How NAC Enhance Wireless LBS Applications Xinhang Shen NAC Geographic Products Inc. www. nacgeo. com International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
CURRENT PROBLEMS International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Specify Locations Current location based services usually use street addresses to specify locations that has many problems: ØMost locations do not have street addresses ØIt’s difficult to input addresses with foreign characters ØIt’s time-consuming to input street addresses ØAn address database is always outdated & incomplete International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Specify Areas Currently, location based services usually specify areas by names of political entities, postal codes, map sheet numbers, street addresses plus ranges or geographic coordinates. These methods are ØIncomplete ØInefficient ØLanguage dependent ØNon-standard International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Wireless LBS Due to the lack of efficient, standard and complete methods to specify locations and areas, wireless LBS services are facing serious problems: ØIt’s extremely time consuming to input addresses on cellphones with telephone keypads ØIt requires many screens to specify locations or areas on a cellphone ØIt’s almost impossible to input foreign characters on cellphones International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
The Natural Area Coding System International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Objective The new system is to standardize, optimize and unify ØGeodetic datums ØGeographic coordinates ØGeographic area codes ØMap grids ØAddresses ØPostal codes International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Approaches To reach the objective, the new system: ØUnifies the concepts of geographic areas and geographic locations because any point can be represented by a relative small area ØUses more characters (the 30 most popular characters in the world) instead of digits to compress the representation 0123456789 BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXZ ØIntroduces a standard, highly efficient, flexible and unified representation for both an area and a location International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Definition The Natural Area Coding System is defined by a series of grids called NAC Grids to divide the world: Level 1 Grid: divide the world into 30 divisions in both longitude and latitude directions. Level 2 Grid: divide each cell on Level 1 Grid into 30 divisions in both directions. Level n Grid: divide each cell on Level n-1 Grid into 30 divisions in both directions, where n = 2, 3, . . Each division is assigned a NAC character accordingly. International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Representation – Simple NAC A Natural Area Code (NAC) is written in a strict format that starts with: “NAC: ” followed by two character strings representing longitude and latitude respectively separated by a blank space, e. g. NAC: 8 CNB Q 7 Z 4 Where: 8 and Q represent Level 1 NAC Grid coordinates C and 7 represent Level 2 NAC Grid coordinates N and Z represent Level 3 NAC Grid coordinates B and 4 represent Level 4 NAC Grid coordinates International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Representation – Complex NAC A series of neighboring NACs forming a rectangular area on a NAC Grid can be written as a complex NAC, e. g. NAC: 8 CNB Q 7 Z 4 + NAC: 8 CNC Q 7 Z 4 + NAC: 8 CNB Q 7 Z 5 + NAC: 8 CNC Q 7 Z 5 = NAC: 8 CNB-C Q 7 Z 4 -5 8 CNB Q 7 Z 4 8 CNC Q 7 Z 4 8 CNB Q 7 Z 5 8 CNC Q 7 Z 5 8 CNB-C Q 7 Z 4 -5 With complex NAC, any area can be specified by a NAC. International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
NAC Cell Sizes Each simple NAC represents a NAC cell anywhere in the world with an area approximately equal to: LEVEL Sample NAC AREA 1 NAC: 8 Q 1000 x 700 km 2 NAC: 8 C Q 8 33 x 23 km 3 NAC: 8 CN Q 8 Z 1. 1 x 0. 8 km 4 NAC: 8 CNB Q 8 Z 4 35 x 25 m 5 NAC: 8 CNBD Q 8 Z 4 H 1. 2 x 0. 8 m International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
APPLICATIONS International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Universal Address An eight or ten character NAC representing an area about 25 x 35 meters or 0. 8 x 1. 2 meters anywhere in the world is called a Universal Address that can specify uniquely in the world: ØEach building ØEach house Our address ØEach gate/door ØEach parking meter 1608 -45 Huntingdale Blvd. ØEach fire hydrant Toronto, ON M 1 W 2 N 8 ØEach sewage exit Canada ØEach tree NAC: 8 CNB Q 8 Z 4 ØEach street light ØEach bus stop Our Universal Address International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Universal Address (cont’d) Compared with traditional addresses, the Universal Address has many advantages: ØStandard in the entire world ØLanguage independent ØDefined everywhere ØEasy to display, read, remember and communicate ØFit small spaces of business cards, yellow pages, etc ØPinpointed on all maps with Universal Map Grids ØNavigated with GPS receivers ØMake emergency services faster and more reliable ØAs Global Postal Code to sort both domestic and international mail to final mailboxes automatically International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Business Cards The Universal Address can perfectly fit the limited space of a business card as part of an address to help people to reach the location more efficiently: ØGet direction and distance NAC Geographic Products Inc. http: //www. nacgeo. com from street signs Xinhang Shen, Ph. D. ØPinpoint the location on maps President & CEO ØNavigate to the location with 1608 -45 Hintingdale Blvd. Tel: (416) 496 6110 Toronto, ON M 1 W 2 N 8 Fax: (416) 496 9241 GPS receivers Canada NAC: 8 CNB Q 8 Z 4 xshen@nacgeo. com ØSpecify the location on location Universal Address based services quickly International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
GPS Watch Displaying Universal Addresses instead of other geographic coordinates can eliminate the need of maps and make it: ØSmaller ØLighter ØLonger battery life ØLess expensive ØEasier to use Widely using GPS watches will start a new era for using digital spatial information International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
GPS Watch (cont’d) International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
