HEPI Conference December 2 nd 2010 Competition V

HEPI Conference, December 2 nd 2010 Competition V Collaboration : What Does the Future Hold? Professor David Greenaway University of Nottingham

Coverage 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Changing Patterns of Competition Drivers of Collaboration Geography of Collaboration The Future for Collaboration A Case Study : Collaboration and Nottingham

Changing Patterns of Competition

Changing Patterns of Competition • Who competes? – Individual researchers – Disciplinary clusters – Higher education institutions – Nations

What Are We Competing Over? • Funding (Research Councils, RAE / REF, EU……) • Research resources (Ph. D students, key labs…. . ) • Impact (citations, innovation, transformation…. ) • Prestige (RAE, League Tables, Prizes……) • Success (we just like winning!)

How is the Competitive Landscape Changing? • Increased pressures on available resources • Changing expectations of funding agencies. To be competitive, need overlapping geographies • Higher education becoming more globalised • Geography of global competition changing – Old competitors opening up (eg US) – New competitors emerging (eg China and India)

Collaboration

Drivers of Collaboration • Individual – Gains from trade (pooling, access, citations…) – Funding agency priorities (multidisciplinary research focus, geography…. ) • Disciplinary – Critical mass / survival (scale, depth…. ) – Delivery (access to essential inputs, adding value) • Institutional – Market access (diversification, penetration…. . ) – Visibility (brand development, league tables…. ) • National – Spillovers (learning by collaborating, innovation and growth) – Prestige (league tables)

Geography of Collaboration • • Local Regional National International – Diffusion of knowledge does not respect boundaries

Collaboration Will Increase • ‘Grand Challenges’ are global (food security, energy technologies, public health……. ) • Growing linkage of research and innovation • Strategic partnerships with Research Councils • Falling trade costs • Globalisation of higher education • Increased business to business engagement • Globalisation of business to business engagement • Income diversification

Trade Costs 1980 -2005 Index, 1985 -100

HE Students Studying Overseas

Imports and Exports of International Students 800 600 400 200 Sent Received 0 US -200 -400 -600 UK France Germany Australia China Korea India Malaysia

Global Trends in Research Collaboration Country Growth in Collaborative Research Outputs 1996 -2005 (% increase) China 214 India 186 Australia 162 Japan 155 United Kingdom 154 Germany 153 United States 148 France 146 Canada 142

More Collaboration Will Help Drive Success • Individual (citations, impact, funding) • Disciplinary (competitiveness, critical mass, spillovers) • Institutional (competitiveness, leverage, survival) • National (knowledge based economy, inovation, competitiveness)

A Case Study Collaboration and the University of Nottingham

Collaboration at Nottingham • Well embedded in institutional DNA • Collaborations at all levels (individual, disciplinary, institutional) • Partnerships with: other Universities; Research Councils; SMEs; global businesses; public sector bodies • ‘Death of distance’ means collaborations are local and global

Local Collaborations • Education – Biocity – Nottingham University Samworth Academy • Business – Boots – Network of SMEs • Public Services – Nottingham University Hospitals Trust

Regional / National Collaborations • Higher Education – Midlands Physics Alliance (+ Birmingham and Warwick) – Midlands Energy Consortium and MEGS (+ Birmingham and Loughborough) – Manufacturing Technology Centre (+ Birmingham and Loughborough) • Research Councils – BBSRC (Strategic Partnership) – EPSRC (Framework Agreement)

Regional / National Collaborations • Business – Rolls Royce (UTCs + MTC) – Eon (MEC) – BGS (National Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage) – GSK (Carbon Neutral Laboratories)

International Collaborations • innumerable individual, School and University collaborations • Universitas 21 network • International Campuses – University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus – University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Nottingham Malaysia

University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus • Research and Knowledge Transfer Opportunities – Addressing national / regional priorities (engineering, pharmaceutical sciences) – Leveraging global priorities (Crops for the Future) – Diversification of research funding (EU, MOSTI) – Building new collaborations (University, business, public sector)

Nottingham China

University of Nottingham Ningbo China • Research and Knowledge Transfer Opportunities: – Addressing local / national priorities (manufacturing, business and finance) – Leveraging for global priorities (sustainable energy technologies) – Diversification of research funding (MOST, Sustainable Manufacturing Key Labs) – Building new collaborations (University, business, public sector)

Conclusions • Competition and collaboration are not mutually exclusive • Collaboration has the potential to add real value • With increased links between research and innovation and increased globalisation, potential for collaboration grows • Enormous potential globally