Headline in Arial Bold 30 pt Le nuove

Headline in Arial Bold 30 pt Le nuove frontiere dell’ HPC Sergio Re Sales & Marketing Manager Silicon Graphics Italia

SGI oggi Un’anzienda rivolta all’innovazione Più di 1700 persone Più di 800+ persone che visitano clienti 300+ Ingegneri in R&D $500 m fatturato 6000+ Clienti attivi in oltre 50 paesi nel mondo • sistemi Linux HPC più avanzati del mondo I ns punti di forza tecnici • un’architettura scalare unica • un sistema di condivione globale della memoria • File systems e condivisione dello storage • Servizi e consulenza

Fatturato per segmento di mercato Enterprise Business Management/Media 9% Engineering Analysis 20% Sciences 36% Defense & Intelligence 35%

SGI Systems Highly Integrated and Massively Scalable High. Performance Computing Advanced Graphics Storage

Joint Development With Partners SGI and Intel collaborage on system design requirements for large scale computing for Itanium and Xeon CPUs SGI maintains a close working relationship with Novell on Linux support for scalability, performance, and support for SGI servers and storage systems. SGI works closely with Red Hat on Linux support with a special emphasis on security and adherence to standards SGI has contributed thousands of lines of code to the Linux Community Including code that supports large scale computing, reliability and stability SGI and Oracle are jointly developing, selling and marketing Enterprise solutions for data intensive problems

Le necessità di calcolo Simulazione Metereologica CPU Generiche applicazioni di calcolo Database Signal processing Memoria Web server I/O Media streaming

SGI Advanced HPC Platform Large SMP Workflow SGI® Altix® 4700 Midrange SMP/ Cluster Workflow SGI® Altix® 450 Intel® ITANIUM 2 based Application Appliance SGI® f 1200 Intel® Xeon® based Cluster Workflow SGI® Altix® XE ICE 8200

SGI Workflow Ready Solution Workflow Continuum Common Linux OS & Development Tools SGI Scalable shared file servers & storage solutions Common Workload Management Tools Systems Management & Monitoring

SGI: Complete HPC Solution on Linux® • Compilers: – Intel C++ and Fortran Compilers for Linux – GNU Compiler for C and Fortran 77 • Libraries: SGI Pro. Pack™ for Linux And • Third Party Tools • – – – SGI Message Passing Toolkit SGI Scientific Computing Software Library SGI Flexible File I/O Intel Math Kernel Library Intel Integrated Performance Primitives NAG C, Parallel, Fortran SMP, F 90 Automated Parallelization Tools: – Parallel Software Products Para. Wise Open Source Development Tools: – Linuxlinks. org, Freshmeat. net, Source. Forge®. net • SGI Data Management Software – CXFS™ cluster File System – DMF hierarchical storage management Standard Linux Distributions • Novell SUSE™ Linux Enterprise Server 9 and 10 • Debuggers: – – Intel Debugger Etnus® Total. View® GNU GDB Allinea Software Distrbuted Debug Tool • Performance and Analysis Tools: – – – Intel VTune™ Performance Analyzer Intel Trace Analyzer and Trace Collector SGI Performance Co-Pilot™ SGI pfmon and profile. pl SGI Histx • Other SGI Pro. Pack Tools – – – REACT 4. 2 (real-time support) XVM NUMA tools (cpuset, dlock, dplace) Embedded Support Partner (ESP) Graphics support • Red. Hat® Enterprise Linux 4

ICE 8200 Breakthrough Reliability • • • Carlsbad IRU: 128 cores and no cables Redundant, hot swap power and cooling Fully Buffered DIMMS to reduce transient errors Blade design provides rapid serviceability Infini. Band backplane for high signal reliability (2) 4 x DDR IB Switch Blades (1) 24 -Port IB switch ASIC per blade Front View (7+1) 1625 W 12 VDC Output Front-End Power Supplies (16) 2 -Socket Nodes 10 U 24 -inch EIA Form Factor (17. 50 -in H x 22. 5 -in W x 32 -in D) (1) Chassis Management Controller (CMC)

ICE 8200 Breakthrough Performance Density Up to 512 Cores and 6 TFlops per Rack (16) Carlsbad Blades • Each 42 U rack (30” W x 40” D) rack has: – (4) IRUs with (16) 2 -Socket Carlsbad Nodes each – (128) DP Intel® Xeon® sockets – DDR IB ports on (4) backplanes for torus • (48) 4 x DDR IB • 19” standard rack also supported • SGI offers optional chilled water-cooled units for use in large system configurations • 39. 5 k. W (high-bin SKUs + (4) FB DIMMs /socket) – 31. 6 k. W (assuming 80% system-level derate) • Rack weight ~ 2050 Lb (246 Lb/ft 2 footprint)

SGI Scalable cc. NUMA Architecture Basic Node Interconnect C A C H E CPU NUMAlink Interconnect Interface Chip Physical Memory C A C H E

