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Hawaiian Heli-Tour Industry “Under the Radar” AAJ Winter Convention 2010 The Danko Law Firm Hawaiian Heli-Tour Industry “Under the Radar” AAJ Winter Convention 2010 The Danko Law Firm Kristine Keala Meredith

The Business 1 million passengers per year n 1 out of 10 visitors to The Business 1 million passengers per year n 1 out of 10 visitors to Hawai’i n $200, 000 annually n Jobs n

“Fly like a tropical bird above two of the most famous sites on Maui “Fly like a tropical bird above two of the most famous sites on Maui — Hana and Haleakala Crater — and everywhere in-between. ”

“fly into the heart and heat of an active volcano” “fly close enough to “fly into the heart and heat of an active volcano” “fly close enough to feel waterfall’s cooling mist” the

Under the Radar n Minimal or No Government Oversight n No Insurance Requirements n Under the Radar n Minimal or No Government Oversight n No Insurance Requirements n Minimal Experience Required n Fleet’s Average Age

Recognized Hazards n n n Proximity to terrain Micro-weather Mix of Heli and Fixed Recognized Hazards n n n Proximity to terrain Micro-weather Mix of Heli and Fixed Wing No Radar Coverage Operation outside of design limits Lack of survival equipment

Safety Record n n n Vs. Other States 1991 -1994 - 20 Tour Crashes Safety Record n n n Vs. Other States 1991 -1994 - 20 Tour Crashes 2007 - a deadly year Kauai: 5 fatals. Over 4 years, 18 fatalities Observed frequency Safety Sell

JACK HARTER http: //web. archive. org/web/20030728065250/http: /helicopters-kauai. com/ JACK HARTER http: //web. archive. org/web/20030728065250/http: /helicopters-kauai. com/

Victim Demographics n Families n Honeymooners/Anniversaries n Timeshares Victim Demographics n Families n Honeymooners/Anniversaries n Timeshares

Why? Causes – – – Engine failure Weather Inadequate pre-flight planning Lack of survival Why? Causes – – – Engine failure Weather Inadequate pre-flight planning Lack of survival equipment Flying too low (CFIT and Engine Failure) Translation: Oversight Cowboy mentality Competition for passengers

Under the Radar n Regulatory Quandaries – Terrain Clearance vs. Weather Avoidance – Terrain Under the Radar n Regulatory Quandaries – Terrain Clearance vs. Weather Avoidance – Terrain clearance vs. Overwater Operations – Terrain clearance vs. Bookings – Geographically specific regulation

Eurocopter AStar 350 Eurocopter AStar 350

6 Pax – Facing Front 6 Pax – Facing Front

Litigation Considerations n Experts – Accident Reconstruction – Piloting – Metallurgy/Material – Weather Litigation Considerations n Experts – Accident Reconstruction – Piloting – Metallurgy/Material – Weather

Litigation Considerations n Working with the NTSB – Takes charge of wreck – Investigation Litigation Considerations n Working with the NTSB – Takes charge of wreck – Investigation - Parties – Report – Factual/Probable Cause – Evidentiary Issues

Litigation Considerations n GARA n Discovery in Foreign Countries n Insurance n Mainland Experts Litigation Considerations n GARA n Discovery in Foreign Countries n Insurance n Mainland Experts n Local Counsel n Pro Hac Vice

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Article July 2009 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Article July 2009

Hawaiian Heli-Tour Industry “Under the Radar” AAJ Winter Convention – 2010 Kristine Keala Meredith Hawaiian Heli-Tour Industry “Under the Radar” AAJ Winter Convention – 2010 Kristine Keala Meredith The Danko Law Firm