How Does History Reveals its Secrets?
Behind Every Answer Lurks a New Question
Our Goals: • Help Students to Get It Right • Help Students to Ask the Next Question • New Questions May Cause Us to Change Old Answers – • History Is Not Memorizing, It Is a Process of Knowing
It Is All In How You
• RL. 1. 1. Ask and answer questions about key details in a text. • RL. 2. 1. Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text.
Myth Detective • Hear story, find the big 5 in it
• RL. 2. 5. Describe the overall structure of a story, including describing how the beginning introduces the story and the ending concludes the action. • RL. 2. 7. Use information gained from the illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot.
• RI. 2. 1. Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text. • RI. 2. 5. Know and use various text features (e. g. , captions, bold print, subheadings, glossaries, indexes, electronic menus, icons) to locate key facts or information in a text efficiently.
• RI. 2. 7. Explain how specific images (e. g. , a diagram showing how a machine works) contribute to and clarify a text. • RI. 2. 8. Describe how reasons support specific points the author makes in a text. • RI. 2. 9. Compare and contrast the most important points presented by two texts on the same topic
• RI. 5. 4. Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 5 topic or subject area. • RI. 5. 7. Draw on information from multiple print or digital sources, demonstrating the ability to locate an answer to a question quickly or to solve a problem efficiently.
Walk Like An Egyptian • • • Think like a Historian A scientist A mathematician A biologist A psychologist A reporter
Terms of Art • • Cause and effect Scientific method Big 5 questions How many times do you model a fiction writer’s process versus how many times do you model a nonfiction writer – or expert – process?
From • Problem solved • To • Problem solving
Was There a Real John Henry?
What Is In a Song? • Seeing Through the Words
http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=xx. Re. Ox. Rw. S-g
• Miss Mary Mack, All dressed in black, With silver buttons, All down her back, back She asked her mother, For fifty cents, To see the elephant, elephant. Jump over the fence, fence. He jumped so high, He reached the sky, And he never came back, ‘Till the end of July, ‘ly.
How Can We Learn About The 40, 000 Missing Men
Listen • John Henry he could hammer, He could whistle, he could sing He went to the mountain early in the mornin' Just to hear his hammer ring, Lord, Lord Just to hear his hammer ring. When John Henry was a little baby, Sittin' on his daddy's knee He picked up a hammer, a little piece of steel, Said hammer be the death of me, Lord, Lord Said hammer be the death of me • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=xx. Re. Ox. Rw. Sg&feature=related
C&O • "John Henry was just a little baby Sittin' on his mammy's knee, Said the Big Bend Tunnel on the C&O Road Is gonna be the death of me, O, Lawd Gonna be the death of me. "
Scott Goes to Big Bend
Drill Needs Ten Feet
Stuck
Look Again, In New Way • See what is right in front of your eyes
• Oh they took John Henry to the White House And they buried him in the sand Every locomotive come roarin' by Says there lies a steel drivin' man, Lord, Lord There lies a steel drivin' man
Prison Record • John William Henry • Elizabeth, NJ • 5 foot 1 and 1/4
Buried in the Sand
Lewis Tunnel
JH • • Coded Story of a Crime Song of Warning Trackliners Pass Along Show Students How to Find Hidden Past in a Song – Ask then to look for past in other song, game, rhyme, they know.
• • • Song = pattern, rhythm, work song Who sang it, where, why – 5 Song tells a story Photos show us who sang it Diagram of drilling Youtube of song
Two Structures in One • Detective Story of Scott’s Quest • Follow Clues • Solve mystery • • Begin in middle Context Key clue Solution
Visual • Look just at the pictures – what is the story? • Look just at the text – which images would you like to see?
Inside NF • • • You have found Story Structure And 2 books in one Help young people to do the same
POV – 5 th Grade • Quick Trip to Stonehenge
Way Back in Time • Sediba
Middle School • RI. 8. 2. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary of the text. • RI. 8. 6. Determine an author’s point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how the author acknowledges and responds to conflicting evidence or viewpoints.
8 th Grade POV
• Home from their lost adventure came the tattered Cavaliers. . . Grimly they came hobbling back to the desolation that had once been a land of grace and plenty. And with them came another invader. . . more cruel and vicious than any they had fought. . . the Carpetbagger
What Is In an Event?
What Happened in Boston on December 16, 1773?
Why…. • The question we always ask: Why Did Sam Adams Throw the Tea into the Harbor? • The question I asked: Why Did the British Send the Tea?
What Could War Elephants Have to Do With the Boston Tea Party? • What War Took Place Between 1756 and 1763? • What War Did George Washington Start – When He Was a British Soldier? • What Was the First Truly Global War?
France vs. England or • The Seven Years War • Battles in • Europe; Africa; the Philippines, the Caribbean, India, and in North America we call it • The French and Indian War
Who Invented Text Messaging?