Open Systems Scaleable Infrastructure RASC™ (FPGA) C A C H E CPU Interface Chip Physical Memory C A C H E FPGA(s) Scalable GPUs C A C CPU GPUs H GPUs. CPU E TIO C A C H E General Purpose I/O Interfaces C General A C CPU Purpose H E I/O General Purpose CPU I/O Interface TIOChip Physical Memory NUMAlink™ Interconnect Fabric C A C H E

SGI® Altix® 450 • “Plug and Solve” Blade Form Factor • Half-rack or Full-rack S S S S S • 5 U ‘IRU’ Chassis S S S S S -Chassis-only option S S S S S • 608 GB SSI Memory -Increasing to 912 GB in 1 HCY 07 Power Sup. Double Single Slot Slot (I/O) NUMALINK -4 to 76 cores S S I/O S S Power Sup. • 2 to 38 Sockets 5 U ‘Individual Rack Unit’ Chassis NUMALINK -3 rd party rack option

Bringing it Together: Solution Components ISC Star-P™ SGI® Altix® and Altix® XE • • Scalable servers, clusters, and supercomputers Cost-efficient, reliable Altix XE clusters with leading density, power efficiency Advanced scalability to 512 processors per Altix server and 128 TB globally addressable memory per system Complete Linux solution for HPC Images courtesy of Silicon Graphics, Inc; Interactive Supercomputing Inc. • • Interactive parallel computing platform Bridges MATLAB and Altix servers Works with familiar desktop tools, while leveraging an HPC for computationally-intensive tasks Automatic and transparent, no new programming

How Star-P works • Star-P consists of desktop & server software • Desktop software – Star-P Client – – Overloads or intercepts desktop tool functions Connects and communicates to/with server software – securely • Server software – Star-P Server on SGI® Altix® or SGI® Altix® XE – – – Manages and directs resources – memory, cpu’s and I/O Contains world class libraries for parallel execution User & Session management

What’s the Value • Desktop Users: – No change in religion – Interactivity • On parallel machines • For large data – No reprogramming • No C, Fortran, MPI – Reduced run times • Not hours or weeks – Continued model optimization • Organization – – – Collapse development cycles Reduce costs Broaden usage Shorten solution time Accelerate research

Parallel Development Takes Too Long • • • Months or years are spent porting from desktops to parallel systems No interactively on parallel machines from desktop Little ability to iterate Long compute times for batch runs; hours-days Analyst’s ability to optimize the model is limited

Using Star-P– Serial operations • Use MATLAB – – – – • • File Editor Profiler Debugger Array Editor Desktop Visualization Small Calculations Running Star-P does not affect normal MATLAB environment Problems that can be solved on desktop - stay on desktop

SGI® RASC™ Solution: Simplifies Development & Improves Programmer Efficiency Gnu Debugger (GDB) FPGA Aware Simultaneous debugging of both the CPU based app and the FPGA accelerated app RASC Abstraction Layer (RASCAL) SGI provided Enables serial or parallel FPGA scaling RASC API and Core Provides tools to develop reconfigurable computing Services Library elements in a multi-user, multiprocessing environment 3 rd Party HLL Development Tools Mitrionics Mitrion C, Impulse-C and ROCCC Synplicity Synplify Pro and Xilinx Synthesis Technology Supported within RASC environment For advanced incremental and modular design methodologies

How Do FPGAs Differ from Traditional CPUs? Compare Application Run Time %’s Export Algorithm to RASC Algorithm Execution Time 010010010 01110100101010 1110010101000110001 01010111 00000111100100 00010010111010 0 11 00011 1 1 11011110011 0 Traditional Method CPU only Identify RASC appropriate algorithm Algorithm Execution time 010010010 01110100101010 RC 100 Method Key Algorithm running on FPGA Directly map computationallyintensive algorithms to hardware with RC 100 technology Time Savings Job Run Time Application Run-Time Comparison

SGI® RASC™ RC 100 Blade SRAM SSP NL 4 V 4 LX 200 TIO SRAM PCI SRAM Selmap NL 4 Loader SRAM Selmap SRAM NL 4 TIO SSP V 4 LX 200 SSAM SRAM

SGI Workflow Ready Solution –Segment Example –Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) Any combination of ALTIX servers & XE sharing storage resources SGI Solution: FSI Workload CAPABILITY CAPACITY SGI Altix 450/4700 SMP & super head node Minimize time-to solution for the largest & most demanding problems Infini. Band or Gig. E Fabric Fibre Channel or Infini. Band or Gig. E Fabric SGI® Scalable NAS (and other shared file servers) 1. ALTIX XE • Modest memory addressability (~24 GB+/core) 2. ALTIX 450/4700 • Large memory addressability (~48 GB/core) • Option for B/W blades 3. Storage • High Speed SAS (~250 GB/core) • 4 SAS disks per XE node SGI Altix XE 1200/1300 (x 86 -64) clusters Cost-effective Solution & performance leader for most analyses Optimally meet the diverse needs of all workloads or procurement drivers

