History and past of Digital Ecosystems Workshop Review

History and past of “Digital Ecosystems” Workshop: Review of the user needs Digital Ecosystems : re-tuning user requirements F. Nachira European Commission DG-INFSO - Unit “ICT for Business” Head of Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems“

Knowledge and Business networking : SMEs and local clusters in the knowledge-based global economy SMEs: from a limited environment to a global dynamic competition - need of: • more interrelations; • more specialised resources (marketing, legal issues, know) • more R&D / innovation; • accessing to global value chain; • accessing to knowledge How to reach the critical mass of resources ? large organisations, virtual enterprises, local clusters, . . . Industrial District 2 Growth Node Virtual cluster European Commission Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise NEtworking Business Ecosystem

Ecosystems Different views to ecosystem metaphor (biological, industrial, economy as an ecosystem, digital business ecosystem) Biological Ecosystem A system of organisms occupying a habitat, together with those aspects of the physical environment with which they interact (The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary 1993) A community of living organisms with air, water and other resources (The Merriam-Webster Third New Int’l Dictionary of the English Language 1986) 3 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Economy as an Ecosystem Social science approach Sees global economy as an entity Organizations and consumers are the organisms of the ecosystem 4 Competition, specialization, cooperation, exploitation, F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Business Ecosystem: J. F. Moore Ecosystem “An economic community supported by a foundation of interacting organizations and individuals “the organisms of the business world” Customers, lead producers, competitors, and other stakeholders “The keystone species” 5 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Business Ecosystem: Iansiti, Levien Ecosystem A large number of loosely interconnected participants who depend on each other for their mutual effectiveness and survival Keystone, dominator, hub landlord, niche player Productivity, robustness, niche creation 6 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Business Ecosystem: Power, Jerjian Ecosystem E-business view Integrated electronic business: Ecosystem consists of an interacting system of web sites and physical entities There is often one highly linked species Gradual birth of new businesses and the death of old ones Derivative work from Mirva Peltoniemi, Elisa Vuori Tampere University of Technology 7 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Digital Ecosystem: EC “Digital environment” populated by “digital species” The environment enables species to behave like species in the natural world –Evolve –Interact –Become extinct - EC-funded initiative to enhance the development of SMEs - ICT support for business ecosystems - aiming at regional innovation and growth 8 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Digital Ecosystem: L. E. view Ecosystem of applications built around their platform (e. g. SAP Net. Weaver) It includes a developer community building a set of services and a “service oriented architecture” on top of their platform Built on a proprietary technology, the owner sets the standards and the core architecture 9 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Digital Ecosystem the pervasive “digital environment” • supports the business ecosystems • is populated by “digital components” • evolves and adapts to local conditions with the evolution of the components THE SOFT SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, OFFERS AND TRANSPORTS SERVICES & INFORMATION (knowledge) EMPOWERING THE NETWORKING 10 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

What is a Digital Component ? • could be: software components, applications, services, knowledge, business processes and models, training modules, contractual frameworks, law. . . • . . and hopefully a mixture of these A USEFUL IDEA, EXPRESSED IN A LANGUAGE (formal or natural), LAUNCHED ON THE NET, WHICH CAN BE PROCESSED (by computers and/or humans) 11 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Business Ecosystems the local conditions shaping the economy Technical Infrastructure “create a favorable environment for business”: [Kok rep. ] business and people a business ecosystem socio-economic ecosystem Governance & Industrial Policy Human Capital, Knowledge & Practices 12 F. Nachira Legal Framework & Financial Conditions European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Digital Ecosystems the technical infrastructure supporting the Business Ecosystems W hic How to establish the infrastructure which supports the transition from industrial district to business ecosystem ? h. I CT Computing & Telecom. Infrastructure te ch no log Community Structured Architecture Protocols & Mechanisms 13 F. Nachira y? Knowledge of Business & Organisational Models European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Evolution in ICT-adoption: Increased complexity in business networking 14 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

The Digital Ecosystem integrated approach RESEARCH INNOVATION DEPLOYMENT Crucial condition for lead to economic growth is a broad deployment and use of ICT Competitiveness, market & internal by enterprises and public efficiency improve institutions… improve Cooperation & innovation networks support encourage make viable New organizational & business models catalyse Growth provide resources “Digital Ecosystem Infrastructure” ICTs improve shape & foster Open Source Evolutionary infrastructure supports Biology enhances supports Policy Derivative work from P. Dini - London School of Economics The Lisbon objective for the Information Society cannot be reached through research alone. R&D useless if other complementary policy instruments are not developed and used effectively. [5 y. A] 15 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 16 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 17 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 18 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 19 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 20 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 21 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 22 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

A representation of the digital ecosystem 23 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

