History of Israel Abraham Abraham is

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History of Israel

Abraham • Abraham is known as the father of the Jews • Around 1700 B. C. he was born in Ur in Mesopotamia (Along the Euphrates in modern day Iraq). • According to the Torah he made a covenant with God that he and the Hebrew people to worship only one God (Yahweh). • He left Mesopotamia and settled in Canaan because he believed God promised the Hebrews that land.

First Temple • Somewhere are 1000 -900 BC King Saul built a temple and dedicated to the Jewish people. • Later the Babylonians took control of the area and in 586 B. C. they destroyed the Jewish temple. • Many Jews were forced to leave this area and this would become known as the 1 st Diaspora. • The Hebrews later gained control back around 167 B. C.

2 nd Diaspora • When the Hebrews gained back control of the land they rebuilt the temple. • The Romans would come in and take control over the land. • Around 70 A. D. the Romans destroyed the 2 nd temple. • Many Jews were forced to flee and wound up in different parts of the world. • This became known as the 2 nd Diaspora. • A small piece of the temple remained it would continue to be a place of significance for the Jews even today.

Anti-Semitism • Many Jews had found their way into Europe. • During the 1800’s Anti. Semitism (hostility or prejudice against Jews) started to take hold throughout Europe. • Because Germans seemed the most tolerant of the Jews many would settle in Germany in the 1800’s.

Zionism • During the 1800’s a political movement began called Zionism. • A man named Theodore Herzl called for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine (Zionism). • Jews figured that having a homeland would give them a way to avoid persecution. • Theodore Herzl

The Holocaust • After WWI Germany was suffering economically. • A man named Adolf Hitler rose to power and blamed the Jews for what was going wrong with Germany. • Hitler began rounding up Jews throughout Europe and placing them in concentration camps. • At the end of the war it was discovered that 12 million people were killed in these concentration camps and 6 million of them were Jews.

The Creation of Israel • During the Holocaust people starting settling in Palestine to escape persecution. • Palestine is the modern day country of Israel • At the time Great Britain controlled Palestine and tried to partition Palestine into 2 countries; one part of Jews and one for the Palestinian Muslims that lived there. • The Muslims rejected the idea. • The British then handed over Palestine to the U. N to oversee. • On May 15, 1948 Israel was declared a country and the U. N. formally recognized their right to exist.

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