HAZARDOUS WASTE Hazardous Waste Management at Bowling Green State University
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) - 1976 “Cradle to grave” management of hazardous wastes
Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) - 1984 Established three categories of generators • Large Quantity Generators (LQGs) (generate over 1000 Kg of hazardous waste per month) • Small Quantity Generators (SQGs) (generate between 100 & 1000 Kg and <1 Kg of acutely toxic waste per month) • Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators (CESQGs) (generate less than 100 Kg and <1 Kg of acutely toxic waste per month)
Six Steps of Hazardous Waste Management • • • Identification Collection Storage Packaging Transportation Disposal
HAZARDOUS WASTE Hazardous Waste Defined
Hazardous Waste Categories • Listed Wastes (U, P, K, and F) • • • from commercial chemical products from specific and non-specific sources Characteristic Wastes (D) • • based on waste qualities heavy metals and certain pesticides
Listed Wastes (U, P) – Commercial Chemicals “U” listed wastes (“toxic”) • Acetone • Formaldehyde • Phenol “P” listed wastes (“acutely toxic”) • Osmium Tetroxide • Sodium Azide • Sodium Cyanide
Listed Wastes (K, F) – Specific and Nonspecific Sources “K” listed wastes (“specific sources”) • Distillation bottoms from the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene • Wastewater treatment sludges generated in the production of creosote “F” listed wastes (“non-specific sources”) • Spent halogenated solvents (e. g. carbon tetrachloride) • Spent non-halogenated solvents (e. g. toluene, MEK)
Characteristic Wastes – “D” Wastes Ignitable • flash point 140 o. F Corrosive • p. H 2 or 12. 5 Reactive • • unstable air/water reactive Toxic • • heavy metals certain pesticides
Identification • Who are the generators? • What are they generating? • How much are they generating?
Academic Labs
Research Labs
Custodial Closets
Other Custodial Storage Areas
Building Maintenance Areas
Paint Shops
Unknowns • Unnecessary • Expensive to identify
Collection
Use of funnel for additions to waste container
Lid of waste container secured following additions Properly labeled
Storage (Lab)
Proper waste storage
Proper waste storage
Separate, safe areas with instructions
Hazardous Waste Management Poster • English • Russian • Chinese
Storage area of last resort
Overcrowding?
Unacceptable storage
Unacceptable storage
Improper storage?
Storage (Departmental)
Transfer to safe storage areas
Safe transport unit for glass bottles
Transportation (On-site)
Hazardous waste transport vehicle
Waste storage unit
Partition areas within storage unit
Separation of incompatible chemicals
Hazardous Waste Storage Facility (HWF)
Storage on wooden shelving within individual storage rooms
Packaging
DOT approved containers
Comingling wastes in fume hood
Comingling wastes outside
Lab-packing chemicals in 55 -gallon drum
Proper labeling of waste drums
Proper labeling of waste pails
Transportation (Off-site)
EPA registered transport vehicle
Proper loading of waste containers
Use of placards as required
Use of Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest system
Disposal • Options – EPA approved landfill – deep well injection – incineration – othermal destruction – chemical treatment
Aptus hazardous waste incinerator Coffeeville, Kansas
Certificate of Treatment or Disposal
Waste Minimization Program • inventory management • substitution • microquantities • drain disposal • neutralization • recycling
Inventory Management Purchase and store only those chemical quantities to be used over a short period of time
Substitution of hazardous chemical with one that is less or non-hazardous
Use of Material Safety Data Sheets in selecting potential chemicals for substitution
Microquantities Use of smaller quantities of chemicals can result in smaller volumes of hazardous wastes
Drain Disposal Only for certain chemicals in small quantities with appropriate dilution and POTW approval
Elementary Neutralization Proper neutralization of hazardous chemicals can result in reduced hazardous waste generation
Recycling through Distillation Solvent distillation reduces waste volumes and extends the time between needed purchases
Orphan Chemical Program • Transfers useable but unwanted chemicals to those who can use them • reduces disposal costs • reduces purchasing costs for new materials
HAZARDOUS WASTE Hazardous Waste Management at Bowling Green State University
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