GPS Cellphone Ø Manufacturers are reluctant to display geographic coordinates on a cellphone even if it has a GPS inside because they are useless to consumers. Ø This will be changed by Universal Address because they are directly related to addresses, postal codes, street signs, maps, yellow pages, etc. Ø Displaying Universal Addresses on cellphones will turn cellphones into powerful navigation tools. International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Universal Map Grids ØStreet maps use locally defined grids because accurate geographic grids based on UTM or longitude/latitude will produce long coordinates that are difficult for consumers to use. ØNAC Grids called Universal Map Grids can solve the problem. They can be applied on all kinds of maps and the resulted grid coordinates are highly efficient Natural Area Codes. ØUniversal Addresses can be directly pinpointed on all maps with NAC Grids. The location information on these maps are directly connected. International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Phone Books Universal Addresses can be easily listed with telephone numbers on telephone books so that people can: ØDirectly pinpoint the locations on all maps ØNavigate to the locations with GPS receivers ØEfficiently use all location based services ØConveniently use all other GIS applications International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Driving Directions Services Using Universal Addresses instead of street addresses to specify locations can ØReduce 80% of input keys ØAvoid inputting foreign characters ØEliminate errors of address databases ØExtend the services to all locations It can also make a multi-page interface for driving directions on a cellphone fit into a single page. International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Retrieving Maps Using Natural Area Codes instead of longitude/latitude coordinates to retrieve maps on GIS and map servers can save 80% of input keys and also make the map codes much easier to remember and communicate. Bottom left corner longitude -79. 6417 degrees Bottom left corner latitude 43. 5167 degrees Top right corner longitude -79. 1917 degrees 43. 8167 degrees Top right corner latitude NAC: 8 C Q 8 Get Map International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Location Based Search Using Natural Area Codes instead of street addresses to specify a searching area can save 90% of input keys and make the searching available on all areas no matter whethere addresses or not. Type Restaurant Street 45 Huntingdale Blvd. City Toronto State Ontario ZIP M 1 W 2 N 8 Country Canada Range 1 KM Type Restaurant NAC: 8 CB Q 8 Z Search International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Global Postal Codes Universal Addresses can be used as Global Postal Codes for all countries to sort both domestic and international mail to final mailboxes automatically with many advantages: ØDefined at all addresses and locations in the world ØNever used up ØNo need to be assigned and maintained ØSelf-error detection ØPolitical neutral ØMultiple uses International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Global Postal Code on Mail Global Postal Code International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Street Signs Universal Addresses can be marked on all street signs and highway sections so that people can ØDirectly estimate the distance and direction from the current street sign to any destination by comparing the two Universal Addresses ØRecord accurate locations for accidents, events, parking locations, etc International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Universal Property Identifier Universal Address can be used as Universal Property Identifiers with many advantages such as: ØValid in the entire world ØNever used up and always well aligned ØRepresenting accurate location ØSaving space in storing geographic coordinates ØEfficient for communication International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Emergency Services Using Universal Addresses instead of street addresses in dispatching and communicating location information can significantly enhance emergency services and make them faster and more reliable because they can be: Ødirectly pinpointed on all maps. Øefficiently input and displayed on all GPS devices Øeasily remembered and communicated International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
CASE STUDY International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Mobile Location Based Service Network A five-star wireless LBS providing ØCross-nation turn-by-turn driving directions ØMaps from detail street maps to world maps ØLocation based searching of restaurants, hotels, gas stations, parking places, amusement places, etc of 26 countries in eight language for all kinds of wireless devices. International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Mobile Location Based Service Network Driving directions service International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Mobile Location Based Service Network Map service International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Mobile Location Based Service Network Location based business searching International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
SUMMARY International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Accomplishments The Natural Area Coding System has unified geographic coordinates, geographic area codes, map grids, addresses, postal codes and property identifiers. It makes all location related products, services and technologies highly efficient and closely related. This is even more significant on small wireless devices which have very small screens and telephone keypads. International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
As Universal Property Identifiers to unify identifiers and coordinates Listed on telephone books to enhance location information As part of an address perfectly fit a business card As Global Postal Codes to sort all mail from world level to final mailboxes Marked on street signs to help travelers determine the distance and direction of any destination A Universal Address is a highly efficient and unified representation of an address, postal code, area code, map grid coordinates and geographic coordinates. Displayed instead of meaningless longitude and latitude on GPS watches and cellphones to turn them into timespatial clocks and navigation tools To specify locations on any LBS to reduce 80% input keys, avoid inputting foreign characters, eliminate errors from address databases and extend services to all locations with and without addresses. They can be directly pinpointed on all kinds of maps in any scales and projections International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Quotations from the Globe and Mail “The Holy Grail in terms of addresses is a simple system that will work in all countries. ” – Tim Evangelatos, Strategic Technologies and Policy Advisor for Geo. Connections at Natural Resources Canada “This is an elegant solution that seems to supply something that is becoming necessary as the world becomes more globalized, ” – Matt Ball, Editor of Gwo. World magazine. “It’s only a matter of time before something like this will be implemented. ” International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
Thank you! International IT Conferences in Toronto on October 14 -16, 2003 NAC Geographic Products Inc.
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