History of ET Nursing CAET Academy ETNEP

History of ET Nursing CAET Academy ETNEP

Early history • References to fecal diversion in Old Testament 2

Early Surgery • 1776 – French surgeon performed first documented ostomy surgery for bowel blockage. A sponge was attached to the opening with a bandage to absorb any effluent. 3

1950 - Preparing supplies • Nurse preparing bandages • Ostomy supply cart behind • Frequent dressing changes part of care at Cleveland Clinic, since there were no ostomy pouches 4

1950’s • Rags or a tin cup held in place by a leather belt to contain effluent • Patients housebound 5

1950’s • Norma Gill enters Cleveland Clinic with ulcerative colitis, meets Dr. Rupert Turnbull and discusses an ileostomy to save her life. – After 9 weeks and • Dr. Turnbull enlists Norma several surgeries, as a “stoma technician” to Norma begins a new help patients with an life with an ileostomy. 6

Bertha Okun First Canadian Enterostomal Therapist • • 1957 Ileostomy Surgery for UC Founder United Ostomy Assoc Became an ET with Norma Gill Served 17 hospitals & Clinics in Montreal Established Montreal Ostomy Center with her Husband Founded North American Association for Enterostomal Therapists (now WOCN) Member of CAET in 1982

1960’s • School of Enterostomal Therapy opens at Cleveland Clinic – Students must have an ostomy but RN not necessary • Development of post-operative pouch, – light weight, low cost, odor barrier plastic ostomy pouches are adapted from the food industry – Skin barriers developed • North American Association for Enterostomal Therapy founded in Cleveland. – Membership 33 therapists 8

1960’s • Start of ETs developing expertise in wounds: – ETs asked to consult for veterans returning from Viet Nam with ostomies and wounds. – Wounds next to stomas found to heal under ostomy skin barriers • Dr. Winters investigates moist wound healing 9

1970’s • 200 th person graduated from ET School • 3 Canadians graduated from Cleveland Clinic as ETs • German ET School started with help of Dr. Turnbull and Norma Gill • Representatives from 32 countries met in 1978 for first WCET meeting 10

1980’s • 1980 - First Canadian ET School started in Vancouver • Canadian ETs split from IAET to form C AET to address Canadian issues • U of T and Université de Montréal open ET nurse certificate programs • 1982 - Scope of practice expands to include acute and chronic wounds • 1986 - Scope of practice expanded to include continence care 11

1990’s • Programs at U of T and Montreal close • Nurses go to the USA for ETN training • 1995 – 55 countries recognize Stoma Therapy Nursing with schools in 21 countries • 1996 - CAET starts bilingual ETNEP 12

2000 + • 2007 - CAET- ETNEP goes online • 2008 - ET nursing is 50 years old – one of the oldest nursing specialties! • 2008 - CNA recognition as a Nursing specialty • 2009 – 60 ETNS write the 1 st Certification Exam • 2014 – 2 nd Canadian Certification Exam • 2016 – Competency redevelopment 13