HARRIET TUBMAN Conductor of the Underground Railroad By Donna Martin
UNIT: The Underground Railroad GRADE LEVEL: Sixth LESSON: Harriet Tubman
Objectives After completing this lesson, the sixth grade students should be able to: n Understand the existence of slavery in America n Understand the life and escape of Harriet Tubman n Understand Harriet Tubman’s role in the Underground Railroad n Understand Harriet Tubman’s role in the Civil War
Materials Needed: n Various informational books on the life of Harriet Tubman n Map of the United States (1850 s) n Various informational books on slavery n Poster paper n Pencils/Markers/Colored Pencils
Web Sites n The Underground Railroad www. nationalgeographic. com/features/99/railr oad/html n Harriet Tubman for Children www. 2. lhric. org/pocatico/tubman. html n Harriet Tubman - New York History http: //www. nyhistory. com/harriettubman
Web Sites (continued) n Harriet Tubman Historical Society http: //www. nyhistory. com/harriettubman n Harriet Tubman – The Chosen One http: //www. thechosenone. com/
Student Activities n Research the slave laws of the different states during the early to mid 1800 s n Create a character profile of Harriet Tubman n Write letters to governor and legislators persuading them to have a Harriet Tubman Day
Student Activities (continued) n Map Harriet Tubman’s route to freedom on a United States map n Map the different routes of the Underground Railroad on a United States map n Construct a time line of Harriet Tubman’s life
Slavery in the United States Slavery of African Americans in the United States began as early as 1500 when the first African Slaves were brought to the New World by the Spanish.
Slavery on the rise. . By the time of the Revolutionary War, 10% of the people in America were slaves.
Abolitionist Movement n Abolitionist: Anyone who was against slavery n Abolitionists included many kinds of people: whites and blacks, men and women, rich and poor, and religious and non religious.
Escape! n Ever since slaves were captured, they have always tried to escape. n The rise of the Abolitionist Movement made escape easier.
A Savior is Born… n Harriet Tubman was born into slavery in 1821 in Dorchester County, Maryland n Harriet was one of 11 children. All of Harriet’s brothers and sisters, as well as their parents, were slaves on the Maryland Plantation
Harriet’s Early Years… n Harriet began work at age six n Harriet was a poor housekeeper, so she was sent to work outside in the fields n At age seven, Harriet tried to escape. Harriet became tired and hungry and returned to the plantation shortly after her escape.
Time to Run n In 1844, Harriet made the decision to escape. n Harriet’s journey took her to the house of a trusted friend where she was given information about the next safe stop.
Free At Last! n By moving from safe house to safe house, Harriet made her way north to freedom.
Harriet’s Return to Maryland n By 1850, Harriet made plans to return to Maryland to help the rest of her family escape. n Harriet managed to lead the entire family to freedom, including her aging parents.
Harriet Turned Moses n Between 1850 and 1860, Harriet made over 19 trips to the South. n Through the Underground Railroad, Harriet freed over 300 slaves. n Harriet received the nickname of Moses since she led so many to freedom
Most Wanted Angry slave owners posted rewards of up to $40, 000 for Harriet’s capture n Harriet was never captured. n
Harriet’s Tricks n To avoid capture, Harriet used many tricks. She dressed as an old woman or a man n Harriet used songs as with secret codes to communicate n Harriet used the North Star to guide her
Railroad Expansion n Over time, several routes were developed to travel North to freedom.
A Nation Divided n By 1861, the issue of slavery divided the entire nation. The Civil War had begun
Harriet, the Spy n Harriet served in the army during the Civil War. She went on several rescue missions. Harriet even worked as a spy.
No More Slavery n In 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Lincoln. n Slavery was ended in the United States forever!
Harriet’s Later Years n After the war ended, Harriet continued to help people. Harriet fought for the rights of freed slaves and opened a home for the poor
Harriet Remembered n Harriet died in 1913. She was 93 years old. n Today, many tourists still visit her home in New York.
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