How do we make passive sentences in Portuguese

How do we make passive sentences in Portuguese? n Os jogos olímpicos são disputados a cada 4 anos. n Mais um carro foi incendiado no Rio. n O novo ar condicionado será instalado nas férias

How do we make passive sentences in Portuguese? n Os jogos olímpicos são disputados a cada 4 anos. n Mais um carro foi incendiado no Rio. n O novo ar condicionado será instalado nas férias

How do we make passive sentences in Portuguese? ser + verbo principal (particípio)

How do we make passive sentences in English? to be + main verb (past participle)

Students’ own examples

How do we make passive sentences in English? n Present simple: My car is serviced twice a year. n Present continuous: My car is being serviced now. n Past simple: My car was serviced last month. n Past continuous: My car was being serviced when I went to the garage. n Present perfect: My car has already been serviced. n Past perfect: My car had been serviced by 2 o’clock. n Future simple: My car will be serviced tomorrow. n Future perfect: My car will have been serviced by Monday. n Modals: My car must be serviced before the trip.

two-object verbs n I gave Ann a book for her birthday.

two-object verbs n I gave Ann a book for her birthday. n A book was given to Ann for her birthday (by me). n Ann was given a book for her birthday (by me).

two-object verbs n ask n bring n pay n send n sell n lend n offer n promise n tell n write n buy n give

two-object verbs n I lent Paul some money. n Some money was lent to Paul (by me). n Paul was lent some money (by me).

two-object verbs n She asked me a favour. n A favour was asked of me (by her). n I was asked a favour (by her).

two-object verbs n Laura will send me postcards from Hungary. n Postcards will be sent to me from Hungary (by Laura). n I will be sent postcards from Hungary (by Laura).

When to use passive sentences? n When we do not know who the agent is. n When it is irrelevant to mention who the agent is. n When this agent is obvious. C In other words, when the execution of the action is the important information.

Passive: have something done n I had my hair cut. ≠ n I cut my hair.

Passive: have something done n I had the house cleaned. ≠ n I cleaned the house.

Passive: have something done n I had the car repaired. ≠ n I repaired the car.

Passive: it is said that. . . n People say [that Alexandre likes heavy metal]. n It is said [that Alexandre likes heavy metal].

Passive: it is supposed that. . . n People suppose [that Rio is a very dangerous place]. n It is supposed [that Rio is a very dangerous place].

Passive: it is known that. . . n People know [that Romário is lazy]. n It is known [that Romário is lazy].

Passive: it is expected that. . . n People expect [that all the students pass this course]. n It is expected [that all the students pass this course].

General structure n People say [that Alexandre likes heavy metal]. expect* believe think know suppose consider understand

General structure n It is said expected* believed thought known supposed considered understood [that Alexandre likes heavy metal].

Passive: he is said to. . .

Passive: he is known to. . .

General structure n He is said to like heavy metal. expected believed thought known supposed considered understood

n People say [that Alexandre likes heavy metal]. n It is said [that Alexandre likes heavy metal]. n Alexandre is said to like heavy metal.

n People suppose [that Rio is a very dangerous place]. n It is supposed [that Rio is a very dangerous place]. n Rio is supposed to be a very dangerous place.

n People know [that Romário is lazy]. n It is known [that Romário is lazy]. n Romário is known to be lazy.

n People expect [that all the students pass this course]. n It is expected [that all the students pass this course]. n All the students are expected to pass this course.

n People know [that Collor was a corrupt president]. n It is known [that Collor was a corrupt president]. n Collor is known to have been a corrupt president.

n People consider [that Marilyn was a gorgeous woman]. n It is considered [that Marilyn was a gorgeous woman]. n Marilyn is considered to have been a gorgeous woman.