HISTORIC PRESERVATION THE LEED RATING SYSTEM BARBARA

HISTORIC PRESERVATION & THE LEED RATING SYSTEM BARBARA A. CAMPAGNA, AIA, LEED AP Graham Gund Architect of the National Trust Robie House, Chicago, IL

THE NATIONAL TRUST FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION The National Trust provides leadership, education, advocacy and resources to save America's diverse historic places and revitalize our communities.

Frank Lloyd Wright George, Colorado Hotel de Paris, Home & Studio, Oak Park, IL STEWARDSHIP OF HISTORIC SITES 29 Historic Sites Across the Country that tell the many-layered story of America.

Mississippi River, Minneapolis PROGRAMS The Programs department supports local preservationists in saving and enhancing historic resources.

PUBLIC POLICY Advocates the integration of preservation into public policies before federal, state, and local legislative bodies and appointed officials and pursues annual federal appropriations for state historic preservation and other programs.

Smog in the Hollywood Hills WHY ARE HISTORIC & EXISTING BUILDINGS IMPORTANT? BUILDINGS ACCOUNT FOR ALMOST HALF OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN THE UNITED STATES

Griffith Observatory, Hollywood, CA CLIMATE CHANGE Our Role • US emits 22% of greenhouse gases

“Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. ” WHAT IS SUSTAINABILITY? Source: UN World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987, The Brundtland Report

Pike Place Market, Seattle GOALS MAKE THE CASE FOR PRESERVATION AS INHERENTLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & CRUCIAL TO CONTROLLING CLIMATE CHANGE

Brucemore, A National Trust Site, Cedar Rapids, Iowa GOALS- PROMOTE 1. Building Reuse 2. Reinvestment in Older & Historic Communities 3. Retrofit the Existing Building Stock

Federal Courthouse, Tacoma, WA BUILDING REUSE 1. Preserves Embodied Energy And Avoids New Impacts 2. Reduces Amount of New Waste Added to Landfills 3. Lessens Demand for New Materials

Downtown Galena, Illinois REINVEST IN OLDER & HISTORIC COMMUNITIES 1. Preserves Embodied Energy & Avoids 2. New Impacts 2. Reduces Demand for New Infrastructure

Old San Juan, Puerto Rico GREEN THE EXISTING BUILDING STOCK 1. Traditional Historic Buildings were built to last 2. Many are already Energy Efficient

Nakamura Courthouse, Seattle A LEED Silver GSA Project GREEN THE EXISTING BUILDING STOCK 3. Energy performance Can be improved 4. Increasing Number of Historic buildings are going green

THE NATIONAL TRUST’s SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVE A FOUR-PRONG PROGRAM Policy Outreach Research Internal Practices

POLICY – NTHP AGENDA 1. Incorporate Preservation Metrics into LEED. 2. Federal/State 3. Expand Historic Tax Credits. 4. Tax Credits for Green Rehabs. 5. 3. Local 6. Ensure building codes are preservation friendly. 7. Encourage long range planning to target growth to existing communities.

Green Building Initiatives Tybee Island, GA Portland, OR Washington, DC Wisconsin Seattle General Services Administration Montgomery County, MD Washington State New York, NY California Scottsdale, AZ Austin, TX Nashville, TN San Jose, CA Chicago, IL Honolulu, HI Minneapolis, MN US Department of Agriculture Pennsylvania Public School Districts Colorado

CHICAGO, IL The Green Standard of 2004 All new city-funded construction and major renovation projects will earn LEED certification.

CHICAGO, IL The Green Permit Program Offering expedited permitting for projects that incorporate innovative green building strategies, including LEED certification.

WASHINGTON, DC Green Building Act of 2006 Requires LEED compliance with municipal and private projects over 50, 000 sq ft.

THE SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATION COALITION THE SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVE NTHP, APT, AIA & NPS + GSA & NCSHPO

environmental choices Reduce Re-use Re-cycle PRESERVATION CHOICES It is better to preserve than to repair, better to repair than to restore, better to restore than to reconstruct. N. Didron, 1839.

THE SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATION COALITION HOW TO BEST INTEGRATE PRESERVATION & CULTURAL VALUES INTO LEED & GREEN RATING SYSTEMS

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™ encourages and accelerates global adoption of sustainable green building and development practices through the creation and implementation of universally understood and accepted tools and performance criteria. WHAT IS LEED® AND THE US GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL?

Levels of LEED Ratings Green Buildings worldwide are certified with a voluntary, consensus-based rating system. USGBC has four levels of LEED. Test

WHAT IS LEED ? WHAT IS THE U. S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL? LEADERSHIP in ENERGY and ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN A leading-edge system for certifying DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, & OPERATIONS of the greenest buildings in the world Scores are tallied for different aspects of efficiency and design in appropriate categories. For instance, LEED assesses in detail: 1. Site Planning 2. Water Management 3. Energy Management 4. Material Use 5. Indoor Environmental Air Quality 6. Innovation & Design Process Test

LEED & HISTORIC PRESERVATION CURRENTLY 1. Out of 69 points, about 20 are building type neutral. 2. Another 10 support preservation activities. 3. Any existing building can basically get a “certified” rating with very little effort. 4. Getting “silver” requires a bit more effort and “gold” is readily achievable.

Visitor Education Center PRESIDENT LINCOLN’S COTTAGE ON TARGET FOR A GOLD LEED RATING FOR THE VISITOR EDUCATION CENTER ON THE SITE

Average Savings of Green Buildings CARBON SAVINGS 35% ENERGY SAVINGS 30% Source: Capital E Test WATER USE SAVINGS 30 -50% WASTE COST SAVINGS 50 -90%

What is green building? Design and construction practices that meet specified standards, resolving much of the negative impact of buildings on their occupants and on the environment. Site Planning Indo o Env r ir Qua onmen tal lity er Wat gement a Man M Us ater e ial y En g er Test

LEED & HISTORIC PRESERVATION CURRENTLY 1. Overlooks the impact of projects on cultural value; 2. Does not effectively consider the performance, longer service lives and embodied energy of historic materials and assemblies; 3. And is overly focused on current or future technologies, neglecting how past experience helps to determine sustainable performance.

