm 1 three different times. – Read silently – Read aloud – Homework: Read Psalm 1 three different times. – Read silently – Read aloud – Read to music What did you hear? What did you notice? 26

So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the sandals of the author. 27 So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the sandals of the author. 27

Take Time to Look Up Words Did God really say that? 28 Take Time to Look Up Words Did God really say that? 28

Dictionaries, Concordance, History, Commentaries • Bible dictionaries are the best source for defining biblical Dictionaries, Concordance, History, Commentaries • Bible dictionaries are the best source for defining biblical words. • Concordance helps us to find the original scripture passage. • Reference books that offer pictures of the land of Israel and show the customs of the people shed light on cultural nuances. • Commentaries are someone else’s comment. These should be our last resort. 29

A Recommended List… of Bible study tools… – Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance – Vine’s Expository A Recommended List… of Bible study tools… – Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance – Vine’s Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words – The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament by Craig S. Keene 30

So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the world of the author. Take time So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the world of the author. Take time to look up words. 31

Understand the Figure of Speech Figures of speech are a writer’s arsenal because words Understand the Figure of Speech Figures of speech are a writer’s arsenal because words have power! 32

What is a Simile? A simile is a comparison that is obvious. Simile uses What is a Simile? A simile is a comparison that is obvious. Simile uses words, “like” and “as”. 33

What is a Metaphor? A metaphor is a figure of speech that suggests or What is a Metaphor? A metaphor is a figure of speech that suggests or implies a comparison. Things unrelated are compared for the sake of emphasis. 34

Examples of Simile and Methaphor Simile—uses the words “like” or “as” I Peter 5: Examples of Simile and Methaphor Simile—uses the words “like” or “as” I Peter 5: 8 (adversary roams about as a roaring lion) Metaphor—implicit comparison Psalm 91: 13 (tread upon the lion and cobra) Mark 16: 18 www. youtube. com/watch? v=Obhv. Oe. NCKhs 35

What is Hyperbole? Hyperbole is exaggerated language. Hyperbole is used for emphasis. 36 What is Hyperbole? Hyperbole is exaggerated language. Hyperbole is used for emphasis. 36

Example of Hyperbole—exaggerated language 2 Timothy 4: 17 b (delivered out of the mouth Example of Hyperbole—exaggerated language 2 Timothy 4: 17 b (delivered out of the mouth of the lion—See also Psalm 22: 21 to which Paul may have referred. ) 37

What is Anthropomorphism? Anthropomorphism is a figure of speech that attributes human forms or What is Anthropomorphism? Anthropomorphism is a figure of speech that attributes human forms or personality to God. 38

Is the language… • Anthropomorphic— Attributing to God human form – Psalm 17: 7; Is the language… • Anthropomorphic— Attributing to God human form – Psalm 17: 7; 18: 35 (your right hand has held me up) – Psalm 34: 15 (eyes…ears…) 39

Attributing to God Characteristics of Birds and Animals God’s wings are a common metaphor Attributing to God Characteristics of Birds and Animals God’s wings are a common metaphor in Scripture, but this does not mean that God actually has wings! Example: Ruth 2: 12 40

Is the metaphor…an animal or bird? Attributing to God the characteristics of animals: – Is the metaphor…an animal or bird? Attributing to God the characteristics of animals: – Rev. 5: 5 (behold the Lion of the tribe of Judah) – Psalm 91: 4 (God does not have feathers or wings, but feathers provide shelter and warmth; wings protect) 41

So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the world of the author. Take time So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the world of the author. Take time to look up words. Understand figures of speech. Words have power! 42

Dig Deeper Than the Surface 43 Dig Deeper Than the Surface 43

Dig Deeper…Always Read the pages in your study Bible that precede each book. The Dig Deeper…Always Read the pages in your study Bible that precede each book. The details are here…no need to search any further unless you want to! You’ll find for example: Historical Background Occasion and Date Purpose Characteristics Content Personal Application Christ Revealed The Holy Spirit at Work 44

Circle the Neighborhood Where are the schools? Is there a Mc. Donalds? Supermarkets? How Circle the Neighborhood Where are the schools? Is there a Mc. Donalds? Supermarkets? How far away is the cleaners? How close are the freeways? 45

