History • The Universal Postal Union was established in 1874 • The International Telecommunication Union was founded in 1865 • The first International Peace Conference was held in 1899 • The Treaty of Versailles established in 1919 • The "Declaration by United Nations" of 1 January 1942 • In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter • United Nations Day is celebrated on 24 October each year.
On 11 February 1945, following meetings at Yalta, President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin declared their resolve to establish "a general international organization to maintain peace and security".
The conference in San Francisco April, 25 in 1945
1 February 1946 Trygve Lie of Norway becomes first Secretary-General.
UN sessions General Assembly Security Council Six Main Committees: 1. Disarmament and International Security Committee 2. Economic and Financial Committee 3. Social, Humanitarian and Cultural Committee 4. Special Political and Decolonization Committee 5. Administrative and Budgetary Committee 6. Legal Committee General secretary has plenaries and It has meetings every day or every 2 days in different countries and they discuss and meetings every month. There are solve such issues as terrorism or about 7 -8 meetings per month. peacebuilding commission and others.
The Specialized Agencies Autonomous organizations linked to the UN through special agreements: • • • • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN) IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) ILO (International Labour Organization) IMF (International Monetary Fund) IMO (International Maritime Organization) ITU (International Telecommunication Union) UNESCO (UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) UNIDO (UN Industrial Development Organization) UPU (Universal Postal Union) WHO (World Health Organization) WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) World Bank Group WMO (World Meteorological Organization) WTO (World Tourism Organization)
Related Organizations • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) • Preparatory Commission for the Nuclear. Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) • Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) • World Trade Organization (WTO)
United Nations We are peoples… A stronger UN for a better world. The UN is central to global efforts to solve problems that challenge humanity. Cooperating in this effort are more than 30 affiliated organizations, known together as the UN system.
Human rights • • • Eleanor Roosvelt an important role in negotiating the Universal Declaration of Human Rights • • • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 rights and freedoms; the right to life; liberty and nationality; freedom of thought; conscience and religion; the right to work and to be educated; the right to food and housing; the right to take part in government; etc.
International Law • • • The over 510 conventions, treaties and standards - peace and security economic and social development: The International Law Commission The UN Commission on International Trade Law The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change The Convention on the Law of the Sea The Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs others
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