History of Computers and IT in Kazakhstan Duisembiyeva Akzharkyn
Key dates • March 8, 1954 - ЛМВМ “Laboratory of Machine and Computing Mathematics” was organized by Presidium of Science Academy of Kaz. SSR with aim of solving labor –requiring tasks with computers. Currently it is Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics. • By the end of 70 th- automatized systems are involved in different spheres of human-being. This increased number of computers and IT specialists
Nowadays: The investing to IT sphere IDC (International Data Corporation)
Computer production and retailing • No computer producing company, only assembly computers firms (20 in total: 13 out of 20 are located in Almaty). • Retailers: • Number of companies selling exported computers=320 • Exporters: mainly China; share of Germany, Great Britain and USA decreased.
Exporting countries by % in market
Achievements • Electronic computer 80 -3 (in 1957): tabulating machine working on lamps and understanding 32 operations commands (early instance of programming machine). • - Used in Geology (search for sources of mineral resources) • - Used in Astrophysics ( determining zodiac light)
Т 5 tabulator In early 30 th for population census. Consisted of perfocards (for automatically input), commutation desk (for operations as addition and subtraction).
Ural-1 • 1961 -Release of Ural-1 for Central Committee of Communistic Party. • Big machine with cabinets (with mass>1000 kg), cooling aggregators, thousands of lamps in the room with area (200 squared meters) • Nowadays in the museum of “Exhibition of achievements of National Economy” • Programming: firstly, writing on the paper, then translating to the perfocards, then putting to the machine • Achievements while working with “Ural-1”: • -”Set and angle of distribution in flows made by core of substances” or Institute of Nuclear Physics of Kaz. SSR Academy of Sciences • - “Research of stream of high-energy splinters in nuclear processes”
Ural 1
Ural-1 in the museum
Big Electronic Counting Machine «БЭСМ-3 м» • In the middle of 60 th • In The Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics • It was the computer of 2 nd generation with frequency of 20000 operations per second. • Big Electronic Counting Machine looked like 42 separated boxes (mass>7000 kg) in room with area of 600 squared meters
Big Electronic Counting Machine Programming
Minsk 32 • Was released in the presentation in front of Sh. B. Yesenov President of Academy of Sciences of Kaz. SSR at the end of 1973.
The Computer Center of Academy of Sciences in 1990 with Minister of Sciences S. Shkolnik
Important scientists
Israel Yakovlevich Akushskiy
Israel Yakovlevich Akushskiy • One of founders of Computing in Kazakhstan, significant Mathematics scientist • Was invited by Dinmukhammed Kunayev, President of Central Committee of Kazakhstan Communistic Party in 1953. • Actively participated in developing of Computer Science; founded and governed the Laboratory of Machine and Computing Mathematics from 1954 -1956. • From 1957 - returned to Moscow for building the machines for military forces
Pavel Vasilyevich Shalagin
Pavel Vasilyevich Shalagin • The first worker of laboratory of Little Computers since 1954
Dzholdasbekov Umirbek Arislanovich 1931, Shymkent-1999, Almaty Scientist in Mechanics, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Member of Communistic Party from 1958 1970 -1986 — Head of Kazakh National University (the main university in Kazakhstan). 1988 -1994 – Director of Institute of Mechanics and Computer Science of Academy of Sciences
Dzholdasbekov Umirbek Arislanovich • At 1972 -The first Faculty of Computer Science in Kazakhstan in Kazakh National University • The monument of Dzholdasbekov Umirbek Arislanovich in Almaty
Used resource • http: //kaznet. kazakh. ru/kaznet/33842. php
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