Teenagers in Finland
Your Cell Phone is Part of a Global Trend, Just as • The French and Indian War was the American, Flatland, slice of the first Global War,
The Indian Slice of the Global War
How can 3, 000 Men Defeat 50, 000?
Bribe the Opposing General
This Is Why You Don’t Speak French
Outcome of 7 Years War • England Rules Canada • England Controls Ohio Valley • East India Company rising in India
1765: East India Company Rules
East India Company Flag
1794 US FLag
The East India Stock Bubble
How Did a Virginia Planter Buy European Clothes and Jewels For His Wife?
Scottish Merchant
Famine
A Macroni Gambler
AYR Bank Collapse
Foreclosed
Virginia, 1773
EIC On Verge of Bankruptcy Asks the Government for a
British Government Lends EIC • 1, 300, 000 British pounds • How can the company repay the crown?
EIC Has One Last Asset • 1, 400, 000 British pounds worth of:
Tea to Boston
Why Did the British Send the Tea? • Behind Each Answer Lurks Another Question
I Mentioned
Lets Look at a Familiar Historical Geometric Shape in Flatland, and in the Real World
Was There a Triangle Trade?
The Diligent, 1731 • “Over 40% of the value of the trade goods carried by the Diligent was made up by cloth and cowries from India. ”
Was This Unusual? • No: “From the mideighteenth century Indian cloth accounted for 1/6 to ¼ of total British exports to Africa. ” And in five selected years between 1767 and 1776, Indian cloth was 36% of French exports to Africa • Cotton Textile Exports from the Indian Subcontinent, 1680 -1780, Prasannan Parthasarathi
How Did Europeans Pay for Indian Cloth? • Barnabas de San Theresa: “it seems that all the money from the West Indies is coming to these East Indies. ” • Silver greased the trade of Asia, and 85% of it came from Bolivia, Peru, and Mexico. • Asian-Arabian-Mediterranean (Ottoman)European trade motor of world economy
Real Trade Is Sphere • Europe Trades with India (Arabian Sea Trade) • Makes possible Atlantic slave trade (Africa) • Paid with South American silver
What Is a Triangle With Two Sides? • Most goods from West Indians went to Europe in special boats, not slavers. In fact, only the captain and a few officers were valuable. Crew scattered in the Americas; ships were cheap. American goods sent later. • Herbert Klein, “Atlantic Slave Trade to 1650”
Triangle Trade is Flatland • • Leaves Out Asia Leaves Out Arabian Sea trade Leaves Out South America Blurs actual voyages with vague, inaccurate, summary of goods exchanged
Your Turn • • Take any middle grade NF What question is it asking? What is the author’s POV? Can you tell? How? Pair it with a book with a different POV Does the book inspire a new question?
What Is In a Current Event?
What Happened?
Chile mine collapse leaves around 30 trapped • SANTIAGO, Chile—Rescuers scrambled Friday to dig out 34 copper mine workers trapped nearly 1, 000 feet (300 meters) below ground after a tunnel caved in.
What Really Happened?
Copper
The Magic Metal
Master of the Forge
A Mine Is a Map
August 10 -21, Drilling Blind
August 21 -22
Who Was Above, And Who Below • Lessons from the mine • Maps, connections, what the world can do, and what we can do, working together
What Was the One Word that Saved the Men?
How Can We Look Back 2 Million Years?
What Is This?
The Source • • • Australopithecus Sediba Australopithecus means “Southern Ape” Sediba means – the wellspring, or The Source And
Possibly • The link between chimps and the beginning of the human line, • 1. 97 million years ago. • But we could as easily call it
The Question
Sediba is Being Investigated By • Dr. Lee Berger and his team
But the first fossil was found by
His then 9 year old son Matthew • Next slide is Matthew with • Omphemeste Keepile, a girl from South Africa who named the fossil – which is now a nearly complete skeleton, along with another nearly complete one of an adult female, perhaps his mother, Karabo: The answer
Growing up Lee loved nature • Boy Scout • 4 H • Georgia State Youth Conservationist of the Year
What Do You Think Is the Most Rare Thing on Earth?
No
Lee Set Out to Find Hominid Fossils
17 Years, 7 fragments
Until
Looking In New Ways He • Saw new things • Just like walking in the woods, and noticing arrowheads, and tortoises. • Because he looked with new eyes and asked new questions, he found new answers. And we can do the same.
Griffin
Protoceratops
Cyclops
Dwarf Elephant
Sweetness and Power Finding World History In a Label
How Can We Learn About the Africans Who Worked in Sugar? • www. sugarchangedtheworld. com
How Can We Crack Open Secrets and Lies?
Contact Info • • • www. marcaronson. com www. sugarchangedtheworld. com Nonfiction Matters – blog on the SLJ site marc@marcaronson Rutgers MLIS program
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