Dig Deeper…Circle the Neighborhood The Passage Immediate Context Wider Context Other Books By the Dig Deeper…Circle the Neighborhood The Passage Immediate Context Wider Context Other Books By the Author Cross References 46

Example • Romans 1: 17 The just shall live by his faith. Compare with Example • Romans 1: 17 The just shall live by his faith. Compare with Habakkuk 2: 2 The just shall live by faith. 47

Will you dig up something new? Probably not! 2 Peter 1: 20, 21 The Will you dig up something new? Probably not! 2 Peter 1: 20, 21 The Bible is the ultimate authority! 48

The Bible’s Common Thread • God’s faithfulness to mankind • Man’s response to God The Bible’s Common Thread • God’s faithfulness to mankind • Man’s response to God in faith 49

Dig Deeper by Checking Details • • Write it down. Make a list, chart, Dig Deeper by Checking Details • • Write it down. Make a list, chart, or graph. Draw a picture. Keep looking for more clues. • Read the passage over and over and over again! 50

Dig Deeper with Topical Study is a study of…yes, topics! What biblical topics interest Dig Deeper with Topical Study is a study of…yes, topics! What biblical topics interest you? How do you begin to dig deep? 51

Choose The Topic, then… 1. Begin at the end of your Bible. 3. Read Choose The Topic, then… 1. Begin at the end of your Bible. 3. Read the 2. This many Concordance is passages shorter about your (abbreviated) topic. and a good 4. Apply the place to begin. same principles— check genre, look up words. 52

Word Study Word study is a study of…yes, words! What words interest you? How Word Study Word study is a study of…yes, words! What words interest you? How do you begin to dig deep? 53

Choose the Word, then… 1. Is it a noun (people, place, or thing), a Choose the Word, then… 1. Is it a noun (people, place, or thing), a verb (an action)? 2. Is the genre the same— literal or figurative? 3. Look closely at context for the author’s original meaning and intent. 4. Look up and write down the biblical definitions. 54

Biographical study is a study of…yes, biography! What characters or individuals interest you? How Biographical study is a study of…yes, biography! What characters or individuals interest you? How do you begin to dig deep? 55

Choose The Character, then… 1. Read all biblical references about that character. 2. Write Choose The Character, then… 1. Read all biblical references about that character. 2. Write down several themes that emerge from your study. 3. Read the passages again to discover which theme is primary. 4. Write a “biography” of the character. 56

So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the world of the author. Take time So far, we’ve learned to… Step into the world of the author. Take time to look up words. Understand figures of speech. Dig deeper than the surface. 57

Yield to the Holy Spirit 58 Yield to the Holy Spirit 58

Agree or Disagree? If you don’t have regular time in the Word, you will Agree or Disagree? If you don’t have regular time in the Word, you will never be used greatly by God and will remain a weak and ineffective Christian all your life. 59

Agree or Disagree? Not having time for Bible study is a matter or priorities, Agree or Disagree? Not having time for Bible study is a matter or priorities, not a matter of time. If you put God first in your life, you will have more time. 60

Agree or Disagree? It’s better to have Bible study with a crummy attitude than Agree or Disagree? It’s better to have Bible study with a crummy attitude than not to have any Bible study at all. 61

James 1: 22 -25 Know yourself. Be honest with God. Real feelings can be James 1: 22 -25 Know yourself. Be honest with God. Real feelings can be expressed to God. Example: Psalm 73 62

It’s been said “It’s not the passages we don’t understand that give us problems. It’s been said “It’s not the passages we don’t understand that give us problems. It’s the passages that we do understand. ” 63

Dick Innes (author) I Hate to Witness says: • To know and not do Dick Innes (author) I Hate to Witness says: • To know and not do is not yet to know. • To believe and not act is not yet to believe. • I truly believe only that which causes me to act. 64

Ask…? What has God been speaking to you lately? Is there anything that’s keeping Ask…? What has God been speaking to you lately? Is there anything that’s keeping you from obeying? Neighbor Nudge… 65

We’ve learned to STUDY Step into the world of the author. Take time to We’ve learned to STUDY Step into the world of the author. Take time to look up words. Understand figures of speech. Dig deeper than the surface. Yield to the Holy Spirit. 66