Advanced Graphics Storage

SGI® Infinite. Storage Hardware Multi-purpose RAID Systems Streaming Real-time RAID 4500 6700 • • Max performance 4 Gb FC or IB Enterprise S/W FC RAID / SATA • Multiple high resolution streaming • Isochronous Low-cost SATA RAID 350 • 4 Gb connectivity • 500 GB SATA drives Ultra-dense RAID 10000 4000 • 4 Gb Fibre Channel • Ultimate Price/Performance • FC RAID / SATA • Ultra-high density • Tape complement or replacement • One rack – 240 TB SAN NAS • Completely integrated • Easy to deploy • Grows with customers’ business JBOD 120 • Easy to deploy modular scalability

Data Management Software Stack Storage Product Integration DMF CXFS NFS RDMA accelerated (NAS) XFS SGI System Altix Servers 3 rd Party Disks, Fiber Channel Switches

Infinite. Storage Appliance Manager ®

SGI® Infinite. Storage, le soluzioni SGI® Infinite. Storage Data Migration Facility (DMF) migra in maniera trasparente I files dallo Storage On-line a quello definito near-line secondo I critei temporali assegnati • Questo porta ad abbassare il TCO • Incremetare il ROI e la produttività • E’ più facile da gestire • Riduce I rischi di perdita dei dati • Protegge gli investimenti iniziali • Integra la disponibilità del dato con la sua sicurezza SGI® Infinite. Storage Shared File System CXFS™ • tutti I file sono condisisi • non sono copiati • Non si spreca spazio • si risparmia tempo • si risparmiano soldi File A File D File G File B File E File H File C File F File I

Dedicato a: Decision Support Centres, Surveillance/Homeland Security/Crisis, C 4 I battlefield command control Vi interessa? . . . Si chiama Pixelfusion Enviroment

Media Fusion Process Input Fusion Native Render Network Input IP Streams Fusion Output Render to Pipes Output Local Display Stream to IP Local Streams Record/ Retrieve Network

HPC Technology Investment Strategy • Packaging – Consistency – Density & Reliability – Energy Efficiency • Interconnect – Reduce Cost – Increase Value • Data Management

Oracle® Times. Ten : In-Memory DB Customer Benchmark Results Government Customer’s Data & Tests Incumbent 96 GB System vs. Altix 960 GB Improvement • Ingest order-records 5 x • Ingest person-records 12 x • Query 1 per secest vs. 91 K/sec • Join Data 1 every min vs. 13 K/sec • Sub-Query 1 every 5 mins vs. 2. 5 K/sec May’ 06

SGI Altix Servers Support More Memory Maximum Memory/Core 128 TB 128 GB/core IBM p 595 2 TB 32 GB/core HP Superdome 2 TB 16 GB/core Sun Enterprise 25 K 1 TB 8 GB/core SGI Altix 4700 Source: Ideas International, Inc. – February 2007 • SGI Altix 4700 supports more memory • Fewer cores are required to support the same level of memory • Lower TCO: • Spend less on processors • Spend less on software licenses

SGI Altix 4700 Requires Less Floorspace Dense System Packaging is one of SGI’s Core Competencies System Footprint Altix 4700 45” 26” 1170” HP Super. Dome 60” 48” 2880” Sun E 25 K 65” 33” 2145” IBM p 595 52” 31” 1612” HP Super. Dome Area IBM p 595 Depth Sun E 25 K Width SGI Altix 4700

SGI Altix Innovative Power Architecture SGI Servers are Twice as Efficient Typical Power Architecture SGI Power Architecture AC Server 48 VDC AC ~80% No 48 V Conversion SGI Altix Server Additional boards board 1. 85 v 12 v 3. 3 v board ~80% 1. 2 v Additional boards ~70% 80% x 70% = 45% efficiency 1. 85 v 12 v 3. 3 v 1. 2 v High Efficiency Power Converters 90% 85% 90% x 92% = 76% efficiency Proprietary Power Design

Interconnect Strategy : Reduce Cost & Increase Capability • NUMAlink 4 (Today) • NUMAlink 5: hw extension of IFB (’ 09) – Custom copper cable – COTS Infiniband 12 x copper cable – Custom signaling – COTS serdes – Custom protocol (higher capability) $450 (5 m) $150 (5 m)

Copper : Weight becoming significant Picture credit : LRZ

SGI Numa. Link System Architecture MPU IO CPU Very Large Shared Memory . Globally Addressable IO PU C PU M MPU . Low Latency . High Bandwidth . Many Ports C PU CPU U APGA) (FP PU U) A P (G

Sergio Re – Tel. 02. 36547100 – E-mail SRE@SGI. COM – WWW. SGI. COM