Layers in the digital ecosystems [2002] Applications and processes Framework, Middleware, Infrastructure Platform Semantic Platform 24 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> November 2004

Layers in the industrial view [2005] A service-oriented platform 25 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Recommender FADA 26 F. Nachira BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM SEMANTIC PLATFORM (e. g. PROCESS MODELLING) MIDDLEWARE AND BASIC SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE PLATFORM PHYSICAL ARCHITECTURE ORTOGONAL SERVICES (e. g. TRUST) Domain Model SECTOR SPECIFIC SERVICES The digital ecosystem approach. . . European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Service Ontology Service Registry < >Brussels April 2004

. . . a systemic approach to enterprises global collaboration open-source, public, distributed pervasive environment - spontaneous evolution, adaptation and composition of services, digital content and sw components - embedding business rules, revenue models, ontologies. . . - Directorate-General Information Society and Media < >Brussels European Commission 27 F. Nachira Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital April 2004

Two co-existing production chains (for components and solutions) Big and SME software companies provide solutions Research and other initiatives Big Software Company Support region to develop and maintain the Ecosystem infrastructure; Dig ital Eco sys tem 1 Rent/Provide Software Solutions to SME Develop Software component for Big Enterprises platform

Two co-existing production chains (for components and solutions) Big and SME software companies cooperate in order to fully leverage the potential of the SME market creating business models based on their complementary market characteristics: Research and other initiatives Big Software Company Support region to develop and maintain the Ecosystem infrastructure; Dig ital Eco sys tem 2 Rent/Provide Software Components to SME DE infrastructure Develope tools and metodology allowing faster and cheaper component development Software SME Develop Software component for SME Derivative work from Angelo Corallo

Technologies for Digital Ecosystems cluster present, past, future • Launch of the concept • • Discussion paper “Towards a network of digital business ecosystems fostering local development” Spring 2003 - workshops • FP 6 - call 1 - 2003 • • • 3 IP proposals DBE project started in November 2003 2005 six regions acting as pilot (3+ 3) regions joined • Results • • initial sw results to be released in open-source (May) contribution in innovations and standards (OMG) concept of ecosystem “contaminated” platforms mainstream in industry and development policy strategies • Future research. /. F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> April 2005

DBE pilot regions (M 2004) Local Ecosystem co-funded by the project Local Ecosystem associated to the project Potential future take-up local ecosystems 31 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

Mission of “ICT for Enterprise Networking” Unit (D 5) Support research in ICT deemed to be crucial for the delivery of distributed and collaborative ambient intelligencebased solutions for the product lifecycle and of innovative inter- and intra-organisational systems and services in the enterprise environment. • Stimulate targeted international co-operations and strengthen the co-ordination of research activities and the convergence of research and innovation policies, at national, regional and EU levels 32 F. Nachira Special emphasis will be placed on digital “business ecosystems”, new intelligent and networked products, and the interoperability of enterprise sw and applications Orientation * technology driven <-> policy driven * long-term vision + intermediate results * industry-driven <-> user needs driven * ICT supporting growth of business ecosystems and enterprise networking European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> April 2004

The e-Business Clusters - call 1 -3 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

The e-Business Clusters - 2005 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

The e-Business Clusters - 2005 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D 5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital < >Brussels April 2004

ICT for Networked Business - FP 6 call 5 46 MEuro Key Objectives • – Software solutions adaptable to the needs of local/regional SMEs, supporting organisational networking and process integration • – Distributed collaborative ambient intelligence-based networkoriented systems for efficient, effective and secure product and service creation and delivery • Focus • – Digital business ecosystems for SMEs • • • open-source distributed self-adaptive environment and models enabling SMEs to cooperate for design, development of flexible and adaptable components interoperable with proprietary systems • • Support of spontaneous composition, sharing distribution of business solutions and knowledge • – Extended products and services • • decentralised architectures ; new approaches to business processes • – Horizontal actions • • IPR and legal issues raised by os, networked and collaborative paradigms 36 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> April 2005

Digital Ecosystems in FP 7 ? • 6 Technology Pillars • e. g. Software, Grids, trust and dependability • e. g. Embedded Systems • e. g. Nano/electronics • . . . based on your input and needs • • 1 Nano/Bio/Cogno convergence 4 Multi-technology, Multi-disciplinary Integration • 4 Application Poles • e. g. Personal environments • e. g. Robotic Systems • . . . • e. g. ICT for trust and confidence • e. g. ICT supporting business and industry • • New forms of dynamic netw. , interoperable co-operative business models & processes, digital eco-systems strengthening capacity of SME clusters… • • manufacturing of miniature and integrated ICT products… • – … 37 F. Nachira European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D 5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” <> April 2005