THE NATIONAL TRUST & THE US GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL Building a Partnership Changing the Face of LEED

REVISING LEED – LEED v 3 2009 Changing LEED to a weighted system based on LCA Indicators & Preservation/Social/Cultural Metrics

LEED SYSTEM IS POINT BASED

NC 2. 2 v 3 Sustainable Sites 14 26 Water Efficiency 5 10 Energy & Atmosphere 17 35 Materials & Resources 13 14 Indoor Env Quality 15 Innovation & Design 5 6 Regional Bonus 0 4 69 110 Project Totals 110 Possible Points Certified 40– 49 points Silver 50– 59 points Gold 60– 79 points Platinum 80– 110 points LEED v 3 2009 3 key pieces: - LEED Rating System updates and revisions - Revision and evolution of the LEED certification process - LEED Online v 3

Arctic Building, Seattle WHAT IS LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS? A methodology for assessing the environmental performance of a product over its full life cycle

LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS LCA INDICATORS AND US NEPA NIST BEES – BUILDING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY

WEIGHTINGS LEED Weighted Credits

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf 1. LEED Prerequisite/Credit Alignment and Harmonization

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf 2. Predictable Development Cycle 3. Regular Updates – 2010, Cultural Metrics

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf 3. Transparent Environmental/Human Impact Credit Weighting

Hotel de Paris, Georgetown, CO LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf 4. Regionalization

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf Changes to Sustainable Sites

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf Changes to Energy & Atmosphere

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf Changes to Materials & Resources

Frank Lloyd Wright Home & Studio, Oak Park, IL LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf ALTERNATE COMPLIANCE PATH FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS OF BUILDING ASSEMBLIES

Old San Juan, Puerto Rico DURABILITY Identify the relative durability of various materials, systems and assemblies and reward buildings whose components are more durable.

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf Beyond green building blog on Preservation. Nation

LEED v 3 2009 Virtual Bookshelf Open for public comment May 19 -June 22 Then will go out for member vote for implementation January 1, 2009

French Quarter, New Orleans LEED ND (Neighborhood Development) The LEED for Neighborhood Development Rating System integrates the principles of smart growth, urbanism and green building into the first national system for neighborhood design.

SPRAWL Historic preservation reduces sprawl. LEED ND - a collaboration among USGBC, the Congress for the New Urbanism and the Natural Resources Defense Council.

Millennium Park, Chicago Manitou Springs, Colorado LEED ND Changes to the Pilot version coming out for final review this fall, with the final version ready for 2009.

LEED ND - GIB Credit 5 To achieve this point, the project must not demolish any historic building or portion of a historic building within the project boundary, unless approval for such action is granted by the local historic preservation review board, or equivalent body…

Reliance Building/Hotel Burnham, Chicago LEED ND OPTION 1 (1 point): Preserve historic buildings located within the project boundary. OPTION 2 (1 point): If the historic building or buildings are to be rehabilitated, rehabilitate in accordance with local review or federal standards for rehabilitation. .

Manitou Springs, Colorado LIFE CYCLE FLEXIBILITY Recognize the multiple reuses and adaptability of historic building types which extends the life cycle of buildings, the building stock and our communities.

DENSITY Places like Boulder are town-centered, transit and pedestrian oriented, have a greater mix of housing, commercial and retail uses and preserve open spaces.

Millennium Park, Chicago LEED v 3 2010 Virtual Bookshelf Adding more cultural/historic preservation and social metrics

Additional METRICS 1. Social Sustainability 2. Social Capital How to Quantify the Unquantifiable? INTEGRATING PRESERVATION METRICS INTO LEED

Frank Lloyd Wright Home & Studio, Oak Park, IL SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY Celebrate existing buildings and provide more reward for the recognized sites of architectural, cultural and social significance using nationally recognized standards and criteria.

Old San Juan, Puerto Rico SOCIAL CAPITAL Recognize the importance of “social capital” associated with historic buildings and neighborhoods.

THE NATIONAL TRUST & THE US GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL Building a Partnership Changing the Face of LEED 3. 0/2009 Weighting using LCA Alternative Compliance using Durability of Materials LEED 3. 0/2010 Preservation/Social Metrics

HISTORIC REHABILITATION TAX CREDITS THE ARMORY IN PORTLAND The first LEED Platinum/Tax Credit Project

HISTORIC REHABILITATION TAX CREDITS THE CHRISTMAN BUILDING Lansing, MI The first dual LEED Platinum Project AND Tax Credit Project

Milwaukee Art Museum, Calatrava BY 2030 50% OF ALL BUILDINGS WILL HAVE BEEN ERECTED AFTER 2000: 82 billion sq. ft. demolished THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTE, 2004

The Pritzker Pavilion, Gehry WE CAN’T BUILD OUR WAY OUT OF CLIMATE CHANGE THE SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVE

Governor’s Palace, Williamsburg, VA WE ALSO CAN’T FREEZE OUR WAY OUT OF IT…. THE SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVE

IT’S ALL ABOUT CHOICE AND BALANCE

View of Earth from Apollo 17, 1972

Polar Bears stranded in Northern Alaska, from the Daily Mail February 1, 2007, ©

WE ALL HAVE TO WORK TOGETHER TO IMPACT THE POLITICAL WILL THE SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVE

THANK YOU, NCSHPO & Historic Tax Credit Conference Colleagues!